Kodi kuyimitsidwa kosinthika kumagwira ntchito bwanji?

Kuyimitsidwa kwa galimoto iliyonse - zigawo zomwe zimaichirikiza, kuiteteza kuti isasokonezeke, ndi kuilola kuti itembenuke - zimayimira kusagwirizana. Opanga magalimoto ayenera kuganizira zinthu zambiri popanga kuyimitsidwa kwagalimoto iliyonse, kuphatikiza:

• Kulemera
• mtengo
• Kugwirizana
• Zofunikira zogwirira ntchito
• Chitonthozo chofuna kukwera
• Katundu Woyembekezeredwa (Okwera ndi Katundu) - Wocheperako komanso Wopambana
• Chilolezo, onse pansi pakati pa galimoto, ndi kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo
• Liwiro ndi nkhanza zomwe galimoto idzayendetsedwe
• Kupirira kwa Crash
• Kuchuluka kwa mautumiki ndi mtengo wake

Poganizira zonsezi, ndizodabwitsa kuti opanga ma automaker amawongolera zinthu zosiyanasiyana bwino. Kuyimitsidwa kwa galimoto iliyonse yamakono, galimoto ndi SUV zimapangidwira mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ndi ziyembekezo zosiyanasiyana; palibe amene ali wangwiro m’zonse, ndi oŵerengeka amene ali angwiro m’chilichonse. Koma nthawi zambiri, madalaivala amapeza zomwe amayembekezera: Mwini Ferrari amayembekeza kuchita bwino pakuwongolera kuthamanga kwambiri mopanda kutonthoza, pomwe mwini Rolls Royce nthawi zambiri amayembekeza ndikukwera bwino kwambiri kuchokera pagalimoto yomwe ingakhale yocheperapo. masewera a hippodrome.

Izi ndizokwanira kwa anthu ambiri, koma madalaivala ena - ndi ena opanga - sakonda kunyengerera ngati sakuyenera kutero. Apa ndipamene kuyimitsidwa kosinthika kumathandizira. Kuyimitsidwa kwina kumalola kusintha, kaya ndi dalaivala kapena ndi galimoto yokhayo, kuti zigwirizane ndi kusintha kwina kwa mikhalidwe. Kwenikweni, galimoto yokhala ndi kuyimitsidwa kosinthika imagwira ntchito ngati kuyimitsidwa kuwiri kapena kupitilira apo, kutengera zomwe zikufunika.

Magalimoto ena atsopano amagulitsidwa ndi kuyimitsidwa kosinthika, pomwe zosintha zina zimaperekedwa ngati mayankho a "aftermarket", kutanthauza kuti kasitomala amawagula ndikuyika. Koma kaya ndi OEM (opanga zida zoyambira - automaker) kapena pambuyo pake, kuyimitsidwa kwamasiku ano kumakulolani kuti musinthe chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi.

Kuchotsa

Magalimoto ena apamwamba amatha kukweza kapena kutsitsa thupi kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri, nthawi zambiri zokha. Mwachitsanzo, Tesla Model S imadzikweza yokha ikalowa mumsewu kuti ipewe kukanda komanso kutsika pa liwiro la misewu yayikulu kuti ipititse patsogolo kayendedwe ka ndege. Ndipo ma SUV ena amatha kuchepetsedwa m'misewu yathyathyathya kuti pakhale bata ndi chuma, kapena kumtunda kwa msewu kuti awonjezere chilolezo. Izi zitha kukhala zodziwikiratu, monga Ford Expedition (yomwe imakwera dalaivala akamayendetsa magudumu anayi), kapena pamanja.

Kusintha kwa kusintha kwa kutalika kwa kukwera ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa katundu, komwe kutalika kwake kumasinthidwa kuti agwirizane ndi katundu wolemetsa; kawirikawiri katunduyo ali kumbuyo kwa galimotoyo ndipo dongosolo limayankha pokweza kumbuyo mpaka galimotoyo ilinso.

Kusintha kutalika kwa kukwera kumachitika ndi zikwama za airbags zomwe zimamangidwa mu akasupe; Kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumasintha kuchuluka kwa kukweza. Opanga ena amagwiritsa ntchito makina a hydraulic kuti akwaniritse cholinga chomwecho, ndi mapampu omwe amapereka mphamvu ya hydraulic kuti athandize kukweza galimoto.

Njira yosinthira kutalika kwa kukwera kwambiri ndi makina a "airbag" amtundu wapambuyo, omwe amalola kuti galimotoyo itsitsidwe ndikukwezedwa mwadzidzidzi, nthawi zina mpaka pomwe galimoto imatha kudumpha mumlengalenga. Makinawa amapangidwa makamaka kuti azikongoletsa, osati kukwera kapena kuchita.

Kwerani Rigidity

Magalimoto angapo (mmodzi wa iwo ndi Mercedes S-Maphunziro) ali ndi kuyimitsidwa yogwira, amene amalipiritsa mkulu-liwiro akuyendetsa basi kuumitsa kuyimitsidwa; amagwira ntchito imeneyi pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya (mpneumatic) kapena hydraulic (fluid) variable pressure reservoir. Kusintha kwa kuuma kwa kukwera kumaphatikizidwa m'makina amsika omwe amatha kusintha masika ndi/kapena mawonekedwe onyowa. Kawirikawiri kusintha kumeneku kumafuna kuti mulowe pansi pa galimoto ndikusintha pamanja chinachake, nthawi zambiri kuyimba pa kugwedezeka komwe kumasintha chizolowezi cha mantha kuti chinyowe; Makina oyendetsedwa ndi a cockpit, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma airbags, amakhala ochepa.

Zindikirani kuti kuyimitsidwa kwa "sporty", i.e. yolimba kuposa yanthawi zonse, sayenera kusokonezedwa ndi "sporty" automatic transmission setting, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatanthawuza kuti malo osinthira amayikidwa pa liwiro la injini pang'ono kuposa momwe zimakhalira, kuwongolera kuthamanga ndi kuchepa kwamafuta.

Zina kuyimitsidwa geometry

Magalimoto opangidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito mwapadera nthawi zina amalola kusintha kowonjezereka, nthawi zambiri potembenuza ma bolts kapena zida zina kuti asinthe ma geometry a dongosolo, monga kusuntha zomata za rollbar. Momwemonso, magalimoto ndi ma trailer omwe amanyamula katundu wolemera nthawi zina amapereka akasupe okhala ndi geometry yosinthika - kusuntha malo olumikizira masika - kuti alandire katunduwo.

Magalimoto othamanga odzipereka amapita patsogolo, kulola pafupifupi mbali zonse za kuyimitsidwa kuti zisinthidwe. Makanikani woyenerera amatha kukonza galimoto yothamanga kuti igwirizane ndi njanji iliyonse. Pang'onopang'ono, machitidwe oterowo angagwiritsidwe ntchito pamagalimoto apamsewu, ngakhale kuti kusintha nthawi zambiri kumafuna zida ndipo nthawi zonse kumafuna kuyimitsa galimoto, sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti zigwirizane ndi kusintha kwachangu monga kuthamanga kwambiri.

Kuyimitsidwa kosintha kutalika kwayamba kuchulukirachulukira ngati fakitale yopereka pomwe nkhawa zamafuta zikukula. Magalimoto ambiri ndi aerodynamic, zomwe zimatanthauzanso kuti mafuta akuyenda bwino akakhala otsika. Mitundu ina ya kuyimitsidwa kosinthika komwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa imapezeka makamaka m'makina amtundu wapambuyo, makamaka zotsekera zoziziritsa kukhosi ndi "coilvers" (machitidwe opangidwa ndi kasupe wa koyilo ndi cholumikizira cholumikizira kapena cholumikizira). Koma mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, cholinga chake ndi chimodzi: kuphatikiza kusintha kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa kapena mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana.