Kodi ma diski a brake amayenera kutentha bwanji mgalimoto?
Zamkatimu
Ma diski amabuleki amapangidwa kuti aziwotcha. Iyi ndi njira yokhayo yosinthira mphamvu ya kinetic yagalimoto yothamanga kukhala kutentha ndikuyitaya mumlengalenga. Koma izi ziyenera kuchitika mosamalitsa pa lamulo la dalaivala. Kutentha kwa mabuleki muzochitika zina zonse kumasonyeza kukhalapo kwa vuto, komanso zosankha zadzidzidzi, ndiko kuti, kutenthedwa kwambiri.
Makhalidwe a dongosolo la brake yamagalimoto
Ntchito ya mabuleki ndikuyimitsa galimoto mwachangu komanso motetezeka momwe ndingathere. Njira yosavuta yochitira izi ndi kuthandizidwa ndi mphamvu yotsutsana, yomwe imapezeka muzitsulo za brake.
Mabuleki amapezeka m'magalimoto amakono pa gudumu lililonse kuti agwiritse ntchito bwino matayala pamsewu.
Imagwiritsa ntchito:
- ma discs kapena ng'oma, zigawo zachitsulo zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi magudumu;
- ma brake pads, omwe amakhala ndi maziko ndi zomangira zopangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mikangano yayikulu yolimbana ndi chitsulo chonyezimira kapena chitsulo ndipo nthawi yomweyo imalimbana ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndi kuvala kochepa kwa mapepala okha ndi ma disc (ng'oma);
- ma brake drive, makina, ma hydraulic ndi zida zamagetsi zomwe zimatumiza mphamvu kuchokera kumayendedwe a dalaivala kupita ku mabuleki.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma brake system, gawo lalikulu pakuwotcha kwa ma disks amaseweredwa ndi ntchito ndi mabuleki oyimitsa.
Onsewa amagwira ntchito mofananamo - dalaivala kupyolera mu galimotoyo amapanga mphamvu yamakina pa ma brake pads, omwe amaponderezedwa ndi ma disks kapena ng'oma. Pali mikangano yamphamvu yolimbana ndi inertia yagalimoto, mphamvu ya kinetic imachepa, liwiro limatsika.
Kodi ma disks ndi ng'oma ziyenera kutentha?
Ngati ife kuwerengera mphamvu braking, ndi mphamvu anamasulidwa mu mawonekedwe a kutentha pa braking pa unit nthawi, ndiye nthawi zambiri kuposa mphamvu injini.
N'zosavuta kulingalira momwe injini imatenthetsera, kuphatikizapo mphamvu yomwe imatengedwa ndi mpweya wotulutsa mpweya ndikugwira ntchito zothandiza poyendetsa galimoto ndi katundu.
N'zotheka kugawira mphamvu zochuluka chonchi pokhapokha ngati kutentha kukuwonjezeka. Zimadziwika kuchokera ku fizikiki kuti mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi yofanana ndi kusiyana kwa kutentha, ndiko kuti, kusiyana pakati pa chowotcha ndi firiji. Pamene mphamvu ilibe nthawi yopita mufiriji, pamenepa ndi mpweya wa mumlengalenga, kutentha kumatuluka.
Disk imatha kuwala mumdima, ndiko kuti, kupeza madigiri mazana angapo. Mwachilengedwe, sizikhala ndi nthawi yoziziritsa pakati pa braking, zikhala zotentha ulendo wonse.
Zifukwa zowonjezereka
Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kutentha ndi kutentha kwambiri. Kutentha ndi chinthu chokhazikika, ndiko kuti, kuwerengeredwa ndi kuyesedwa ndi opanga magalimoto, ndipo kutenthedwa ndi kutentha kwadzidzidzi.
Chinachake chalakwika, kutentha kunakwera kwambiri. Pankhani ya mabuleki, izi ndizowopsa kwambiri, chifukwa zida zotenthedwa sizingagwire ntchito bwino, zimataya mphamvu, geometry ndi zida mwachangu.
Zotsatira za kuyendetsa pa handbrake
Chinthu chophweka chomwe pafupifupi madalaivala onse a novice amakumana nacho ndikuyiwala kuchotsa galimoto yoyimitsa magalimoto kumayambiriro kwa kayendetsedwe kake.
Mainjiniya akhala akulimbana ndi kuyiwala kwa nthawi yayitali. Panali ma alamu opepuka komanso omveka omwe amayambika mukayesa kusuntha ndi mapepala omangika, komanso mabureki amanja omwe amakongoletsedwa ndi kutulutsidwa ndi galimoto yamagetsi pamene galimoto imayima ndikuyamba.
Koma ngati muyendetsabe ndi mapepala osindikizidwa, mphamvu yotumizira imatenthetsa ng'omazo kotero kuti zomangira zomangira zimapsa, zitsulo zimapunduka, ndipo ma silinda a hydraulic adzatsika.
Izi nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa kokha pamene matayala pa disks ayamba kusuta. Padzafunika kukonzanso kwakukulu komanso kokwera mtengo.
Pistoni ya caliper yokhazikika
M'makina a disc, palibe zida zosiyana zochotsera ma pistoni pamapadi. Kupsyinjika kwa hydraulic system kumachotsedwa, mphamvu ya clamping imakhala zero, ndipo mphamvu yothamanga imakhala yofanana ndi zomwe zimapangidwira pa block ndi coefficient of friction. Ndiko kuti, "zero" zilibe kanthu kuti ndi nambala yanji - idzakhala "zero".
Koma sizikhala choncho nthawi zonse. Chotchingacho chiyenera kubwezeredwa ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka millimeter, makamaka chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwa chikhomo chosindikizira. Koma ngati dzimbiri lachitika pakati pa pisitoni ndi silinda ya caliper, ndipo pisitoniyo ndi yopindika, mapepalawo amakhalabe opanikizidwa ndi mphamvu yopanda ziro.
Kutulutsidwa kwa mphamvu ndi kutentha kosalamulirika kudzayamba. Zidzatha pokhapokha makulidwe ena a wosanjikiza achotsedwa pazitsulozo chifukwa cha kutentha ndi kutaya katundu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, disk idzatentha kwambiri.
Mpweya mu dongosolo la braking
Kawirikawiri, koma zotsatira zake zidadziwika pamene mapepalawo adangoponderezedwa ndi ma diski chifukwa cha kupopa koyipa kwagalimoto kuchokera mumlengalenga.
Imafalikira kuchokera kutentha ndipo imayamba kukanikiza mapepala motsutsana ndi ma disks kudzera mu masilinda. Komabe, kale kwambiri kuposa kutenthedwa, dalaivala adzawona kuti galimotoyo siimachedwa.
Kuvala ma disc a brake
Akavala, ma disks amataya mawonekedwe awo abwino a geometric. Chitsitsimutso chowonekera chikuwonekera pa iwo, mapepala amayesa kuthamangiramo.
Zonsezi zimabweretsa kukhudzana kosayembekezereka pakati pa ma disks ndi mapepala, ndipo kulumikizana kulikonse kudzatanthawuza kutenthedwa ndi zotsatira zake zonse.
Kusintha kolakwika kwa ma brake pads
Ngati ukadaulo wosinthira pad waphwanyidwa, chifukwa cha kuphweka kwake pankhani ya brake ya disc, mapadi amatha kupanikizana mu caliper.
Kukangana kotsatirako kumatenthetsa ma disc ndi ma caliper guide vanes, zomwe zimangowonjezera zinthu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha ndi dalaivala kuona phokoso extraneous ndi kuchepa kwambiri mabuleki dzuwa.
Momwe mungachotsere ma disks otentha
Pali malamulo osavuta opulumutsira mabuleki kuti asatenthedwe:
- gwiritsani ntchito mabuleki panthawi yadzidzidzi komanso poyimitsa komaliza, muzochitika zina zonse, kukwera pamtunda ndikukankhidwa kwa injini;
- Osagwiritsa ntchito mabuleki pa otsika yaitali m'mapiri, kokha injini kapena phiri ananyema, dongosolo utumiki n'zokayikitsa kupulumuka mpaka otsikitsitsa kutsika koyamba kwambiri, kutsimikizira izi, ndi zokwanira kuwerengera kuthekera. mphamvu yomwe galimoto ili nayo pamwamba pa phiri;
- sungani njira zama brake mumkhalidwe wabwino, kuonetsetsa kuti palibe dzimbiri la ma hydraulics ndi maupangiri ndikusintha kulikonse kwa mapadi, pogwiritsa ntchito lubricant yapadera ndi mapu ake;
- m'malo mwa nthawi yake ma disc ndi kuvala kwambiri, osadikirira kuwonekera kwawo kwathunthu.
Ma disks otenthedwa ayenera kusinthidwa. Iwo ataya mphamvu, coefficient yawo ya mikangano yasintha ngakhale ndi mapepala atsopano, ndipo chofunika kwambiri, ndi osagwirizana m'dera, zomwe zidzatsogolera ku jerks ndi kutentha kwatsopano.
Zotsatira za ntchito yolakwika ya ma brake system
Ma disks otenthedwa nthawi zambiri amasinthidwa pamene thump imveka mu chopondapo mpaka kugunda kwa gudumu. Ngati muyeso wovomerezekawu ukunyalanyazidwa, ndiye kuti chiwonongeko cha disk panthawi ya braking ndi chotheka.
Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha ndi kupanikizana kowopsa kwa gudumu ndipo galimoto imasiya njira yosadziwika bwino. Ndi mtsinje wowundana wothamanga kwambiri, ngozi yoopsa imakhala yosapeŵeka, makamaka kwa ovulala.
Pa MOT iliyonse, ma discs amawunikidwa mosamala. Sipayenera kukhala mitundu yonyezimira yomwe imabwera chifukwa cha kutenthedwa, makamaka mpumulo wowoneka bwino, kupindika kapena maukonde a ming'alu.
Ma disks nthawi zonse amasinthidwa pamodzi ndi mapepala, ndipo ngati avala zosagwirizana - komanso ndi kukonzanso kwa ma calipers.
