Momwe mungasinthire chingwe choyambira

Ma relay oyambira ndi olakwika ngati pali vuto loyambitsa injini, choyambira chimakhalabe chikugwira ntchito pambuyo poyambira, kapena kumveka phokoso kumachokera koyambira.

The starter relay, yomwe imadziwika kuti starter solenoid, ndi gawo la galimoto yomwe imasintha mphamvu yamagetsi yayikulu kupita ku choyambira poyang'ana mphamvu yamagetsi yaying'ono yomwe imayendetsa injiniyo. Mphamvu yake ndi yosadziwika bwino ndi ya transistor, kupatula kuti imagwiritsa ntchito electromagnetic solenoid m'malo mwa semiconductor kuti iberekenso kusinthanitsa. M'magalimoto ambiri, solenoid imalumikizidwanso ndi zida zoyambira ndi zida za mphete za injini.

Ma relay onse oyambira ndi ma electromagnets osavuta, okhala ndi koyilo ndi zida zachitsulo zodzaza masika. Pamene panopa ikudutsa pa coil yotumizirana, zida zimasuntha, ndikuwonjezera zamakono. Pamene magetsi azimitsidwa, zida zankhondo zimachita mgwirizano.

Muzoyambira zoyambira, fungulo likatembenuzidwira pakuyatsa kwagalimoto, kuyenda kwa zida kumatseka zolumikizira zolemetsa zomwe zimakhala ngati mlatho pakati pa batri ndi choyambira. Kuti choyambira chizigwira ntchito bwino, chiyenera kulandira mphamvu zokwanira kuchokera ku batri. Mabatire ocheperako, zolumikizira zimbiri, ndi zingwe za batire zowonongeka zingalepheretse choyambira kuti chisapeze mphamvu zokwanira kuti zigwire bwino ntchito.

Izi zikachitika, kudina kumamveka nthawi zambiri kiyi yoyatsira ikatsegulidwa. Chifukwa ili ndi magawo osuntha, choyambira chokhacho chimatha kulepheranso pakapita nthawi. Izi zikakanika, kuyatsa sikumveka pamene kiyi yoyatsira itsegulidwa.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya zoyambira zoyambira: ma relay amkati oyambira ndi ma relay akunja oyambira. Zoyambira zoyambira zamkati zimapangidwira poyambira. Relay ndi chosinthira chokhazikitsidwa kunja kwa nyumba yoyambira m'nyumba yake. Nthawi zambiri choyambitsa chikalephera, nthawi zambiri chimakhala choyambitsa chomwe chimalephera, osati zida kapena zida.

Zoyambira zoyambira kunja ndizosiyana ndi zoyambira. Nthawi zambiri amayikidwa pamwamba pa fender kapena pamoto wamoto. Mtundu woterewu woyambira umayendetsedwa molunjika kuchokera ku batri ndipo umagwira ntchito ndi kiyi kuyambira poyambira. Kupatsirana koyambira kwakunja kumagwira ntchito mofananamo monga momwe zimayambira mkati; komabe, kukana kwina kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kumadera. Pali mawaya ochokera ku choyambira chakunja kupita ku choyambira chomwe chingapangitse kutentha kowonjezera ngati waya ndi kukula kolakwika.

Komanso, zoyambira zoyambira kunja nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavuta kuzipeza kuti wina athe kulumikiza ulalo wa fuse ku chokulitsa cha stereo. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabwino; komabe, chilimbikitso chikagwira ntchito ndipo choyambira chimakhala chogwira ntchito, cholumikizira chikhoza kupanga kutentha kwambiri, kuwononga malo olumikizirana mkati ndikupangitsa kuti choyambira chisagwire ntchito.

Zizindikiro za kuyipa koyambira koyipa kumaphatikizapo vuto loyambitsa galimoto, choyambira chimakhalabe injini ikayamba, komanso kumveka phokoso lochokera koyambira. Nthawi zina choyambira chimakhalabe champhamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zida zoyambira zizikhalabe ndi zida za mphete ya injini ngakhale injini imadzizungulira yokha. Kuphatikiza apo, kukhudzana ndi zimbiri kungapereke kukana kwakukulu kwa relay, kuteteza kugwirizana kwabwino kwa relay.

Zizindikiro za kuwala kwa injini zokhudzana ndi zoyambira zoyambira pamagalimoto oyendetsedwa ndi makompyuta:

p0615, p0616

Gawo 1 la 4: Kuyang'ana Mkhalidwe wa Starter Relay

Zida zofunika

• Soda yophika
• wa madzi

Gawo 1: Yesani kuyambitsa injini. Kuti muchite izi, ikani kiyi mu chosinthira choyatsira ndikuchitembenuzira pamalo oyambira.

Pali mawu atatu osiyanasiyana omwe amatha kupatsirana pomwe choyambira chikulephereka: choyambira chikudina m'malo mongoyambira, kugaya mokweza kwa zida zoyambira kumakhalabe, ndipo phokoso la injini limayamba pang'onopang'ono.

Mwinamwake mudamvapo phokoso limodzi pamene choyambitsa chinalephera. Maphokoso onse atatu amatha kumveka pomwe choyambira chasungunula zolumikizira mkati.

Ngati zolumikizanazo zasungunuka mkati mwa choyambira, dinani pang'onopang'ono poyesa kuyambitsa injini. Mukayesa kuyambitsanso injini, injiniyo imatha kugwedezeka pang'onopang'ono poyambitsa. Zolumikizana zosungunuka zimatha kusunga zida zoyambira kukhudzana ndi zida za mphete zitayamba.

2: Chotsani chivundikiro cha gulu la fuse, ngati chilipo.. Pezani fuse yoyambira yoyambira ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ili bwino.

Ngati fusesi iwombedwa, m'malo mwake, koma musayese kuyambitsa galimoto popanda kuyang'ana mayendedwe oyambira.

Khwerero 3: Yang'anani pa batri ndikuyang'ana ma terminals. Kulumikizana koyipa kwa batire kumayambitsa zizindikiro za kuyambika koyipa koyambira.

• Chenjerani: Ngati mabatire achita dzimbiri, ayeretseni musanapitirize kuyesa. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito soda ndi madzi osakanizidwa kuti muyeretse batire la dzimbiri. Komanso, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito burashi yomaliza kuti muchotse zimbiri zolimba. Ngati mutero, valani magalasi oteteza.

Khwerero 4: Yang'anani materminal ndi ma chingwe olumikizirana poyambira ndi poyambira nyumba.. Mapeto otayirira a terminal akuwonetsa kulumikizana kotseguka mkati mwa choyambira.

Zingwe zotayirira zimayambitsa mavuto ndi dera loyambira ndikupanga zomwe sizingachitike.

Khwerero 5: Yang'anani jumper pa relay yamkati yoyambira.. Onetsetsani kuti sichiwotcha ndipo onetsetsani kuti waya waung'ono kuchokera pa choyatsira sichikumasuka.

Gawo 2 la 4: Kuyesa Battery ndi Starter Relay Circuit

Zida zofunika

• Choyesa chojambulira batri
• DVOM (digito volt/ohmmeter)
• Magalasi otetezera
• Sun Vat-40 / Ferret-40 (Mwasankha)
• Woyambira Jumper

1: Valani magalasi anu. Osagwira ntchito pafupi kapena pafupi ndi batri popanda chitetezo chamaso.

Gawo 2 Lumikizani Sun Vat-40 kapena Ferret-40 ku batri.. Tembenuzani konopo ndikuyitanitsa batire ku 12.6 volts.

Batire iyenera kukhala ndi chaji yopitilira 9.6 volts.

Khwerero 3: Yesaninso batire ndi Sun Vat-40 kapena Ferret-40.. Tembenuzani konopo ndikuyitanitsa batire ku 12.6 volts.

Batire iyenera kukhala ndi chaji yopitilira 9.6 volts.

Ngati mphamvu ya batri ili pansi pa 12.45 volts musanayiyike, muyenera kulipiritsa batire mpaka itayimitsidwa. Mtengo wathunthu ndi 12.65 volts, ndipo 75 peresenti ndi 12.45 volts.

• Kupewa: Osayesa batire kwa masekondi opitilira 10, apo ayi batire ikhoza kulephera kapena kutulutsa asidi. Dikirani masekondi 30 pakati pa kuyesa kuti batire izizire.

• ChenjeraniA: Ngati mulibe Sun Vat-40 kapena Ferret-40, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito choyesa chilichonse cha batri.

Khwerero 4: Lumikizani sensor inductive. Lumikizani chojambula chodzidzimutsa (waya wa amp) kuchokera ku Sun Vat-40 kapena Ferret-40 kupita ku chingwe choyambira.

Uwu ndiye waya wochokera ku batri kupita koyambira.

Khwerero 5: Kuyesa kuyatsa galimoto. Ndi Sun Vat-40 kapena Ferret-40 yakuyang'anani, tembenuzirani kiyi pamalo oyambira ndikuyesera kuyimitsa galimoto.

Onetsetsani kuti magetsi akutsika bwanji komanso kuchuluka kwazomwe zikuchitika. Lembani zowerengerazo kuti mufananize ndi zoikamo za fakitale. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chojambulira choyambira kuti mulambalale chosinthira choyatsira kuti muwonetsetse kuti chosinthira choyatsira chili bwino.

• ChenjeraniA: Ngati mulibe Sun Vat-40 kapena Ferret-40, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito DVOM, digito volt/ohmmeter, yokhala ndi chojambula chojambula (amp output) kuti muwone momwe chingwecho chikuyambira pa batire mpaka woyambira yekha. . Simungathe kuyang'ana kutsika kwamagetsi panthawi yoyeserera ndi DVOM.

Gawo 3 la 4: Kusintha kwa Starter Relay

Zida zofunika

• ma wrenches
• chokwawa
• Msuwachi wotayidwa
• DVOM (digito volt/ohmmeter)
• Jack
• Jack wayimirira
• Kupulumutsa batire la ma volt asanu ndi anayi
• Ratchet yokhala ndi ma metric ndi ma standard sockets
• Magalasi otetezera
• Chingwe chachitetezo
• Woyambira Jumper
• Terminal kuyeretsa burashi
• Zovuta zamagudumu

Khwerero 1: Imani galimoto yanu pamalo abwino, olimba.. Onetsetsani kuti kufala kuli paki (kwa kufala basi) kapena 1st gear (pamanja kufala).

2: Ikani zitsulo zamawilo mozungulira matayala otsala pansi.. Pankhaniyi, gudumu chocks kukulunga mawilo kutsogolo chifukwa kumbuyo kwa galimoto adzakwezedwa.

Ikani mabuleki oimika magalimoto kuti mutseke mawilo akumbuyo.

Gawo 3: Ikani batire la ma volt asanu ndi anayi mu choyatsira ndudu.. Izi zimathandizira kuti kompyuta yanu ikhale yatsopano komanso zosintha zanu kukhala zatsopano mgalimoto.

Ngati mulibe batire la ma volt asanu ndi anayi, palibe vuto.

Khwerero 4: Chotsani batire. Tsegulani chivundikiro chagalimoto ngati sichinatsegulidwe kale kuti mutsegule batire.

Chotsani chingwe chapansi pa batire yolakwika pozimitsa magetsi ku ma switch a zenera.

Khwerero 5: Kwezani galimoto. Yendetsani galimoto pamalo omwe mwasonyezedwa mpaka mawilo atachoka pansi.

Khwerero 6: Konzani ma jacks. Zoyimira za jack ziyenera kukhala pansi pa ma jacking point.

Tsitsani galimoto pa jacks. M'magalimoto ambiri amakono, ma jack stand attachment point ali pa weld pansi pazitseko pansi pagalimoto.

Pamayendedwe oyambira akunja:

Khwerero 7: Chotsani zomangira zomangirira ndi chingwe kuchokera pa relay kupita koyambira.. Onetsetsani kuti mwalemba chingwe.

Khwerero 8: Chotsani zomangira ndi chingwe kuchokera pa relay kupita ku batri.. Onetsetsani kuti mwalemba chingwe.

Khwerero 9: Chotsani zomangira ndi waya kuchokera pa relay kupita ku choyatsira choyatsira.. Osayiwala kulemba waya.

Khwerero 10 Chotsani mabawuti okwera omwe amateteza cholumikizira ku chotchingira kapena chowotcha moto.. Chotsani cholumikizira kubulaketi, ngati ilipo.

Pa relay yamkati yoyambira:

Khwerero 11: Gwirani creeper ndikulowa pansi pagalimoto.. Pezani choyambira cha injini.

Khwerero 12: Chotsani chingwe kuchokera ku relay kupita ku batri. Onetsetsani kuti mwalemba chingwe.

Khwerero 13: Lumikizani chingwe kuchokera panyumba yoyambira kupita ku block ya silinda.. Onetsetsani kuti mwalemba chingwe.

• Chenjerani: Osapita ndi mtundu chifukwa mawaya ambiri oyambira ndi akuda ndipo amatha kutalika kofanana.

Khwerero 14: Lumikizani waya wawung'ono kuchokera pa relay kupita ku choyatsira choyatsira.. Osayiwala kulemba waya.

Khwerero 15: Chotsani mabawuti oyambira.. Mitu ina ya bawuti imakutidwa ndi waya woteteza.

Muyenera kudula waya woteteza ndi odula m'mbali musanachotse mabawuti.

• Chenjerani: Mukachotsa choyambira, konzekerani injini. Ena oyambira amatha kulemera mpaka mapaundi 120 kutengera mtundu wagalimoto yomwe mukugwira nayo ntchito.

Khwerero 16: Chotsani choyambira ku injini.. Tengani choyambira ndikuchiyika pa benchi.

Khwerero 17: Chotsani zomangira zomangirira pa relay pa choyambira.. Chotsani chingwe.

Yang'anani momwe malo olumikizirana alili pomwe cholumikizira chalumikizidwa. Ngati zolumikizira zili bwino, mutha kuzitsuka ndi nsalu yopanda lint. Ngati zolumikizanazo zawonongeka, msonkhano woyambira uyenera kusinthidwa.

Pamayendedwe oyambira akunja:

Khwerero 18: Ikani Relay mu Bracket. Ikani ma bolts okwera kuti mutetezere relay ku fender kapena firewall.

Khwerero 19: Ikani zomangira zomwe zimateteza waya kuchokera pa relay kupita ku choyatsira moto..

Khwerero 20: Ikani chingwe ndikuyika wononga kuchokera pa relay kupita ku batri..

Khwerero 21: Ikani chingwe ndi khwekhwe wononga kuchokera pa relay mpaka poyambira..

Pa relay yamkati yoyambira:

Khwerero 22: Ikani cholumikizira chatsopano ku nyumba yoyambira.. Ikani zomangira zoyikira ndikulumikiza choyambira chatsopano ku choyambira.

Khwerero 23: Pukutsani choyambira ndikupita pansi pagalimoto nacho.. Ikani choyambira ku block ya silinda.

Khwerero 24: Ikani bawuti yoyikira kuti muteteze choyambira.. Mukugwira choyambira, ikani bolt ndi dzanja lanu lina kuti muteteze choyambira ku injini.

Bolt ikalowa, mutha kumasula choyambira ndipo chiyenera kukhalabe m'malo mwake.

Khwerero 25: Ikani ma bolt otsalawo. Chifukwa chake, choyambiracho chimamangirizidwa kwathunthu ku block ya silinda.

• Chenjerani: Ngati ma gaskets atagwa mutachotsa choyambira, abwezeretseni. Osawasiya m'malo. Komanso, ngati mutachotsa waya wotetezera pamitu ya bawuti, onetsetsani kuti mwayika waya watsopano wotetezera. Osasiya waya wachitetezo chifukwa mabawuti oyambira amatha kumasuka ndikugwa.

Khwerero 26: Ikani chingwe kuchokera pa injini ya injini kupita ku nyumba yoyambira..

Khwerero 27: Ikani chingwe kuchokera ku batri kupita ku positi yotumizira..

Khwerero 28: Ikani waya waung'ono kuchokera pa choyatsira choyatsira kupita ku relay..

Khwerero 29 Lumikizaninso chingwe chapansi ku batire yolakwika.. Chotsani fusesi ya ma volt asanu ndi anayi mu choyatsira ndudu.

Khwerero 30: Limbikitsani Battery Clamp. Onetsetsani kuti kulumikizana kuli bwino.

Ngati mulibe chosungira magetsi cha ma volt asanu ndi anayi, muyenera kukonzanso zosintha zonse m'galimoto yanu, monga wailesi, mipando yamagetsi, ndi magalasi amagetsi.

Khwerero 31: Kwezani galimoto. Yendetsani galimoto pamalo omwe mwasonyezedwa mpaka mawilo atachoka pansi.

Khwerero 32: Chotsani Jack Stands.

Khwerero 33: Tsitsani galimoto kuti mawilo onse anayi akhale pansi.. Tulutsani jack ndikuyika pambali.

Khwerero 34: Chotsani zitsulo zamagudumu.

Gawo 4 la 4: Yesani kuyendetsa galimoto

Khwerero 1: Lowetsani kiyi mu chosinthira choyatsira ndikuchitembenuzira pamalo oyambira.. Injini iyenera kuyamba bwino.

Gawo 2: Yendetsani galimoto mozungulira chipikacho. Panthawi yoyeserera, onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana ma geji a batri kapena magetsi a injini.

Ngati kuwala kwa injini kumabwera pambuyo posintha choyambira, makina oyambira angafunikire kuwunikanso zina kapena pangakhale vuto lamagetsi pagawo losinthira poyatsira. Ngati vutoli likupitirira, funsani mmodzi wa akatswiri ovomerezeka a "AvtoTachki" kuti alowe m'malo.