Ndi mafuta ati omwe ali abwino kuposa kupanga kapena theka-kupanga

Kugula galimoto yanu yoyamba nthawi zonse kumatsagana ndi mafunso angapo - osavuta komanso ovuta. Ndi mtundu wanji wamafuta omwe uyenera kudzazidwa, ndi zovuta ziti zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zisungidwe kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo matayala, kangati kusintha injini yamafuta ndi fyuluta yamafuta.

Mukasintha kapena mukufunika kuwonjezera mafuta a injini, funso limadza - ndisankhe iti?
Ngakhale imagwira ntchito zomwezo mu injini yoyaka yamkati:

• amateteza ku kutentha ndi kuvala kwa gawolo;
• amateteza ku dzimbiri;
• amachepetsa mphamvu ya mikangano pakati pa ziwalo zogwira;
• amachotsa zinthu zoyaka mafuta ndi kuvala kwa injini;

Momwe mafuta amagetsi amapangidwira

Zochita zamagalimoto zamagalimoto sizikhala zokhazikika nthawi zonse. Amatentha, kenako amazizira, kuyimilira ndikuyambiranso. Chiwerengero cha kusinthika ndi kuthamanga kwa mikangano kumasintha. Kukhalapo kwamafuta kumapangidwira kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo cha magawo amtundu uliwonse wogwira ntchito. Nthawi yomweyo, mafuta ndi mafuta a injini ayenera kukhala okhazikika osasintha.

Mafuta oyamba agalimoto adapezeka zaka za m'ma 1900 zisanachitike, pomwe mavavu a injini ya nthunzi adathiridwa ndi mafuta osapsa. Ma valve anamasulidwa, maphunziro awo anakhala omasuka komanso osalala. Komabe, mafuta amchere achilengedwe ali ndi vuto limodzi lalikulu - pakutentha kotsika komanso kugwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali, amayamba kukhuthala. Kuyambitsa injini mumikhalidwe yotere kumakhala vuto, mphamvu yotsutsana imawonjezeka, ziwalo zimatha mofulumira. Chifukwa chake, m'kupita kwa nthawi, funso lidabuka lopanga mafuta omwe amatha kusunga katundu wake m'malo osiyanasiyana.

Mafuta oyamba opangidwa adagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndege. Kenako, pa -40 madigiri ndege, mafuta wamba amchere amangowuma. Popita nthawi, ukadaulo wasintha, mitengo yopanga yatsika, ndipo mafuta opanga agwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani opanga magalimoto.

Kuti mumvetsetse mafuta omwe ali bwino kuposa ma synthetics kapena semi-synthetics, ganizirani zomwe ali nazo.

Kupanga mafuta

Dzina la mafuta opangira mota limadzilankhulira lokha. Amapangidwa mwapadera mu labotale chifukwa cha zovuta zingapo zamagulu. Pansi pa mafuta opangira ndi mafuta osakonzeka, omwe amawakonza m'mabotolo kwenikweni mpaka mamolekyulu. Zowonjezera zowonjezera zimawonjezedwa kumunsi kuti ziziteteze kuti zisakule ndikuteteza injini kuti isavalike. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha fomula yoyengedwa, mafuta opangira alibe zodetsa zomwe zimakhazikika mkati mwa injini.

Ganizirani zaubwino wopanga:

• Valani chitetezo mukamakangana. M'magetsi amphamvu, ziwalo zimayenda mofulumira kwambiri. Nthawi ina, mafuta amchere amayamba kutayika. Kupanga kwa mankhwala sikusintha;
• Zopanga sizikula. Umu ndi momwe zimasiyanirana ndi mafuta amchere, omwe sapirira kutentha pang'ono komanso nthawi yayitali; Kuteteza kwamagalimoto kutentha kwambiri. Pogwira ntchito, injini yamagalimoto imayatsa mpaka 90 -100 degrees. Nthawi zina zinthu zimasokonekera chifukwa cha nyengo yotentha. Mafuta opangira samatsitsa kapena kusanduka nthunzi.;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito synthetics kumatsimikizira ukhondo wa injini. Synthetics ndi yabwino chifukwa zonyansa zonse zimachotsedwa pakupanga kwake, kotero sipadzakhala matope a sludge pamakoma ndi mbali zina za galimoto - chinthu choyenera kuwonongeka kwa mafuta amchere;
• Chitetezo cha zinthu za turbocharger. Magalimoto amakono nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma turbocharger. Izi zimabweretsa kusintha kowonjezereka kopangidwa ndi shaft. Chotsatira chake, kuthamanga kwachangu ndi kutentha, kuchokera ku zotsatira zomwe zopangira zimateteza.

kuipa:

• Mtengo wapamwamba;
• Kuvuta kwa kusaka. Nthawi yomwe wopanga amapereka kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta apadera apadera a mtundu wina wamagalimoto.

Theka-kupanga mafuta

M'malo mwake, amatha kutchedwa semi-mineral, chifukwa tsinde ndi mafuta amchere. Mafuta opangira amawonjezeredwa ndi 60/40. Monga lamulo, ma semi-synthetics amathiridwa mu injini zokhala ndi mileage yayikulu pakawonedwa mafuta ambiri. Semi-synthetics nawonso amalimbikitsidwa pamitundu yoyambirira yama mota.

Taganizirani zina mwazabwino zama semisynthetics:

• Mtengo wotsika. Poyerekeza ndi mafuta opangira, mtengo wake ndi wocheperapo kangapo ndipo ndi wosavuta kupeza akafunika.
• Kutetezedwa kwabwino kwa injini poyerekeza ndi mafuta amchere;
• Kuchita bwino kwambiri kumadera okhala ndi nyengo yofatsa. Mafuta oterewa amasunganso bwino kwambiri pakatikati pa latitude.

Zoipa - zotheka kuwonongeka pa ntchito mu kwambiri kutentha ndi zinthu.

Zogwirizana ndi semisynthetics

Tiyenera kunena nthawi yomweyo kuti sikoyenera kusakaniza ndi kuwonjezera mafuta a opanga osiyanasiyana. Atha kukhala ndi mankhwala osiyana siyana azowonjezera, ndipo sizikudziwika kuti adzakhala bwanji pakati pawo.

Tiyeni tiwunikire malamulo angapo pakusintha mafuta kapena kusakaniza:

• Mukasintha kuchokera ku synthetics kupita ku semi-synthetics komanso mosemphanitsa, komanso posintha wopanga, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizimwaza injini. Izi zithetsa zotsalira zamafuta zilizonse mu injini.
• Amaloledwa kusakaniza mafuta opangira ndi osakanikirana kuchokera kwa wopanga yemweyo.

Malamulo osankha mafuta

1. Malangizo a wopanga. Monga lamulo, wopanga adaoneratu mtundu wamafuta woti adzaze.
2. Kuyang'ana zomwe zidasefukira kale. Pankhani yogula galimoto yakale, ndibwino kufunsa kuti ndi mafuta ati omwe mwiniwake adadzaza;
3. Kusankhidwa kwamafuta kutengera zachilengedwe. Mtundu uliwonse wamafuta umagawidwanso mogwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe. Kusankhidwa kumatha kutengera kutentha koyembekezereka kozungulira.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Ndi chiyani chabwino kutsanulira ma synthetics kapena semi-synthetics mu injini? Poyerekeza ndi ma synthetics, ma semi-synthetics ndi otsika m'njira zingapo. Koma ngati wopanga magalimoto amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito semi-synthetics, ndibwino kuti mudzaze.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mafuta opangidwa ndi semisynthetic mafuta? Maselo a ma cell omwe amatengera luso lamadzimadzi opaka mafuta. Synthetics imakhala ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri, chifukwa imapatsa injini mafuta odalirika pamikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri.

Kodi zopangira zitha kuthiridwa mu injini yakale? Ngati galimoto sichinayambe kutsukidwa, ndiye kuti madipoziti amayamba kuphulika ndikutseka njira, kuteteza mafuta ndi kuziziritsa kwa injini yoyaka mkati. Kuchucha kwamphamvu kwamafuta kumatha kupangidwanso kudzera m'zisindikizo zakale komanso zosindikizira.

Chifukwa chiyani ma synthetic ali bwino? Ili ndi mamasukidwe okhazikika (madzimadzi ambiri kuposa madzi amchere kapena semi-synthetics) pa kutentha kwakukulu. Ndi katundu wolemetsa wa mota, imakhalabe yokhazikika, simakalamba msanga.