Momwe mungayang'anire sitata

The sitata ndi udindo kuyambitsa injini ya galimoto mkati kuyaka, ndipo ngati akukana ntchito, ndiye kuyamba galimoto kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. kawirikawiri, izo zimalephera osati nthawi yomweyo, koma pang'onopang'ono, ndipo, kumvetsera khalidwe lake, n'zotheka kuwerengera kuwonongeka ndi zizindikiro. Ngati izi sizikanatheka, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyang'ana zoyambira, zonse ndi njira zotsogola komanso kugwiritsa ntchito multimeter.

Kufufuza mwachangu za solenoid relay kapena sitata yamagalimoto akhoza kuchitidwa popanda kuchotsa m'galimoto kapena kuzichotsa pansi pa hood. Pakuyesa kotereku, mudzangofunika batire yoyendetsedwa ndi mawaya amphamvu. Ndipo kuti muwone nangula, maburashi kapena kuyambika koyambira, muyenera kusokoneza ndikuyimba ndi multitester.

Momwe mungayang'anire batri yoyambira

Tiyeni tiyambe kuzindikira chiyambi cha injini yoyaka mkati ndi funso loyamba lomwe eni ake ambiri amafunsa - momwe mungayang'anire choyambira pa batire ndipo cheke choterechi chikuwonetsa chiyani?

Kuwongolera kotereku kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwa momwe makina oyambira amagwirira ntchito, chifukwa ikakhala pa injini yoyaka mkati, popanda kudina (ngati akumveka,), zomwe zinganene pang'ono za magwiridwe antchito a chipangizocho. Chifukwa chake, potseka ma terminals okhala ndi zitsogozo pa retractor ndi nyumba zoyambira, ndizotheka kudziwa kupezeka kwa kuwonongeka kwa relay retractor kapena choyambira chokha, powona ngati cholumikizira chatsegulidwa komanso ngati choyambira chikutembenuka.

Kuwona ngati sitata itembenuka

Kuyang'ana sitata mu njira zitatu zosavuta

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito batri kuti muyese kuyambitsa kwa oyambitsa kukankhira zida ndi kupotoza (umu ndi momwe ziyenera kugwirira ntchito mukayika mgalimoto).

Kuti muyesedwe, muyenera kukonza gawo, osachiritsika "-" kulumikizana ndi thupindi "+" - kumalo okwera kumtunda kwa kulandirana ndi kulumikizana kwake... Pogwira ntchito moyenera bendix iyenera kuchotsedwa ndipo magiya azungulira ndi mota.

Momwe mungayang'anire payokha mfundo zilizonse za chipangizo choyambira injini, tikambirana momveka bwino komanso mwatsatanetsatane.

Momwe mungayang'anire kulandirana kwa solenoid

kuti muwone choyambira cha solenoid relay, muyenera kulumikiza osachiritsika zabwino batire kwa izondi opanda - kwa thupi la chipangizocho... Pamene kulandirana kukugwira bwino, zida za bendix zidzatuluka ndikudina kwapadera.

Kuyang'ana kulandirana kwa solenoid ndi batri

Kuyang'ana choyambira chobwezeretsa

Zida sizingakulire chifukwa cha:

• owotcha olumikizana nawo;
• nangula wopindika;
• kutentha kwa sitata kapena kulandirana.

Momwe mungayang'anire maburashi oyambira

Maburashi amatha kufufuzidwa m'njira zingapo, yosavuta ndi iyi kuyang'ana ndi babu 12 volt... Kuti muchite izi, gwirizanitsani gawo limodzi la babu yoyatsira ndi chopukutira, ndipo inayo ndi thupi, ngati lilipo idzawala, ndiye maburashi amafunika kuwachotsa, chifukwa pali kuwonongeka kwa chitetezo.

Kuwona maburashi oyambira pang'ono mpaka pansi

chachiwiri njira yoyang'ana maburashi - ndi multimeter - zikhoza kuchitika pa disassembled sitata. Ntchitoyo idzakhala kuyang'ana mwachidule mpaka pansi (sayenera kutseka). Kuti muwone ndi ohmmeter, kukana pakati pa mbale yoyambira ndi chotengera burashi kumayesedwa - kukana kuyenera kupita kumapeto.

komanso, pamene dismantling burashi msonkhano, tiyenera kuchita kuyendera zithunzi maburashi, commutator, bushings, windings ndi armatures. Zowonadi, pakukula kwa bushings, kutsika kwapano pakuyambitsa ndi kusakhazikika kwa injini kumatha kuchitika, ndikuwonongeka kapena kuwotchedwa. wokhometsa "amangodya" maburashi... Mabokosi osweka, kuphatikiza pakuthandizira kusokonekera kwa zida ndi maburashi osagwirizana, zimawonjezera chiopsezo chotsekedwa kwa kutembenukira kwa kutembenukira kwa kutembenuka.

Momwe mungayang'anire bendix

Ntchito yoyambira bendix imawunikidwanso mophweka. M'pofunika kukakamiza overrunning clutch nyumba mu vise (kudzera gasket zofewa, kuti asawononge) ndi kuyesa Mpukutu mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo, izo sayenera atembenuza mbali zonse. Kutembenuka - kulephera kuli m'gulu lopambana, chifukwa mukayesa kutembenukira mbali ina, iyenera kuyima. Komanso, bendix sangagwirizane, ndipo choyambira chimazungulira ngati chingogona pansi kapena mano adyedwa. Kuwonongeka kwa giya kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuyang'ana kowoneka, koma zomwe zimachitika zimatha kutsimikiziridwa ndikuchotsa chilichonse ndikuyeretsa bokosi la gear kuchokera kudothi, mafuta owuma mkati mwa makinawo.

Control nyale poona sitata kumulowetsa

Momwe mungayang'anire koyambira koyambira

Sitata stator kumulowetsa kungakhale fufuzani ndi chowunikira cholakwika kapena babu ya 220 V... Mfundo ya chekeyi ikhala yofanana ndi kuyang'ana maburashi. Timalumikiza babu yoyatsa mpaka 100 W mndandanda pakati pa kumulowetsa ndi mlandu wa stator. Timalumikiza waya umodzi mthupi, wachiwiri kumalo opumira (kuyambira koyambirira mpaka kumodzi, kenako kumzake) - kuyatsa, zikutanthauza kuti pali kuwonongeka... Palibe kuwongolera koteroko - timatenga ohmmeter ndikuyesa kukana - ziyenera kukhala choncho pafupifupi 10 kΩ.

Chozungulitsira chozungulira chimayang'aniridwa chimodzimodzi - timayatsa maukonde a 220V ndikugwiritsa ntchito malo amodzi ku mbale yosonkhanitsa, ndipo inayo pachimake - kuyatsa, zikutanthauza kuti kubwerera kumbuyo kumafunika kumulowetsa kapena m'malo kwathunthu ozungulira.

Momwe mungayang'anire zida zoyambira

kuti muwone nangula woyambira, muyenera perekani magetsi a 12V kuchokera pa batri molunjika kwa oyambira, kudutsa kulandirana. Ngati iye amazipotokola, ndiye zonse zili bwino ndi iyengati sichoncho, ndiye kuti pali mavuto ndi iye kapena maburashi. Chete, osazungulira - muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito disassembly kuti muwone zowunikira zowunika ndikuyang'ana ma multimeter (mumayendedwe a ohmmeter).

Kuyang'ana zida zoyambira ndi batri

Kuyang'ana nangula pa PPJ

Mavuto akulu ndi nangula:

• kusokonekera kwa kumulowetsa pamlanduwo (kuyang'aniridwa ndi multimeter);
• Kulumikizana kwa zingwe za otolera (kumawoneka pakuwunika kwathunthu);
• kutembenukira-kutembenukira kutseka kwa kumulowetsa (kufufuzidwa kokha ndi chida chapadera cha PPYa).

Kutentha lamellas chifukwa chosalumikizana bwino pakati pa tambala ndi shank

Nthawi zambiri, kutsekedwa kozungulira kumatha kutsimikiziridwa ndikuwunika mwatsatanetsatane:

• kumeta ndi tinthu tina tomwe timatha pakati pa osonkhanitsa lamellas;
• yotentha lamellas chifukwa cholumikizana pakati pa chingwe choluka ndi tambala.

komanso nthawi zambiri osagwirizana kuvala wa wokhometsa kumabweretsa kuvala maburashi ndi kulephera sitata. Mwachitsanzo: kutuluka kwa kusungunula mumpata pakati pa lamellas, chifukwa cha kuyanjanitsa kwa osonkhanitsa pokhudzana ndi mzere wa shaft.

Kuzama pakati pamiyala yokhometsa zida kuyenera kukhala osachepera 0,5 mm.

Momwe mungayang'anire ndi multimeter

Nthawi zambiri pagalimoto wamba sipakhala njira yoti mufufuze ndi nyali yoyang'anira kapena chowunikira cholakwika, chifukwa chake njira zomwe mungapeze poyang'ana poyambira zikuyang'ana pa batri komanso ndi multimeter... Tidzayang'ana maburashi ndi ma windings oyambira sitimayo kwa kanthawi kochepa, mu ma megger kapena njira zopitilira, komanso mawotchi olandirana pang'ono.

Kuyang'ana sitata ndi multimeter

Disassembly ndi kuyendera madera onse oyambira

Chifukwa chake, momwe mungayang'anire choyambira ndi multimeter - muyenera kungochotsa ndikuchichotsa yesani kutsutsana pakati:

• maburashi ndi mbale;
• kumulowetsa ndi thupi;
• okhometsa mbale ndi armature pakati;
• sitata nyumba ndi stator kumulowetsa;
• kuyatsa kukhudzana ndi kuphatikizika kosalekeza, imakhalanso shunt bolt yolumikizira mafunde osangalatsa a mota yamagetsi yoyambira (mawonekedwe a relay retractor windings amafufuzidwa). Zikakhala bwino, ziyenera kukhala 1-1,5 ohms;
• poyatsira polumikizira poyatsira ndi nyumba yolandirana yotsegulira (kuyimitsa kolowera kwa solenoid kumayang'aniridwa). Iyenera kukhala 2-2,5 ohms.

Pasapezeke kuyendetsa pakati pa nyumba ndi kumulowetsa, chozungulira chozungulira ndi chosinthira, kulumikizana kwamayendedwe ndi kulumikizana kwabwino kwa kulandirana, pakati pa mphepo ziwiri.

Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti kukana kwa ma windings a armature ndikochepa ndipo sikungadziwike ndi multimeter wamba, kotero mutha kuyimba ma windings chifukwa palibe yopuma (lamella aliyense wokhometsa ayenera kulira ndi ena onse) kapena onani voteji. kugwa (ziyenera kukhala zofanana kwa aliyense) pafupi ndi lamellas pomwe DC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa iwo (pafupifupi 1A).

Pomaliza, tikukuwonetsani tebulo lokhazikika, lomwe limafotokozera mwachidule njira zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwunika izi kapena gawo loyambira.

Kufufuzidwa zinthu ndi njira	Solenoid relay	Nangula	Maburashi oyambira	Kuwombera koyambira	Bendix
Multimeter
Zowoneka
Battery
Babu babu
Makina

Ndikukhulupirira kuti mfundoyi yakuthandizani kudziwa momwe mungayang'anire sitata ndi manja anu m'galimoto, muli ndi batri kapena multimeter yomwe muli nayo. Monga mukuwonera, kuyang'ana koyambira kwa magwiridwe antchito sikungafune zida zamaluso kapena kudziwa zithunzithunzi za zingwe. Zofunikira maluso oyambira okha ntchito ohmmeter ndi Tester ndi nyale ulamuliro. Koma pokonza akatswiri, PPI imafunikanso, chida chowunikira anangula.