Kodi mungayang'ane bwanji kutayikira pamoto?
Zamkatimu
Kuwona kutayikira kwaposachedwa sikufunika kokha pamagalimoto okhala ndi moyo wautali wautumiki, komanso kwa atsopano. Popeza kuti m'mawa wina injini yoyaka mkati sidzatha chifukwa cha batri yakufa, madalaivala omwe samayang'anira momwe ma waya, ogwiritsira ntchito olumikizidwa ndi ma node amagetsi amayendera pabwalo lonse. alibe inshuwaransi.
Nthawi zambiri, vuto la kutayika / kutayikira kwapano limapezeka m'magalimoto ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Chifukwa chakuti mikhalidwe yathu, onse nyengo ndi msewu, kumabweretsa chiwonongeko, akulimbana ndi abrasion wa waya kutchinjiriza wosanjikiza, komanso makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa zitsulo kugwirizana zitsulo zamagetsi ndi kulankhula chipika osachiritsika.
Zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana ndi multimeter. Ntchito ndi, kuti kuzindikira pochotsa dera logwiritsa ntchito kapena gwero linalake, lomwe ngakhale pakupuma (ndi kuyatsa) kukhetsa batire. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa momwe mungayang'anire kutayikira kwapano, ndi chiyani chomwe chingaganizidwe ngati chokhazikika, komwe mungayang'ane komanso momwe mungayang'anire, ndiye werengani nkhaniyi mpaka kumapeto.
Kuthamanga kotereku mumagetsi a galimoto kungayambitse kutulutsa kwachangu kwa batri, ndipo panthawi zovuta kwambiri, kupita kufupipafupi ndi moto. M'galimoto yamakono, yokhala ndi zida zambiri zamagetsi, chiopsezo cha vutoli chimawonjezeka.
Kutayikira panopa mlingo
M'magalimoto onyamula anthu kutayikira pano kwa 25-30 mA kumatha kuonedwa ngati kwachilendo, okwera 40 mA. M'pofunika kuganizira kuti chizindikiro ichi ndi ponseponse ngati muyezo zamagetsi ntchito m'galimoto. Pamene options anaika, kololeka kutayikira panopa mpaka 80 mA. Nthawi zambiri, zida zotere ndi zojambulira pawayilesi zokhala ndi mawonedwe a multimedia, okamba, ma subwoofers ndi ma alarm adzidzidzi.
Ngati muwona kuti zizindikiro zili pamwamba pa mlingo wovomerezeka, ndiye kuti kutayikira kwamakono m'galimoto. Onetsetsani kuti mudziwe dera lomwe kutayikiraku kumachitika.
Ma Leakage Testers Amakono
Kuyang'ana ndi kufunafuna kutayikira kwaposachedwa sikutanthauza zida zapadera, koma ma ammeter okha kapena ma multimeter omwe amatha kuyeza molunjika mpaka 10 A. Zingwe zapadera zamakono zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zambiri pa izi.
Muyezo wamakono pa multimeter
Mosasamala kanthu za chipangizo chomwe chikugwiritsidwa ntchito, musanayang'ane kutayikira kwamakono m'galimoto, zimitsani moto, ndipo musaiwale kutseka zitseko, ndikuyika galimoto pa alarm.
Mukayesa ndi multimeter, ikani njira yoyezera kukhala "10 A". Titachotsa cholumikizira choyipa ku batire, timayika kafukufuku wofiyira wa multimeter ku terminal. Timakonza kafukufuku wakuda pa kukhudzana koyipa kwa batri.
Multimeter ikuwonetsa ndendende kuchuluka kwazomwe zimakokedwa popuma ndipo siziyenera kukhazikitsidwanso.
Mayeso Apano a Clamp Leakage
Zowongolera zamakono ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa zimapangitsa kuti athe kuyeza zamakono popanda kuchotsa ma terminals komanso osalumikizana ndi mawaya, mosiyana ndi ma multimeter. Ngati chipangizocho sichikuwonetsa "0", ndiye kuti muyenera kukanikiza batani lokonzanso ndikuyesa.
Pogwiritsa ntchito mbano, timatenganso waya woyipa kapena wabwino mu mphete ndikuyang'ana chizindikiro chomwe chikutuluka. ma clamps amakulolani kuti muwone momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito gwero lililonse ndikuyatsa.
Chifukwa cha kutayikira panopa
Kutayikira kwapano kudzera pa batire
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe kutayikira kwapano kungachitike. Nthawi zambiri ndi batire lonyalanyazidwa. Kuphatikiza pa kukhudzana ndi okosijeni, evaporation ya electrolyte nthawi zambiri imapezeka mu batri. Mutha kuzindikira izi ndi chinyezi chomwe chimawoneka ngati mawanga m'mbali mwamilanduyo. Chifukwa cha izi, batire imatha kutulutsa nthawi zonse, kotero ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe mungayang'anire kutayikira kwa batri, zomwe zidzakambidwe pansipa. Koma pambali pa mkhalidwe wa batri pamakina, pakati pa zomwe zimayambitsa, munthu angazindikire zida zolumikizidwa molakwika (zojambulira pawayilesi, ma TV, ma amplifiers, ma signing), osaphatikizidwa mu zida zoyambira zamagalimoto. Iwo ndi ofunika pamene pali kutayikira lalikulu panopa galimoto. Koma palinso malo ena oyenera kuyang'ananso.
Kutayikira mphamvu m'galimoto zifukwa ali ndi izi:
Kulumikizana ndi okosijeni ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kutayikira kwapano.
- Chingwe cholumikizidwa molakwika pawayilesi mu chosinthira choyatsira;
- kugwirizana osati molingana ndi malangizo a DVR ndi galimoto alamu;
- makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa midadada terminal ndi mawaya ena;
- kuwonongeka, mawaya amtolo;
- kusungunuka kwa mawaya pafupi ndi injini yoyaka mkati;
- dera lalifupi la zida zowonjezera;
- kumamatira kwa ogula osiyanasiyana amphamvu zamagetsi (mwachitsanzo, galasi lotenthetsera kapena mipando);
- chitseko cholakwika kapena kusintha kwa malire a thunthu (chifukwa chomwe si chizindikiro chokhacho chimakoka mphamvu zowonjezera, koma kuwala kwambuyo kungathenso kuyatsa);
- kuwonongeka kwa jenereta (yosweka imodzi ya diode) kapena choyambira (chachidule penapake).
Kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto tsiku ndi tsiku, kutayikira kwapano kumalipidwa ndi kulipiritsa batire kuchokera ku jenereta, koma ngati galimotoyo sinagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali, ndiye kuti m'tsogolomu, ndi kutayikira koteroko, batire silingalole kuti injini iyambe. Nthawi zambiri, kutayikira koteroko kumachitika m'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa pa kutentha otsika batire silingathe kusunga mphamvu yake mwadzina kwa nthawi yaitali.
Malinga ndi malingaliro a akatswiri ambiri, m'pofunika nthawi ndi nthawi kuyang'ana zipangizo zonse zamagetsi kuti azindikire zotheka kutayikira panopa galimoto. Ndipo kotero, momwe mungayang'anire kutayikira panopa m'galimoto?
Momwe mungapezere kutayikira
Kuyang'ana kutayikira kwapano podula ma fuse
Ndikofunikira kuti mufufuze kutayikira kwapano m'galimoto popatula gwero la mowa kuchokera pamayendedwe apakompyuta. Titazimitsa injini yoyaka mkati ndikudikirira mphindi 10-15 (kuti ogula onse alowe mumayendedwe oyimilira), timachotsa batire ku batire, kulumikiza chipangizo choyezera pamalo otseguka. Pokhapokha mutayika ma multimeter kuti akhale muyeso wamakono wa 10A, chizindikiro chomwe chili pa bolodi chidzakhala chotsitsa kwambiri.
Mukayang'ana kutuluka kwaposachedwa ndi multimeter, muyenera kuyang'anira zizindikiro pochotsa maulalo onse a fuse mu bokosi la fuse imodzi. Pamene, pamene imodzi mwa fusesi imachotsedwa, kuwerengera kwa ammeter kumatsika pamlingo wovomerezeka - izi zikusonyeza kuti Kodi mwapeza chotulukapo?. kuti muthetse, muyenera kuyang'ana mosamala zigawo zonse za dera ili: ma terminals, mawaya, ogula, sockets, ndi zina zotero.
Kuyang'ana pakali pano pa batri ndi multimeter
Chithunzi cholumikizira cha Multimeter
Ngakhale, poyang'ana kutayikira komwe kulipo m'galimoto yokhala ndi multimeter, zikuwoneka kwa inu kuti deta ndi yokwera pang'ono kuposa yanthawi zonse, musanyalanyaze izi, popeza batire idzayamba kutaya mphamvu yake yowonjezera mofulumira kuposa momwe idzalandire kuchokera ku jenereta, zomwe zidzawonekere kwambiri pamaulendo afupiafupi m'matauni. Ndipo m'nyengo yozizira, izi zimatha kukhala zovuta kwa batri.
Momwe mungayang'anire kutuluka kwaposachedwa ndi ma multimeter ndi ma clamp akuwonetsedwa muvidiyoyi.
Sakani zomwe zatuluka. Chitsanzo
Mukayang'ana kutayikira komwe kulipo ndi tester, ndikofunikira kuti mufufuze zonse zomwe zitha kutayikira, kuyambira pazida zomwe sizinali wamba, ndikumaliza ndi malo omwe zotheka mawaya afupikitsa. Gawo loyamba loyang'ana kutayikira kwapano m'galimoto ndikuwunika chipinda cha injini, kenako kupita ku zida ndi mawaya mu kanyumbako.
Kuyang'ana batire kuti ikutha
Kuyang'ana batire la batire kuti likutha
Pali njira yosavuta yowonera batire kuti ikutha. m'pofunika kuyeza kukhalapo kwa voteji osati pa malo a batire, komanso pa nkhani yake.
Choyamba, zimitsani injini ndikulumikiza chowongolera chofiira cha multimeter ku terminal yabwino, ndi kafukufuku wakuda ku terminal yoyipa. Mukasintha choyesa kumayendedwe oyezera mpaka 20 V, chizindikirocho chidzakhala mkati mwa 12,5 V. Pambuyo pake, timasiya kukhudzana kwabwino pa terminal, ndikuyika kukhudzana koyipa kwa batire, pamalo omwe akuyenera kukhala. kuchokera ku evaporation ya electrolyte kapena mapulagi a batri. Ngati pali kutayikira kwa batire, ndiye kuti multimeter iwonetsa pafupifupi 0,95 V (pamene iyenera kukhala "0"). Mwa kusintha ma multimeter kukhala ammeter mode, chipangizocho chidzawonetsa pafupifupi 5,06 A ya kutayikira.
kuti athetse vutoli, pambuyo fufuzani batire panopa kutayikira, muyenera kuchotsa ndi bwinobwino muzimutsuka mlandu wake ndi soda. Idzayeretsa pamwamba pa electrolyte ndi fumbi.
Momwe mungayang'anire jenereta kuti ikutha
Pamene palibe mavuto anapezeka mu batire, ndiye n'kutheka kuti pali kutayikira panopa kudzera jenereta. Pankhaniyi, kuti mupeze kutayikira kwapano m'galimoto ndikuzindikira thanzi la chinthucho, muyenera:
Kuyang'ana jenereta kuti ikutha
- gwirizanitsani zoyesa zoyesa ku ma terminals a batri;
- khazikitsani njira yoyezera voteji;
- kuyambitsa injini kuyaka mkati;
- kuyatsa chitofu, mtengo wotsika, zenera lakumbuyo lotenthetsera;
- yang'anani pa mphambu.
Mukawona kutayikira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito voltmeter. njira imeneyi zimathandiza kuzindikira mavuto jenereta molondola monga ammeter. Mwa kulumikiza kukhudzana kwa ma terminals, voltmeter idzawonetsa pafupifupi 12,46 V. Tsopano tikuyamba injini ndi kuwerenga kudzakhala pa mlingo wa 13,8 - 14,8 V. Ngati voltmeter ikuwonetsa zosakwana 12,8 V ndi zipangizo zoyatsa , kapena pamene kusunga liwiro pa mlingo 1500 rpm adzasonyeza kuposa 14,8 - ndiye vuto ndi jenereta.
Pamene kutayikira panopa kudzera jenereta wapezeka, zomwe zimayambitsa kwambiri ndi wosweka diode kapena koyilo rotor. Ngati ndi yayikulu, pafupifupi 2-3 amperes (pakusintha kumayendedwe amakono), ndiye kuti izi zitha kutsimikiziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito wrench wamba. Iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa pulley ya jenereta ndipo ngati ili ndi maginito kwambiri, ma diode ndi koyilo zimawonongeka.
Starter leakage current
Kuyang'ana choyambira kuti chikhale chotayikira podula waya wamagetsi
Zimachitika kuti poyang'ana kutayikira panopa pa galimoto, ngakhale batire ndi jenereta kapena ogula ena ndi magwero a vuto. Ndiye woyambitsa akhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kutayikira panopa. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kudziwa, chifukwa ambiri amachimwa nthawi yomweyo pa batri kapena waya, ndipo palibe amene amabwera m'maganizo kuti ayang'ane choyambira kuti chizituluka.
Momwe mungapezere kutuluka kwaposachedwa ndi multimeter kwafotokozedwa kale. Apa tikuchita fanizo kupatula ogula. Titamasula mphamvu "kuphatikiza" kuchokera koyambira, timachotsa kuti tisakhudze "misa" ndi iyo, timagwirizanitsa ndi ma terminals ndi ma probe a multimeter. Ngati panthawi imodzimodziyo panali kuchepa kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito panopa, sinthani choyambira.
Kuyang'ana koyambira kuti muwone kutayikira kwapano
Mutha kudziwa bwino ngati pompopompo ikudutsa poyambira ndi cholumikizira chapano. kuti muwone kutayikira kwapano ndi zingwe, yesani waya wa batire yoyipa mukayambitsa injini yoyaka mkati. Titayika mbano kuzungulira waya, timayambitsa injini yoyaka mkati katatu. Chipangizocho chidzawonetsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana - kuchokera ku 3 mpaka 143 A.
Mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri panthawi yoyambira injini yoyaka mkati mwagalimoto ndi 150 A. Ngati deta ili yotsika kwambiri kuposa yomwe yasonyezedwa, ndiye kuti woyambitsa ndiye amene amachititsa kuti galimotoyo iwonongeke. Zifukwa zitha kukhala zosiyana, koma ndikofunikira kuchotsa ndikuwunika koyambira. Phunzirani zambiri za kuwunika koyambira muvidiyoyi:
