Mawilo - mawilo ndi matayala amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Volkswagen Polo sedan magalimoto, mmene kusankha iwo molondola

Ndikudabwa chomwe galimoto yamakono ingachite popanda matayala odalirika a rabara ndi kuwala, koma amphamvu, ma rimu? Ayenera kuphunzira kuuluka. Zoonadi, liwiro, chitonthozo ndi chitetezo chakuyenda m'misewu zimadalira mawilo omwe amaikidwa pagalimoto. Ngati ife kuganizira peculiarities pamwamba pa msewu Russian, n'zoonekeratu chifukwa oyendetsa Russian ayenera kusankha matayala bwino ndi kusintha matayala pa magalimoto awo mu nthawi. Sikuti maonekedwe a galimoto amadalira ubwino ndi kulemera kwa ma disks, komanso kulimba kwa mphira ndi kuyimitsidwa.

Zomwe muyenera kudziwa musanasankhe mawilo a Volkswagen Polo?

Mtundu wamagalimoto aku Germany kuchokera ku nkhawa ya VAG, yopangidwa ku Russia, yapeza mafani ambiri. Pamodzi ndi zovuta zina, Volkswagen Polo ili ndi zabwino zambiri. Izi zikuphatikizapo monga mtengo wotsika wa galimoto ndi galimotoyo, kutengera misewu Russian. Mawilo ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za galimotoyo, kupereka kukhudzana odalirika ndi msewu pamwamba ndi kufewa zabwino. Zigawo za gudumu lamakono ndi mphete, tayala ndi kapu yokongoletsera (posankha). Zigawozi ziyenera kugwirizana ndikukwaniritsa zomwe wopanga galimotoyo akufuna.

Zovala zoyambira zamagudumu a VW zimasiyanitsidwa ndi logo ya nkhawa yomwe ili mu kapu yama wheel hub.

Zonse za magudumu

Kuti galimotoyo izichita bwino pamsewu, m'pofunika kuti mipiringidzo igwirizane ndi zoyimitsidwa zomwe zimayikidwa mumtundu wina wa galimoto. Magalimoto amakono amathamanga pamitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya magudumu: mawilo achitsulo ndi aloyi. Momwemonso, gulu la ma aloyi opepuka limagawidwa kukhala opangidwa ndi opangidwa.

Makhalidwe a mawilo achitsulo

Mitundu yambiri ya bajeti imasiya mafakitale pazitsulo zachitsulo. Amapangidwa ndi kupondaponda kuchokera pazitsulo zachitsulo, ndikutsatiridwa ndi kuwotcherera magawo awiri - mbale ndi mkombero. Kuipa kwakukulu kwazinthu zoterezi:

1. Kulemera kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi mawilo a alloy. Izi zimasokoneza magwiridwe antchito agalimoto.
2. Kukana kofooka kwa dzimbiri, komwe kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ma disc okhala ndi zokutira zopangidwa ndi electrophoresis pogwiritsa ntchito enamel.
3. Maonekedwe osasangalatsa, kusalinganika bwino chifukwa cha zolakwika pakupanga.

Mawilo achitsulo alinso ndi zabwino, kuphatikiza:

1. Mtengo wotsika chifukwa cha kuphweka kwa teknoloji yopangira.
2. Mkulu mphamvu ndi ductility. Pansi pa zochitika zakunja, ma disks samasweka, koma amapunduka. Izi zimathandizira chitetezo chagalimoto.
3. Kutha kuthetsa ma deformations panthawi ya zovuta. Njira yopukusa imatha kuthetsa mano, komanso kuwotcherera ming'alu yaying'ono.

Magalimoto a VW Polo okhala ndi milingo ya Trendline ndi Comfortline ali ndi zitsulo zachitsulo

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mawilo a aloyi

Amapangidwa kuchokera ku aluminiyamu yopepuka komanso ma aloyi a magnesium. Kulemera kochepa kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakugwira ntchito kwa kuyimitsidwa m'dera la misa yake yosasunthika. Zing'onozing'ono izi, bwino kusamalira galimoto ndi kuyankha kwa kuyimitsidwa kwa tokhala ndi maenje mumsewu pamwamba. Chifukwa chake, zabwino zazikulu za odzigudubuza komanso opangira ma aloyi opepuka:

• kulemera kopepuka;
• kuzirala kwabwino kwa ma disks oboola chifukwa cha mpweya wabwino;
• kulinganiza kwakukulu, kumathandizira kulinganiza bwino;
• kukana bwino kwa dzimbiri kupangidwa ndi filimu ya aluminiyamu woipa pamwamba pa ma disks;
• mawonekedwe abwino, amakulolani kuchita popanda zisoti.

Zoyipa zazikulu za mawilo a alloy:

• brittleness chifukwa cha granular dongosolo la zinthu;
• mtengo wapamwamba poyerekeza ndi odzigudubuza zitsulo.

Chotsalira chachikulu ndi fragility, mawilo opangidwa amachotsedwa. Ndiwopepuka komanso olimba kwambiri, osagawanika kapena kusweka akamenyedwa. Koma muyenera kulipira izi ndi mtengo wokwera wa ma rink awa. Zomwe zili bwino potengera "makhalidwe amtengo wapatali" ndi mawilo a aluminiyamu opepuka. Iwo ndi otchuka kwambiri ndi oyendetsa Russian.

Magnesium rollers ndi amphamvu kuposa aluminiyamu koma amawononga ndalama zambiri

Kulemba

Kuti musankhe mphete yoyenera, muyenera kudziwa momwe imalembedwera. Kwa mitundu yonse ya ma rinks pali chizindikiro chimodzi. Mwachitsanzo, tiyeni titenge chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za gudumu la aloyi loyambirira la VW Polo - 5Jx14 ET35 PCD 5 × 100 DIA 57.1. Choncho:

1. Kuphatikizika 5J - woyamba manambala 5 amatanthauza m'lifupi litayamba, anasonyeza mainchesi. Kalata J imadziwitsa za mawonekedwe a mbiri ya ma flanges a disc. Mawilo oyambira a VW Polo amathanso kukhala mainchesi 6 m'lifupi. Nthawi zina polembapo pakhoza kukhala chilembo W kutsogolo kwa nambala.
2. Nambala 14 ndi mainchesi a disc, owonetsedwa mu mainchesi. Kwa galimoto yomweyi, imatha kukhala yosiyana, chifukwa mtengowu umadalira kukula kwa tayala lokwera. Zolemba zina zimalola chilembo R patsogolo pa nambala.
3. ET 35 - disk offset. Imayimira mtunda kuchokera ku ndege ya chojambulira chimbale kupita ku ndege ya symmetry ya m'mphepete mwake, yowonetsedwa mu millimeters. Malingana ndi mapangidwe, overhang ikhoza kukhala yabwino kapena yoipa. Mu ma disks a Volkswagen Polo, overhang ndi 35, 38 kapena 40 mm.
4. PCD 5 × 100 - chiwerengero ndi m'mimba mwake, zofotokozedwa mu millimeters, kumene mabowo okwera mabawuti. Mabowo 5 amabowoleredwa mu ma disks a VAG, omwe amakhala mozungulira mozungulira ndi mainchesi a 100 mm. Parameter iyi imatchedwanso bolt pattern.
5. DIA 57.1 ndiye m'mimba mwake wa thumba lapakati pa gudumu, lomwe limawonetsedwa mamilimita. Nthawi zina zimawonetsedwa polemba ndi chilembo D. Kwa Volkswagen Polo, kukula kwa dzenje lapakati pa disk sikungakhale zosachepera 51.7 mm. Kupatuka kokwera pang'ono ndikololedwa.
6. H (HAMP) - kumasuliridwa kumatanthauza chingwe kapena hillock. Zimasonyeza kukhalapo kwa makolala ofunikira kuti muteteze mikanda ya matayala opanda ma tubeless. Pamene lug imodzi ilipo, parameter iyi ikuwonetsedwa ngati H. Ngati pali zingwe ziwiri, zomwe ndizofunikira kukhazikitsa matayala a RunFlat okhala ndi zitsulo zolimba, ndiye kuti chizindikirocho chiyenera kukhala H2.

Matayala opanda machubu amatha kukhazikitsidwa pamiyala yokhala ndi HAMP

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pamene disk offset imasintha, machitidwe opangira magawo onse oyimitsidwa amasintha. Chifukwa chake, musapitirire zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa ndi automaker. Podziwa zomwe zizindikiro za chimbale zimatanthauza, mukhoza kupewa kusankha zolakwika pogula mawilo a Volkswagen Polo.

Zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza matayala

Tayala la gudumu ndi chinthu chovuta komanso chogwira ntchito zambiri. Rubber ayenera kupereka:

• kukhudzana bwino ndi pamwamba pa msewu;
• kuwongolera magalimoto odalirika;
• imayenera mathamangitsidwe ndi braking galimoto.

Zimachokera kumalo otsetsereka kuti patency ya galimotoyo m'madera osauka a msewu, komanso kugwiritsira ntchito mafuta ndi chikhalidwe cha phokoso lopangidwa panthawi yoyendayenda, zimadalira. Matayala amakono amasiyana m’njira zingapo:

• diagonal ndi ma radial, okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana;
• chipinda ndi tubeless, ndi zosankha zosiyanasiyana kuti asindikize malo amkati;
• chilimwe, chisanu, nyengo yonse, kudutsa dziko, malingana ndi chitsanzo ndi mawonekedwe a treadmill.

Zojambula

Masiku ano, matayala a radial akuchuluka pamsika, matayala a diagonal pafupifupi samapangidwa konse chifukwa cha mapangidwe awo akale komanso moyo waufupi wautumiki. Kusiyanitsa kwapangidwe kumabwera chifukwa cha malo a chingwe chachitsulo, chomwe chimapereka mphamvu ya rabara ndi kusinthasintha. Chingwe ndi ulusi woonda wopangidwa ndi viscose, makatoni kapena thonje. Pakupanga kwawo, waya wocheperako wachitsulo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Nkhaniyi ikukhala yotchuka kwambiri ndi opanga ndi oyendetsa galimoto.

Njira zamakono zamakono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matayala

M'munsimu muli makhalidwe a zigawo zikuluzikulu za matayala radial:

1. Chimango ndicho chigawo chachikulu chomwe chimalandira katundu kuchokera kunja ndikulipiritsa kuthamanga kwa mpweya m'matumbo kuchokera mkati. Ubwino wa chimango umatsimikizira mphamvu za malo otsetsereka. Ndi chingwe cha rubberized, chomwe chimayikidwa mumagulu amodzi kapena angapo.
2. Breaker ndi gawo loteteza lomwe lili pakati pa nyama ndi popondapo. Imateteza dongosolo lonse kuti lisawonongeke, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu, komanso imalepheretsa kufalikira kwa chimango. Amakhala ndi zigawo za waya wachitsulo, danga lomwe lili ndi mphira wochita kupanga.
3. Woteteza ndi wosanjikiza wosanjikiza womwe uli kunja. Imalumikizana ndi msewu, kusamutsa mphamvu kwa iyo panthawi yothamanga komanso kuthamanga. Pamwamba pake pali mawonekedwe a mpumulo wophimbidwa ndi ma grooves opangidwa ndi ma protrusions. Maonekedwe ndi kuya kwa chitsanzo ichi kumatsimikizira mikhalidwe yomwe tayala imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino (matayala achilimwe, nyengo yozizira kapena nyengo yonse). Woteteza mbali zonse ziwiri amatha ndi mini-sidewalls kapena mapewa.
4. Sidewall - mbali ya tayala, yomwe ili pakati pa mapewa ndi mkanda. Nthawi zambiri amalembedwa. Amakhala ndi chimango ndi mphira wocheperako womwe umateteza ku zikoka zakunja ndi chinyezi.
5. Malo otsetsereka ndi omwe ali ndi udindo womanga pamphepete ndikusindikiza malo amkati ngati otsetsereka alibe machubu. Mu gawo lolimbali, chingwe cha nyama chimakutidwa ndi mphete yopangidwa ndi waya wachitsulo. Pamwamba pa mphete iyi, chingwe chodzaza mphira chimatseka, chomwe chimapereka kusintha kosinthika kuchokera ku mphete yolimba kupita ku rabara yofewa yam'mbali.

Monga mukuonera, chipangizo cha matayala amakono ndi chovuta kwambiri. Ndizovuta izi, zomwe ndi zotsatira za zaka zambiri za kufufuza, kuyesa ndi zolakwika, zomwe zimapereka chithandizo chachikulu chogwiritsira ntchito rabara - makilomita oposa 100 zikwi.

Kulemba matayala

Labala yopangidwa ku Europe imayikidwa motsatira muyezo umodzi. Kufotokozera, tidzagwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro cha mtundu umodzi wa matayala omwe adayikidwa pa Volkswagen Polo conveyor sedan - 195/55 R15 85H:

• 195 - tayala mbiri m'lifupi, anasonyeza millimeters;
• 55 - chiŵerengero cha kutalika kwa m'lifupi mwa mbiri mu peresenti, pamene kuwerengera kutalika ndi 107.25 mm;
• R ndi chilolezo chopereka chidziŵitso chokhudza kakonzedwe ka ma radial a zingwe;
• 15 - disk rim awiri mainchesi;
• 85 - mtengo wa index yosonyeza kulemera kwa tayala 515 kg;
• H ndi index yomwe imatsimikizira kuthamanga kwambiri kwa 210 km / h komwe gudumu limatha kuyendetsedwa.

Kuphatikiza pa miyeso, magawo enanso ofunikira amawonetsedwa pammbali.

Pamodzi ndi mawonekedwe omwe ali pamwambapa, pakhoza kukhala zowunikira:

1. Mlungu ndi chaka chotulutsa, monga mndandanda wa manambala 4. Awiri oyambirira amatanthauza sabata, ena onse - chaka chotulutsidwa.
2. Kulimbikitsidwa - kumatanthauza mtundu wolimbikitsidwa wa mphira.
3. Kunja - kulembedwa uku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kunja kwa matayala okhala ndi mawonekedwe opondaponda asymmetric, kuti asasokonezedwe pakuyika.
4. M&S - matayala ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamatope kapena chipale chofewa.
5. R + W - yopangidwira kuyendetsa m'misewu m'nyengo yozizira (msewu + yozizira).
6. AW - yopangidwira nyengo iliyonse.

M'malo molemba za nyengo, matayala amatha kulembedwa ndi zizindikiro (mvula, ma snowflakes). Kuphatikiza apo, dzina lachidziwitso ndi mtundu wa tayala, komanso dziko lopangidwa, zimasindikizidwa pamakoma am'mbali.

Kodi mawilo oyenera Volkswagen Polo sedan, kusankha mawilo ndi matayala

The automaker anaika mitundu itatu ya zimbale pa Volkswagen Polo sedan magalimoto: kusindikizidwa ndi kapu 14 "ndi 15", komanso kuwala aloyi 15".

Mawilo achitsulo amabwera ndi zipewa zokongoletsa

Mawilo a aloyi ndi gawo la phukusi la Highline's premium. Amabwera ndi matayala okhala ndi makulidwe 195/55 R15 ndi 185/60 R15. Mawilo achitsulo 6Jx15 ET38 amaphatikizidwa ndi zida zamagalimoto a Comfortline ndipo amalumikizidwa ndi matayala 185/60 R15. Mawilo a Highline nawonso ndi oyenera kusinthidwa uku. Mndandanda wa bajeti wa Polo Trendline uli ndi mawilo achitsulo 14-inch okha ndi mawilo 175/70 R14.

Kwa magalimoto opangidwa isanafike 2015, mawilo otsatirawa a VAG ndi oyenera:

• 6RU6010258Z8-6Jx15H2 ET 40 Riverside, mtengo - kuchokera ku 13700 rubles. ndi apamwamba;
• Mtengo wa 6R0601025BD8Z8-6Jx15H2 ET 40 Estrada, mtengo - kuchokera ku 13650 rubles;
• Mtengo wa 6R0601025AK8Z8-6Jx15H2 ET 40 Spokane, mtengo - kuchokera ku ruble 13800;
• 6C0601025F88Z-6Jx15H2 ET 40 Novara, mtengo - kuchokera 11 zikwi rubles.

Khodi yoyamba pamndandanda ndi nambala yamakatalogu. Ngati Polo sedan idatulutsidwa pambuyo pa 2015, mutha kuwonjezera zotsatirazi pama disks omwe ali pamwambapa:

• 6C06010258Z8–6Jx15H2 ET 40 Tosa, kuchokera ku ruble 12600 ndi zina;
• 6C0601025LFZZ-6Jx15H2 ET 40 5/100 Linas, mtengo wotsika - 12500 rubles.

Pa ntchito yozizira, automaker amalimbikitsa 5Jx14 ET 35 mawilo ndi matayala 175/70 R14.

Kusankha mawilo osakhala apachiyambi

Msika waku Russia umapereka zoyendetsa zambiri kuchokera kwa opanga gulu lachitatu. Mwachitsanzo, mawilo a aloyi opangidwa ku Russia 5Jx14 ET35 angagulidwe pamtengo wa ma ruble 2800 pa chidutswa chimodzi. Kukula 1Jx6 H15 ET 2, yopangidwa ku Russia, idzawononga pang'ono, kuchokera ku 40 rubles.

Eni galimoto amene akufuna kusintha maonekedwe a galimoto yawo, kugula mawilo aloyi ndi rims lonse, mpaka mainchesi 7 mulifupi. M'mphepete mwake mulinso mainchesi 17, koma muyenera kunyamula mphira wocheperako. Mtundu wa bawuti uyenera kukhala wofanana - 5/100 kapena 5x100. Kuzungulira kwa dzenje lapakati la DIA kuyenera kufanana ndi koyambirira (57.1mm) kapena kukulirapo pang'ono, koma kokwanira ndi mphete zokhazikitsidwa kuti zithandizire kuthetsa kusiyana kwa mainchesi a likulu ndi bowo la disc.

Ma overhangs akulu kuposa 40 amapewa bwino, ngakhale ma rimu akulu nawonso amagwira ntchito. Wopanga magalimoto amalimbikitsa kuti asachite izi, chifukwa katundu pa chassis adzasintha, galimotoyo idzachitanso mosiyana. Ndi chowonjezera chokulirapo, matayala adzakhala ozama, njira yamagudumu idzakhala yaying'ono. Pali chowopsa kuti potembenuka, mphirayo amakumana ndi cholumikizira chakutsogolo. Ndi chotsitsa chaching'ono, matayala amayenda panja. Ndi kusintha koteroko, muyenera kusankha mosamala kukula kwa matayala.

Ma diski opangidwa ndi China omwe sanali opangidwa ndi China ndi otsika mtengo, koma amataya mawonekedwe awo mwachangu, ndipo kulimba kwawo kumakhala kotsika.

Kusankhidwa kwa matayala a galimoto pamsika ndi kwakukulu. Pali otsetsereka kupanga Russian ndi akunja, amene amasiyana kwambiri khalidwe, mtunda ndi mtengo. Kuti muyendetse bwino, mwiniwake aliyense wagalimoto waku Russia ayenera kukhala ndi seti ziwiri - matayala achilimwe ndi chisanu.

Ngati mukufuna kugula matayala achilimwe a mawilo a 14- kapena 15-inch omwe angagwirizane ndi Volkswagen Polo sedan, mutha kusankha kuchokera kuzinthu zambiri. Mtengo umayamba, pafupifupi, kuchokera ku ma ruble 3 iliyonse. Wopanga wotchuka kwambiri, amakwera mtengo. Mwachitsanzo, mitengo ya matayala a Bridgestone amitundu yosiyanasiyana amayambira pa ma ruble 4500. Matayala achisanu amagulitsidwa pamtengo womwewo.

Mtengo wa matayala a Michelin umayamba pa 5300 rubles

Video: momwe mungasankhire mawilo agalimoto

https://youtube.com/watch?v=dTVPAYWyfvg

Kanema: njira zopangira matayala achilimwe agalimoto

https://youtube.com/watch?v=6lQufRWMN9g

Video: kusankha matayala m'nyengo yozizira pagalimoto yanu

https://youtube.com/watch?v=JDGAyfEh2go

Ndemanga za eni magalimoto amtundu wina wa matayala ndi mawilo

Matayala agalimoto a Hankook ndi matayala abwino. Ine ndi mkazi wanga tinayenda pa matayala kuchokera kwa wopanga uyu kwa nyengo 6 (kasupe, chilimwe, autumn). Mwina 55 zikwi anathamangitsa, masuku pamutu zinthu zosiyanasiyana - kuzungulira mzindawo ndi kunja kwa mzinda. Nthawi zambiri, timakondwera ndi matayala awa, ali ngati atsopano. Mwa njira, rabala ya Kama inali yokwanira kwa nyengo ziwiri zokha. Phokoso la mphira pang'ono, lofewa, msewu wogwira mwanzeru.

Jasstin84, Cherepovets

https://otzovik.com/review_6076157.html

Matayala a chilimwe a Bridgestone Turanza, mainchesi 15 m'mimba mwake, adalangizidwa kwa ine zaka 5 zapitazo ndi mwiniwake wodziwika bwino wa matayala ndi mawu akuti ndi odalirika kwambiri. Kenako sindinamvetse bwino zinthu zimenezi, choncho ndinadalira maganizo a katswiri. Zinapezeka kuti zonse zinali zoona. Patapita nthawi, ndinachita ngozi. Galimoto yomwe inakhotera kumanzere sinandilole kudutsa m’mphambanoyo, inandigunda m’mbali n’kundiponyera m’mphepete mwa msewu. Sindinawuluke pang'ono polowera kumaloto. Pautumiki wamagalimoto, pambuyo pake anandiuza kuti matayala ofewa sakanapulumuka ulendo woterewu. Choyipa chokha chomwe ndapeza ndi phokoso la rabara iyi.

rem_kai

http://irecommend.ru/content/mne-ponravilis-188

Matayala agalimoto a Michelin Energy Saver - nditagwiritsa ntchito matayala a Michelin, sindingathe kusinthana ndi ena. Ubwino: imapangitsa kuti msewu ukhale woipa, supanga phokoso, sumva kuvala. Zoipa: mtengo wapamwamba, koma umagwirizana ndi khalidwe. Kusunga msewu ndikwabwino, ngakhale nyengo yamvula. Ndikusintha mobwerezabwereza, nyengo isanayambe komanso ikatha ntchito ya matayala, nthawi iliyonse amanena kuti pakati pa matayala ndinasankha bwino.

Neulovimaya, Minsk

https://otzovik.com/review_5139785.html

Ma disks a Wheel Volkswagen Polo sedan R15. Ubwino: otetezeka, amatha kupitilira chaka chimodzi. Kuipa: Kusawoneka bwino. Mawilo oyambirira 6Jx15 H2 ET 38. Zolemera zolemera kwambiri (kuphatikizapo matayala a Pirelli) 20-25 magalamu - abwino, koma osati abwino. Chachikulu ndichakuti itatha nyengo yachisanu, dzimbiri lamoto lidawonekera m'mphepete mwa nthiti ya disc.

Wogula 68, St

http://otzovik.com/review_3245502.html

Momwe mungatetezere mawilo a Volkswagen Polo ku kuba

Sikuti mwini galimoto aliyense angathe kusunga galimoto yake m’galaja kapena pamalo oimikapo magalimoto olipidwa. Anthu ambiri okhala m'mizinda yayikulu amakakamizika kusiya magalimoto awo m'malo osatetezedwa - m'malo oimika magalimoto pafupi ndi nyumba. Tsoka ilo, magalimoto otere ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chobedwa kapena kuba. Imodzi mwa njira zothandiza kwambiri zotetezera mawilo anu kuti asabedwe ndikugula ma bolts.

Maloko ena amagulitsidwa ndi mapulagi omwe ndi ovuta kuchotsa popanda chida chapadera.

Ndi bwino kugula maloko a mawonekedwe ovuta omwe amatha kumizidwa kwathunthu kapena pang'ono mu diski yotayira. Zidzakhala zovuta kuyandikira bawuti yachinsinsi yoteroyo ndi kiyi kapena chisel. Maboti achinsinsi oyambira, opangidwa ndi VAG, okhala ndi nambala ya 5Q0698137, amawononga ma ruble 2300. Amakwanira mawilo onse oyambirira - onse osindikizidwa ndi oponyedwa. Zinsinsi zopangidwa ndi Germany kuchokera ku McGard, Heyner ndi ADL zatsimikizira bwino.

Eni galimoto ya Volkswagen Polo, atawerenga zomwe zili pamwambazi, amatha kusankha mawilo ndi matayala pamagalimoto awo okha. Pakati pazopereka zambiri, simuyenera kulabadira zinthu zotsika mtengo, chifukwa mtundu wawo ndi zida zogwiritsira ntchito zimasiya zomwe mukufuna. Osati kukwera chitonthozo chokha, komanso kusamalira ndi chitetezo cha galimoto mu nyengo yovuta kumadalira mawilo osankhidwa bwino, apamwamba kwambiri.