Kodi kupanikizika kwa mabuleki agalimoto ndi kotani?
Kodi ma hydraulic brake amagalimoto onyamula anthu amathamanga bwanji?
Poyambirira, ndizomveka kumvetsetsa mfundo zotere monga kuthamanga kwa hydraulic system ndi kukakamiza kochitidwa ndi ma calipers kapena ndodo za silinda molunjika pa ma brake pads.
Kuthamanga mu hydraulic system ya galimoto yokha m'zigawo zake zonse ndi pafupifupi mofanana, ndipo pachimake pa magalimoto amakono ndi pafupifupi 180 bar (ngati mumawerengera mumlengalenga, ndiye kuti pafupifupi 177 atm). Pamasewera kapena magalimoto oyendetsedwa ndi anthu wamba, kupanikizika kumeneku kumatha kufika mpaka 200 bar.
Inde, n'zosatheka kupanga mwachindunji kupanikizika koteroko kokha ndi mphamvu ya minofu ya munthu. Choncho, pali zinthu ziwiri kulimbikitsa mu dongosolo braking galimoto.
- Pedal lever. Chifukwa cha lever, yomwe imaperekedwa ndi mapangidwe a pedal msonkhano, kukakamiza pa pedal poyamba kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dalaivala kumawonjezeka nthawi 4-8, malingana ndi mtundu wa galimoto.
- vacuum booster. Msonkhanowu umawonjezeranso kukakamiza kwa silinda ya brake master pafupifupi 2 zina. Ngakhale mapangidwe osiyanasiyana a unit iyi amapereka kusiyana kwakukulu mu mphamvu yowonjezera mu dongosolo.
M'malo mwake, kupanikizika kwa ma brake system pakugwira ntchito yamba kwagalimoto sikuposa 100 atmospheres. Ndipo pokhapokha pakuchita mabuleki mwadzidzidzi, munthu wotukuka bwino amatha kukankhira phazi pa pedal kuti apange kupanikizika mu dongosolo pamwamba pa 100 atmospheres, koma izi zimachitika pokhapokha.
Kuthamanga kwa pistoni ya caliper kapena ma silinda ogwirira ntchito pamapadi ndi kosiyana ndi kuthamanga kwa hydraulic mu brake system. Apa mfundoyi ndi yofanana ndi mfundo yoyendetsera makina osindikizira a hydraulic, pomwe silinda yaing'ono yapampu imapopera madzi mu silinda ya gawo lalikulu kwambiri. Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu kumawerengedwa ngati chiŵerengero cha ma diameter a silinda. Ngati mumvera pisitoni ya brake caliper ya galimoto yonyamula anthu, idzakhala yokulirapo kangapo kuposa pisitoni ya silinda yayikulu ya brake. Chifukwa chake, kupanikizika pamapadiwo kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa ma diameter a silinda.
Air brake pressure
Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito makina a pneumatic ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi hydraulic system. Choyamba, kuthamanga kwa mapadi kumapangidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa mpweya, osati kuthamanga kwamadzimadzi. Kachiwiri, dalaivala salenga kupanikizika ndi mphamvu ya minofu ya mwendo. Mpweya wa wolandila umapopedwa ndi kompresa, yomwe imalandira mphamvu kuchokera ku injini. Ndipo dalaivala, kukanikiza chopondapo ananyema, amangotsegula valavu, amene amagawira mpweya umayenda m'misewu.
Valve yogawa mu dongosolo la pneumatic imayendetsa kupanikizika komwe kumatumizidwa ku zipinda za brake. Chifukwa cha izi, kukakamiza kwa mapadi ku ng'oma kumayendetsedwa.
Kuthamanga kwakukulu mu mizere ya mpweya wa mpweya nthawi zambiri sikudutsa 10-12 atmospheres. Uku ndiko kukakamiza komwe wolandila amapangidwira. Komabe, kukanikiza kwa mapadi ku ng'oma ndikokwera kwambiri. Kulimbitsa kumachitika mu nembanemba (kawirikawiri - pisitoni) zipinda pneumatic, amene kuika kukakamiza pa pads.
Pneumatic brake system pagalimoto yonyamula anthu ndiyosowa. Ma pneumatics ayamba kuwoneka mochuluka pamagalimoto ogwiritsira ntchito kapena magalimoto ang'onoang'ono. Nthawi zina mabuleki a pneumatic amafanana ndi ma hydraulic, ndiye kuti, makinawo amakhala ndi mabwalo awiri osiyana, omwe amasokoneza kapangidwe kake, koma amawonjezera kudalirika kwa mabuleki.
