Mafuta ndi abwino bwanji kudzaza injini

Mafuta a injini amateteza mbali zina za injini yamagalimoto pomwe imagwira ntchito ndipo amaletsa kuwonongeka. Chifukwa chake, kusankha kwamafuta kuyenera kuyandikira mwanzeru - chifukwa chazakudya zambiri, sizovuta kulakwitsa ndikusankha ndikuwononga injini yamagalimoto.

Zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana posankha mafuta

Njira yosavuta yosankhira mafuta mu injini ndikutsatira malingaliro a wopanga m'buku lagalimoto yanu. Koma kuthekera uku sikupezeka nthawi zonse. Kuphatikiza apo, malangizowa sakutanthauza kuti ndi mtundu wokhawo womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito - zopangidwa ndi makampani ena sizingafanane ndi injini. Chifukwa chake, mwini galimoto akuyenera kudziwa mtundu wamafuta amafuta ndi zomwe ayenera kuyang'ana posankha.

Pali mitundu ingapo yamafuta yamafuta:

• popanga - kupanga, theka-kupanga, mchere, komanso kuwapeza chifukwa cha hydrocracking;
• mtundu wa injini - dizilo ndi mafuta injini;
• mwa nyengo - chilimwe, chisanu ndi nyengo yonse;
• mamasukidwe akayendedwe - zambiri viscous mafuta.

Chinthu china chofunikira ndikupezeka kwovomerezeka kuchokera kwa automaker pamtundu wina wamafuta. Kulolerana ndi mtundu wa muyezo wabwino, chifukwa zikutanthauza kuti kalasi yamafuta yayang'aniridwa ndi wopanga magalimoto ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito. Kulekerera komwe kumapezeka ndi mtundu winawake kumawonetsedwa pamndandanda.

Momwe mungasankhire mamasukidwe akayendedwe

Kukhuthala kwa mafuta ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu posankha. Mawuwa amatanthauza kusungika kwamafuta amafuta munthawi zosiyanasiyana. Ngati mafuta ali owoneka bwino kwambiri, ndiye kuti sitatayo silingathe kuyambitsa injini poyambira, ndipo mpope sudzatha kuyipopera chifukwa chotsika pang'ono.

Ngati mafuta alibe viscous mokwanira, ndiye kuti sangathe kupereka chitetezo chokwanira cha ziwalo za injini kuti zisagwidwe mikhalidwe yogwira pamatentha atatu. Komabe, mafuta owoneka bwino kwambiri nawonso sioyenera - alibe kutenthetsa kokwanira, komwe kumabweretsa kukangana kwakukulu kwa ziwalo zama injini ndipo kumatha kubweretsa kulanda kwa injini. Kuphatikiza apo, mafuta owoneka bwino kwambiri amawonjezera mafuta.

Chifukwa chake, posankha mafuta ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe, munthu ayenera kutsatira malangizo a wopanga. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ma mota ena amapangidwira mafuta otsika kwambiri, monga ma injini a ku Asia opanga makina, komanso zamagetsi zamagalimoto apanyumba, ndibwino kuti musankhe mafuta okwera kwambiri.

Mutha kupeza mamasukidwe akayendedwe amafuta ndi index ya SAE, yomwe ikuwonetsedwa pamndandanda wazogulitsa. SAE 20 ndi mafuta otsika kwambiri, SAE 40 ndi owoneka bwino kwambiri, ndi zina zambiri. Kuchuluka kwa chiwerengerocho, kumakulitsanso kukhuthala.

Momwe mungasankhire mtundu wamafuta

Posankha mafuta molingana ndi kapangidwe kake, amakonda kupatsa mafuta opangira kwathunthu. Maminolo ndi ma hydrocracking mafuta amataya mafuta, choncho mwayi wawo wokha ndi mtengo wotsika. Semi-synthetic mafuta ndi njira yonyengerera.

Ponena za mitundu yamafuta amtundu wa injini, imatha kutsimikizika ndi cholozera cha API cholembapo mankhwala, momwe kalata yoyamba imafotokozera mtundu wa injini:

• S - kwa injini mafuta;
• C - kwa injini dizilo.

Kalata yachiwiri mu index ya API imatanthawuza magwiridwe antchito - kupitilirabe mu zilembo zaku Latin, ndizofunikira kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamafuta, ndipo galimoto iyenera kukhala yatsopano. Mwachitsanzo, mafuta omwe ali ndi index ya SM ndioyenera magalimoto amafuta osati koyambirira kwa chaka cha 2004.

Kusankha mtundu

Kusankha kampani yopanga ndi gawo lina lofunikira mukamagula mafuta. Ndikofunika kusankha makampani omwe ali ndi mbiri yapadziko lonse lapansi kapena, mwina, ma brand odziwika kudziko lonse. Mwa iwo, kusankha mtundu winawake kumatha kutengera zokonda zanu. Mafuta abwino kwambiri ndi ofanana ndipo amatha kusiyanasiyana pang'ono pamutengo ndi magwiridwe ake.

Poganizira nyengo ndi nyengo posankha

Monga tanenera kale, mbali yofunika kwambiri ya mafuta injini ndi kukhuthala. Mafuta onse agawika mitundu itatu: chilimwe, dzinja ndi nyengo yonse.

Mutha kumvetsetsa mtundu wamafuta potchulidwa ndi SAE mamasukidwe akayendedwe.

• index yachisanu ili ndi kalata W (0W, 5W, 10W);
• palibe kalata W mu index yachilimwe (20, 40, 60);
• za mafuta amitundu yambiri, zizindikilo zonsezi ndizopangidwa (5W-30, 5W-40, ndi zina zambiri).

Chisankho chabwino kwambiri ndi mafuta amitundu yambiri - azitha chaka chonse chakalendala. Ngati galimoto imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu, ndipo ma mileage apachaka amapitilira nthawi yosinthira mafuta, ndiye kuti mafuta a chilimwe amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yotentha, ndi mafuta achisanu m'nyengo yozizira.

Mayendedwe achisanu mu index ndi ofanana - kutsika kwa chiwerengerocho, kutsika kutentha komwe mafuta amakhala ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe. Mwachitsanzo, index 5W imatanthauza kuti mafuta ayambitsa injini pamatentha a -35 ° C, 10W - pakatentha -30 ° C, 15W - pa -25 ° C, ndi zina zambiri.

Chifukwa chake, posankha mafuta, ayenera kuganizira nyengo yakomweko komwe galimoto imagwirira ntchito. Mukakhala kumpoto, Urals kapena Siberia, ndibwino kuti musankhe mafuta okhala ndi 0W kapena 5W index, m'madera otentha, mutha kuyimitsa kusankha kwamafuta ndi index ya 10W, koma ku Crimea kapena Sochi Muthanso kugula mafuta ndi 20W index (mpaka -20 ° C).

Mafuta otchuka

Malinga ndi zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito adalemba, mayina otsatirawa ali m'gulu la mafuta abwino kwambiri amafuta.

1. ZIC 5w40 - zopangidwa kuchokera ku kampani yaku South Korea ndichimodzi mwazabwino kwambiri pamsika malinga ndi mtengo ndi mtundu wake.
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3. Total Quartz 9000 5w40 ndi mafuta apamwamba kwambiri ochokera kwa wopanga waku France, yemwe ali ndi vuto limodzi lokha - mtengo wokwera kwambiri.
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5. Shell Helix Ultra 5w-40 ndi amodzi mwamafuta otchuka kwambiri pamsika, makamaka omwe amalimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo ozizira. Pali vuto limodzi lokhalo lotchulidwira - mtengo wokwera.
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7. Mobil Super 3000 X1 5W-40 ndi woimira wina m'kalasi la mafuta okwera mtengo koma apamwamba kwambiri.
8. Lukoil Lux 5W40 SN CF ndi njira yabwino kwambiri kuchokera kwa wopanga waku Russia, yemwe ali ndi zovuta ziwiri zokha - magwiridwe antchito azachilengedwe komanso nthawi yayitali pakati pamalowedwe. Ubwino wake ndikutentha kogwiritsa ntchito komanso mtengo wotsika kwambiri pazabwino kwambiri.