Kodi kuswa injini? Kodi izi zingatheke m'magalimoto amakono? Utsogoleri

Injini braking ndichinthu chofunikira pamagalimoto kukumbukira. Madalaivala ambiri sagwiritsa ntchito bwino njira iyi yoyendetsera galimoto kapena kuyika mabuleki a injini molakwika. Ndikofunikiranso kuyang'ananso mwatsopano pamutuwu lero kudzera mu prism yagalimoto yamakono yokhala ndi zodziwikiratu komanso kuyendetsa pakompyuta.

Injini braking ndi imodzi mwa njira zazikulu zoyendetsera galimoto ya dalaivala wolimba. Mwachidziwitso, samabisa zinsinsi zilizonse. Tikafuna kuchedwetsa galimoto, sitiyenera kufika msanga pa ma brake pedal. Ndikokwanira kusinthira ku giya yotsika, ndipo kukana kowonjezereka pakupatsirana kumakupatsani mwayi kuti muchepetse liwiro osataya ma brake disc.

M'malo mwake, dalaivala aliyense amadziwa izi, komanso kuti njirayi ndi yothandiza kwambiri, ngati si yofunikira, pamapiri amapiri. Ulendo wautali ndi phazi lanu pa brake mosakayikira udzachititsa kuti dongosololi liwonjezeke ndipo pamapeto pake lidzasiya kugwira ntchito.

Mabuleki a injini angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pamene, mwachitsanzo, tikuyandikira malo owunikira magalimoto kapena muzochitika zina zilizonse zomwe zimafuna kuti tiyime - ndiye kuti tikhoza kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono liwiro mwa kusintha magiya. Mwanjira imeneyi, timasunganso ndalama, chifukwa pafupifupi pafupifupi injini zonse zamakono, tikamasula pedal brake ndikusiya galimoto mu gear pamene tikuyendetsa galimoto, palibe mafuta omwe amaperekedwa ku ma cylinders. Chifukwa chake, timapita popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Kwa zaka zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito galimoto, zizoloŵezizi zidzabweretsa ndalama zoyezera, ndipo ndi kumverera koyenera kwa galimoto ndi luso la kuphunzira, zidzawonjezeranso chisangalalo choyendetsa galimoto ndi chitonthozo choyendetsa.

Komabe, mabuleki a injini amakhalanso ndi zotsatira zochepa zomwe zimadziwika komanso nthawi zina zoipa.zomwe ndi magalimoto amakono zikuchulukirachulukira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuli koyenera kutsitsimutsa chidziwitso chanu pankhaniyi.

Kodi mogwira ananyema injini?

Njira imeneyi imafunika luso linalake ndi kulingalira. Choyamba, muyenera kumva kutalika kwa magiya - kuti magiya asakhale otsika kwambiri, zomwe zingapangitse kuti liwiro liwonjezeke kwambiri ndipo lingayambitse kulephera kwa gawo lililonse la makinawo. . kuyendetsa sitima. Komano, ngati giya ndi mkulu, kukana kwaiye ndi injini adzakhala osakwanira ndi braking sikuchitika.

Ndiye mumatani kuti injini ya braking ikhale yosalala komanso yogwira ntchito momwe mungathere? Kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi magiya omwe ali ndi kukana pang'ono ndikupitilira komwe liwiro lidzachulukira komanso liwiro lidzachepera.

Pochita mabuleki, injiniyo imayenera kuchitapo kanthu kutsogolo kuposa momwe imagwirira ntchito nthawi zonse. Ngati tidziŵa kuti chigawo chotsatira chamsewuwo chidzatsika kwambiri, tiyenera kuchedwetsa mofulumira mpaka kufika pamlingo umene tingathebe kuwongolera liŵiro pa malo otsetsereka mothandizidwa ndi injini yeniyeniyo.

Mabuleki a injini: zoopsa zake ndi zotani?

Ngakhale zabwino zambiri, injini braking luso pazaka makumi angapo zapitazi, idasiya kutchuka. Poyamba, zimenezi zingaimbidwe mlandu chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kuzindikira kwa madalaivala amene amayembekezera kuti magalimoto ochulukirachulukira aziwaganizira. Komabe, zenizeni mwina ndizovuta kwambiri.

Kumbukirani kuti njirayi si yoyenera pazochitika zonse. Choyamba, kugwiritsa ntchito m'misewu yopanda malire, monga yophimbidwa ndi mvula kapena matalala, kumafuna kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri galimoto. Apo ayi kusintha kwadzidzidzi mu katundu wa injini kungayambitse skidding.

Choncho, opanga magalimoto atsopano ndi injini braking pang'ono panjira. Chifukwa chiyani? Ngati tichita izi molakwika, ngakhale machitidwe aposachedwa kwambiri amapeza kukhala kovuta kutuluka mu skid ndi kuyendetsa galimoto kachiwiri. Chifukwa chake, mu "sukulu yatsopano" yamakampani opanga magalimoto, madalaivala akulimbikitsidwa kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosavuta zoyendetsera galimoto.

Mosasamala kanthu, bokosi la gearbox liyenera kumasulidwa ndipo Tsimikizani chopondapo cha brake nthawi yomweyo mwadzidzidzi. Apa ndikofunikira kufupikitsa mtunda wa braking momwe mungathere ndikupewa zolakwika zazikulu. Komabe, madalaivala ena, makamaka achikulire, amanena kuti zimenezi sizikhala zolondola nthaŵi zonse, chifukwa akamakwera mabuleki ndi mphamvu zonse, dalaivala sangathe kuwongolera mawilo akutsogolo ndipo alibe mphamvu pa njira ya ulendo. Ayenera kukumbutsidwa kuti kwa zaka makumi angapo tsopano, machitidwe monga ABS ndi ESP akhala akulimbana ndi mavuto omwe ali pamwambawa pazochitika zoterezi.

Pakati pa mfundo zotsutsa injini braking, munthu angapeze wina, kwa ambiri kwambiri. Njira iyi imatha kuchepetsa moyo wa dual mass flywheel. Chinthu chokwera mtengo komanso chovalachi chili m'galimoto kuti achepetse kugwedezeka kwa injini komwe kumatumizidwa kumadera ena onse agalimoto. Kupangitsa injini kugwedezeka kwambiri komanso kugwedezeka komwe kumabweretsa kugwedezeka ndizochitika zomwe zimaika maganizo kwambiri pa "kulemera kwawiri" ndipo kungayambitse kusinthidwa ngati kubwerezedwa kawirikawiri. Mtengo wa akauntiyi udzakhala waukulu kwambiri kuposa ndalama zomwe zingapezeke kuchokera kumafuta osungidwa kapena mabuleki.

Automatic injini braking - momwe angachitire izo?

Pomaliza, kuwonjezera pang'ono kwa madalaivala omwe amayendetsa galimoto yokhala ndi ma automatic transmission. Kwa iwo, kuyendetsa galimoto ndi njira yosavuta. Kupatula mitundu ina yatsopano yotumizira yomwe imasunga zida zamakono pamitsinje yotsetsereka (mwachitsanzo, Volkswagen's DSG), zida zomwe mukufuna zitha kusankhidwa posinthana ndikusintha pamanja ndikutsitsa pogwiritsa ntchito lever kapena paddle shifters.

Makina ena akale (makamaka m'magalimoto akale) kuphatikiza pa maudindo R, N, D ndi P amakhalanso ndi malo okhala ndi manambala, nthawi zambiri 1, 2 ndi 3. Awa ndi njira zoyendetsera zomwe ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito potsika. Amasankhidwa kuti gearbox isapitirire zida zomwe dalaivala amasankha.

Kumbali ina, mu hybrids ndi magalimoto amagetsi, kalata ina imawonekera mmalo mwa manambala awa, i.e. Q. Njirayi iyeneranso kugwiritsidwa ntchito potsika, koma pazifukwa zina: ndi njira yowonjezera mphamvu yowonjezera mphamvu panthawi ya braking, yomwe imawonjezera mphamvu ya kuyitanitsa batire.