Momwe mungasankhire matayala achilimwe agalimoto yonyamula anthu - mawonekedwe a matayala, zomwe muyenera kusamala mukagula mphira
Zamkatimu
Kusankha matayala oyenera a chilimwe a galimoto yanu, muyenera kuganizira magawo ake. Ndikoyenera kumamatira kuzinthu zomwe zikulimbikitsidwa kuchokera kwa wopanga. Ngati sizikuwonedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, phokoso ndi kugwirizira msewu wagalimoto zitha kuipiraipira.
Kumapeto kwa nyengo yachisanu, matayala a galimoto ayenera kusinthidwa. Choncho, ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungasankhire matayala achilimwe. Ndikoyenera kudalira pa nkhaniyi pa makhalidwe a mankhwala ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, osati pa mtengo wake.
Mitundu ya matayala achilimwe
Ngati dalaivala amasamala za kusankha matayala m'nyengo yozizira, ndiye kuti nyengo yofunda nthawi zambiri amagula zinthu zotsika mtengo kapena kupitiriza kuyendetsa pa rabara yakale. Izi zitha kukhudza kuyendetsa bwino komanso kugwira kwa gudumu ndi msewu. Zitsanzo za m'nyengo yozizira zimakhalabe nthawi 2 mofulumira kuchokera kutentha. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kusankha matayala achilimwe agalimoto yonyamula anthu, ndikofunikira kudziwa mitundu yawo.
Njira
Muyezo woyendetsa galimoto m'misewu yambiri. Matayala ali ndi sipes enieni aatali omwe amachotsa msanga chinyontho m'mizere. Matayala amsewu amakhala chete ndipo amapereka chitonthozo chamayimbidwe pamaulendo ataliatali m'chilimwe.
Nyengo zonse
Ngati mukufuna kusankha matayala agalimoto m'chilimwe ndi nyengo yozizira, ndiye kuti chilengedwe chonse chidzachita. Amakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito apakatikati ndipo amangopangidwira nyengo zotentha popanda chisanu kapena kutentha. Iwo sali oyenera kuyendetsa pa ayezi ndi matalala otayirira.
Mitundu ya matayala agalimoto
Matayala anthawi zonse amakhalabe otanuka komanso amagwira pa kutentha mpaka -7 °C. Ngati minus ili pamwamba, ndiye kuti tayalalo limakhala dub ndipo limasiya kugwira.
Masewera
Zogulitsa zamtunduwu ndizodziwika pakati pa oyendetsa galimoto omwe amayendetsa mwaukali. Labala amapangidwa kuchokera kumagulu apadera a labala. Zida zolimba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga chingwe cha magudumu. Njira yodutsamo ndi yosavuta popanda kusokoneza:
- masamba ang'onoang'ono atali;
- nthiti yolimba yapakati;
- maukonde ang'onoang'ono a lamellas opingasa.
Chifukwa cha mapangidwe awa, kukhazikika kwabwino komanso kuwongolera panthawi yoyendetsa kwambiri kumatsimikizika.
Matayala amasewera
Koma palinso kuipa. Chifukwa cha kulimba kwa mapondedwe, kukwera bwino kumatheka kokha pa asphalt yosalala. Pamsewu, ngakhale ndi maenje ang'onoang'ono, gudumu limatenga zoopsa kwambiri ndipo silimalumikizana bwino ndi pamwamba.
makhalidwe a
Kusankha matayala oyenera a chilimwe a galimoto yanu, muyenera kuganizira magawo ake. Ndikoyenera kumamatira kuzinthu zomwe zikulimbikitsidwa kuchokera kwa wopanga.
Mafotokozedwe a matayala achilimwe
Ngati sizikuwonedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, kuchuluka kwa phokoso komanso kukhazikika kwagalimoto kungasinthe kwambiri.
Ponda
Cross-country patency, kukhazikika kwa ngodya, mphamvu, ngalande ndi kugwira pa njanji yonyowa zimadalira chitsanzo chake.
Symmetrical yopanda mbali
Standard matayala chitsanzo cha magalimoto a bajeti ndi gawo lapakati mtengo. Chikhalidwe chosiyana ndi chopondapo ndi mbali yofewa. Mapangidwe awa amapereka:
- mlingo wotsika wa phokoso lopangidwa;
- kuyenda mosalala pamwamba pa chinsalu;
- kuyendetsa bwino galimoto;
- kukana kwa hydroplaning;
- kukana bwino kuvala.
Wotetezayo siwoyenera kusasamala, ngakhale nthawi zambiri mankhwalawa amalembedwa ndi index yothamanga kwambiri. Matayala akhoza kuikidwa pa chimbale mbali iliyonse.
Asymmetric omnidirectional
Kuponda koteroko nthawi zambiri kumapezeka pamagalimoto amasewera chifukwa cha katundu wogwirizira ndi msewu pansi pa katundu wolemetsa. Chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti mbali zakunja ndi zamkati zimasiyana mosiyana ndi machitidwe othamanga.
Kugawika mwa njira yopondapo
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a asymmetric, imakwaniritsa:
- ngalande zabwino kwambiri za chinyezi kuchokera ku ngalande za ngalande ndi kukhazikika panjira yonyowa;
- kukhazikika kwa makina pamene akumakona ndi kuyendetsa.
Kuyika kwa chinthucho pa diski kumachitika mosamalitsa molingana ndi cholemba pamphepete mwa gudumu.
Symmetrical directional
Njira iyi ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamvula komanso kuthamanga kwambiri pamsewu wowuma. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake komanso ma hydroevacuation grooves, zimatsimikiziridwa:
- kuchotsedwa mwamsanga kwa chinyezi;
- bata pamisewu yonyowa;
- kukana hydroplaning;
- kuyankha mwachangu chiwongolero.
Asymmetric directional
Matayala okhala ndi chitsanzo ichi ndi osowa pamsika. Iwo ali m'gulu la mphira wokwera mtengo komanso wapamwamba kwambiri.
Ubwino waukulu:
- kugwira kodalirika kwa gudumu ndi phula lonyowa komanso lowuma;
- zodziwikiratu maneuverability.
Kuyika pa axle, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mbali yakumanja ndi yakumanzere kwa gudumu, kuwonetsa komwe akuzungulira.
Профиль
Ichi ndi chiŵerengero cha kutalika kwa mbali ya tayala ndi m'lifupi mwake. Malinga ndi madalaivala odziwa zambiri, mbiri yambiri ndi ya othamanga, ndipo yopapatiza ndi ya okonda kukwera modekha.
Mbiri ya matayala agalimoto
Koma palibe yankho lotsimikizika la funso ili, chifukwa zonse zimadalira kalembedwe ka galimoto ndi zokonda.
lonse
Chifukwa cha malo akuluakulu okhudzana, matayalawa ali ndi mtunda waufupi wa braking, kukana kwambiri kuvala komanso chiwerengero chosowa cha slip. Matayalawa ali ndi coefficient yayikulu yodzigudubuza, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mawilo otere amawonjezera mafuta.
Chingwe
Ubwino waukulu wa mbiriyi ndikuchotsa mwachangu chinyezi kuchokera ku lamellas ndikukana aquaplaning. Sikoyenera kuyendetsa mothamanga kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri kupondaponda kocheperako kumakhala kotsika mtengo nthawi 2-3 kuposa mnzake wamkulu.
Kuuma
Kuti musankhe matayala oyenera a chilimwe, muyenera kuganizira kufewa kwa mapangidwe awo. Kukhazikika kwapamwamba, moyo wautali wautumiki, umakhala wolimba kwambiri kukana kupsinjika, kutentha ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina. Matayalawa amagwira msewu bwino. Choncho, amaikidwa ndi madalaivala omwe amakonda kuyendetsa galimoto.
Kukhazikika kwa matayala agalimoto
Choyipa chachikulu cha mphira wolimba ndi kusanja bwino. Kuwomba kwa maenje ndi mabampu pamsewu kudzamveka ndi dalaivala ndi okwera. Kuonjezera apo, phokoso lopangidwa kuchokera kumapiko a magudumu lidzasokoneza nyimbo ndi interlocutor mu kanyumba.
Kukula kwakukulu
Ndikofunikira kusankha magawo oyenerera a gudumu malinga ndi malingaliro a wopanga. Chidziwitsochi chili mu kufotokozera kwaumisiri kwa galimotoyo, pa mzati wa chitseko cha dalaivala ndi mkati mwa chiwombankhanga cha gasi.
Chizindikiro 225 / 55R17 zikutanthauza kuti tayala ali m'lifupi 225 mm, mbiri kutalika 55%, ndi mainchesi ankatera 17 mainchesi. Ngati pali chilembo R, ndiye kuti mapangidwewo ndi ozungulira, ngati ayi, ndi diagonal.
Mapiritsi a magudumu
Kulephera kutsatira miyeso kungasokoneze kuwongolera kwa makina komanso kulimba kwa magawowo. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa ma disc kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kuthamangitsidwa kwa ma arches ndi mawilo.
Rabara yokhala ndi mbiri pansi pa chizolowezi imawonjezera katundu pakuyimitsidwa, ndipo ngati ili pamwamba, kuyendetsa galimoto kumakhala koipitsitsa, makamaka pakona. Ngati m'lifupi mwake mwadutsa, gudumu lidzalandira katundu wa rutting - chiwongolero chodziyimira pawokha pamisewu yovuta. Ngati utali wozungulira ndi wotsika kuposa momwe uyenera kukhalira, ndiye kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka.
Speed ndi load index
Poganizira izi 2 zizindikiro, automakers kuganizira m'lifupi, kuuma, zingwe mphamvu, sidewall ndi malo okhala pamphepete mwa tayala.
Mlozera wa liwiro ukuwonetsa kuthamangitsidwa kovomerezeka kokwanira kwa kayendedwe kotetezeka kwa makina okhala ndi katundu wathunthu. Imasankhidwa ndi zilembo zochokera ku M (130 km/h) kupita ku Y (300 km/h).
Speed ndi load index
Zitsanzo zoterezi ndizokwera mtengo. Kuti asunge ndalama, madalaivala amayesa kukhazikitsa matayala okhala ndi indexes otsika, koma chifukwa chake, kuvala kwake kumangowonjezera.
Mndandanda wa katundu ndi kulemera kovomerezeka pa gudumu. Gawoli limalembedwa ndi manambala kuyambira 1-50 (129-190 kg).
Phokoso
chizindikiro ichi ndi udindo mlingo wa chitonthozo ndi zimadalira chitsanzo ndi kutalika kwa tayala. Kutsika kutsika, m'pamenenso phokoso ndi kugwedezeka kumachepa.
Kugwira msewu
Kuti mukhale bata pamsewu wowuma, muyenera kusankha matayala agalimoto m'chilimwe chokhala ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika komanso mawonekedwe. Kupanda kutero, tayala likhoza "kuyandama" kuchokera ku phula lotentha, ndipo mathamangitsidwe ndi mabuleki adzakhala osakhazikika.
Kupanga madzi
Kuopsa kwa hydroplaning kumadalira kugwira kwa gudumu pamalo onyowa. Kuti musalowe mu ngozi pa nyengo yoipa, matayala okhala ndi chitsanzo chapadera chopanda madzi ndi m'lifupi mwake ayenera kuganiziridwa.
Chimbale awiri
Pa rabara iliyonse pali kukula kwake komwe kumayenera kufanana ndi pepala la data la galimoto.
Malangizo Othandiza a Matayala
Kugula kumapangidwa bwino kuyambira Januware mpaka Epulo. Panthawi imeneyi, mitengo ya zitsanzo imachepetsedwa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwachangu. Koma choyamba, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwerenga ndemanga ndi malangizo othandiza posankha matayala a chilimwe a galimoto yanu.
Kwa madalaivala omwe amakonda kuyendetsa pang'onopang'ono mumzinda, muyenera kugula mphira wokhala ndi ma symmetrical non-directional wopondaponda. Mbiri yabwino 65%, yokhala ndi S, T mtengo.
Mafani oyendetsa mwachangu ndikwabwino kusankha matayala achilimwe amgalimoto okhala ndi mawonekedwe asymmetric. Mbiriyo sipamwamba kuposa 55%, ndipo cholembera ndi HW.
Ma jeep, ma crossovers, ndi ma vans amalonda akuyenera kuganizira matayala opondaponda kwambiri okhala ndi liwiro lalikulu la C ndi LT. Mndandanda wa katundu umawerengedwa ndi kulemera kwa galimoto.
Ngati mumadziwa kusankha matayala abwino a chilimwe, mungapewe kuwononga ndalama pazinthu zolakwika. Sipadzakhala zokhumudwitsa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa magalimoto oyendetsa galimoto, ndipo maulendo adzakhala omasuka pa nyengo yadzuwa komanso yamvula.
