Momwe mungayang'anire kutayikira kwaposachedwa pagalimoto yokhala ndi multimeter

Dongosolo lamagetsi lakhala gawo lofunikira mgalimotomo, popanda magwiridwe antchito omwe ndizosatheka osati kungoyenda - ngakhale kutsegula zitseko kuti mupeze salon. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri batire ikamasulidwa kwambiri chifukwa champhamvu zotuluka.

Kuphatikiza apo, kutayikira kwamakono kumathandizira kukulira kwazida zamagetsi, makamaka batri, momwe, chifukwa chakumangika kwanthawi zonse, kuyeretsa kwa mbale zotsogola kumathamanga kwambiri. Tiyeni tiyesere kudziwa zifukwa zomwe zingayambitse kutayikira kwamomwe tingadziwire ndikugwiritsa ntchito multimeter wamba wanyumba.

Zifukwa zazikulu zotayikira

Kutuluka kulikonse komwe kumachitika mgalimoto kumatha kugawidwa bwino. Gulu loyamba limaphatikizapo mafunde omwe amayamba chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito a nthawi yopuma, mwachitsanzo, ma alamu, komanso omwe amachokera pakusiyana kwamagetsi ndi "minus" ya batri yolumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa galimoto. Kutuluka koteroko kumakhala kosapeweka ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhala koperewera - kuyambira 20 mpaka 60 mA, nthawi zina (mgalimoto zazikulu zodzaza zamagetsi) - mpaka 100 mA.

Kutuluka kolakwika kumaphatikizapo mafunde okwera kwambiri (kuyambira ma milliamp mazana mpaka makumi amperes) ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala zotsatira za mavuto otsatirawa:

• fixation osauka, kuipitsidwa kapena makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa ojambula;
• ma circuits amfupi mkati mwa zida (mwachitsanzo, potembenukira kwa windings);
• ma circuits amafupikira m'mabwalo akunja (nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi arcing ndi kutenthetsa, zomwe ndizovuta kuzizindikira);
• kusokonezeka kwa zida zamagetsi;
• Kulumikizana kolakwika kwa zida zosankhika (ma audio, makina otenthetsera, makanema ojambula, ndi zina zambiri), kuphatikiza kudutsa poyatsira.

Pakatambasula pakali pano, kuthamanga kwa batri kudzakhala kwachangu, makamaka mukapita patsogolo zimatenga maola angapo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti muzindikire kutayikaku munthawi yake, kudziwa ndi kuthetsa zomwe zimayambitsa.

Matenda otayikira omwe ali ndi multimeter

Kwa iwo omwe adakali atsopano ku multimeter, tikupangira kuwerenga nkhaniyi: momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito multimeter kwa dummies, momwe mitundu yonse yosinthira ndi malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito chipangizocho amalingaliridwa mwatsatanetsatane.

Kuyang'ana kutayikira kwaposachedwa mgalimoto ndi multimeter kumachitika mu DC ammeter mode. Kuti muchite izi, chosinthira chipangizocho chimasamutsidwa kumadera omwe amalembedwa ndi zilembo DCA ndikuyika pagawo "10A". Kafukufuku wofiira (wabwino) amayikidwa mu socket ya 10ADC, kafukufuku wakuda (wopanda) mu soketi ya COM, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala pansi. Ngati mipata ndi magawano anu a multimeter adasindikizidwa mosiyanasiyana, onetsetsani kuti mwawerenga malangizowa musanayilumikizitse ku netiweki yamagalimoto.

Mukakonzekera chipangizocho, pitilizani molunjika kuntchito yoyang'anira ndi kuyeza. Kuti muchite izi, pagalimoto yamagetsi yolumikizidwa, tsegulirani ndikuchotsa batiri loyipa, yeretsani ndi kulumikizana kwa batriyo ngati mutayika kapena mukukhazikika. Njira yofiyira ya multimeter imakhazikika pamadulira osachiritsika kapena malo aliwonse oyenera a misa, kuwonetsetsa kuti ndiyolumikizana ndi pamwamba, ndipo yakuda imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakulumikizana koipa kwa batri. Chidachi chidzawonetsa kutayikira kwenikweni. Ngati chiwonetserocho sichikhala zero, chidacho chitha kukhazikitsidwa pamayendedwe a 200m kuti chizindikiritse pakadali pano (kapena chiwonjezeke pang'ono).

Sakani ogula olakwika kapena olumikizidwa molakwika

Ntchitozi ndizofunikira ngati kutulutsa komwe kwapezeka kukuposa 0,1-0,2 amperes (100-200 mA). Nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosavuta kuzindikira mfundo yomwe idatulukirapo.

Kuti muchite izi, pazida zonse, kuyambira "okayikira kwambiri" pankhani yolumikizana kapena ukadaulo, zotsatirazi zimachitika:

• kuzimitsa poyatsira;
• kuchotsa wogulitsa pamzere wowonjezera;
• kukonza ndi kukonzekera malo olumikizirana;
• kulumikiza ammeter ndi dera lotseguka motsatana;
• kuwerenga kuwerenga chida;
• ngati kuwerenga kwake kuli zero, wogula amaonedwa kuti ndiwothandiza;
• ngati zowerengazo ndizosiyana ndi zero, koma zosakwana kutayikira konse, amalembedwa, ndipo kusaka kukupitilira;
• ngati kuwerengetsa kuli kofanana kapena pafupifupi kofanana ndi kutayikira kwaposachedwa, kusaka kumatha;
• Mulimonsemo, mukamaliza ntchito, ndikofunikira kubwezeretsa kukhulupirika kwa dera ndikuyika malo olumikizirana.

Izi zimachitika kuti mutayang'ana ogula onse, sikunali kotheka kuzindikira kutayikira, koma kuwunika kwakukulu kumawonetsabe kupezeka kwake. Poterepa, zolumikizira ndi nthambi za otsogolera zitha kukhala zoyambitsa. Yesani kuwachotsa, kubwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe. Zitatha izi kutayikira sikungathetsedwe, kambiranani ndi katswiri wamagetsi wamagetsi yemwe angayang'ane kukhulupirika kwa mizere yonse yomwe ikupezeka pano ndi zida zapadera.

Kanema: momwe mungadziwire zotuluka mgalimoto

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Momwe mungayang'anire kutuluka kwa madzi ndi multimeter? Multimeter imayikidwa kumayendedwe aposachedwa (10A). The negative terminal ya batire yachotsedwa. Chofufuza chofiyira chili pa terminal iyi, ndipo chakuda chimakhala pa batire yolakwika.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji chomwe chikukhetsa batri? Pambuyo polumikiza multimeter, ogula amalumikizidwa motsatana. Chipangizo chavuto chidzadziwonetsera chokha pamene, mutazimitsa, chizindikiro pa multimeter chimabwerera mwakale.

Kodi kutulutsa kotulutsidwa kololeza ndikotani? Mlingo wovomerezeka wa kutayikira pano ndi 50-70 milliamps. Mtengo wovomerezeka kwambiri ndi 80 mpaka 90 mA. Ngati kutayikira kwapano kukupitilira 80 mA, batire imatulutsidwa mwachangu ngakhale kuyatsa kwazimitsa.