Momwe mungayang'anire masensa akuthamanga kwa tayala

Yang'anani zowunikira za tayala Sizotheka kokha pautumiki mothandizidwa ndi zida zapadera (chida chowunikira cha TPMS), popanda kuwachotsa pa gudumu, komanso paokha kunyumba kapena m'galimoto, pokhapokha atachotsedwa pa diski. Cheke imachitika mwadongosolo (pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zamagetsi) kapena mwamakina.

Chida cha sensor pressure tayala

Dongosolo loyang'anira kuthamanga kwa matayala (mu Chingerezi - TPMS - Tire Pressure Monitoring System) lili ndi zigawo ziwiri zofunika. Zoyamba ndizo zenizeni zowunikira zomwe zili pamawilo. Kuchokera kwa iwo, chizindikiro cha wailesi chimatumizidwa ku chipangizo cholandirira chomwe chili mu chipinda chokwera. Chipangizo cholandira, pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu omwe alipo, chimasonyeza kupanikizika pawindo ndipo kuchepa kwake kapena kusagwirizana ndi seti kumayatsa nyali yowunikira matayala.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya masensa - makina ndi zamagetsi. Zoyamba zimayikidwa m'malo mwa spool pa gudumu. Iwo ndi otsika mtengo, koma osati odalirika ndipo amalephera mwamsanga, choncho sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri. Koma zamagetsi zimamangidwa mu gudumu, zodalirika kwambiri. Chifukwa cha malo awo amkati, amatetezedwa bwino komanso olondola. Za iwo ndipo tidzakambirana zambiri. Sensa yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi imakhala ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• chinthu choyezera kuthamanga (pressure gauge) yomwe ili mkati mwa gudumu (tayala);
• microchip, ntchito yomwe ndi kutembenuza chizindikiro cha analogi kuchokera pa kupima kuthamanga kukhala zamagetsi;
• sensor mphamvu element (batire);
• accelerometer, yomwe ntchito yake ndi kuyeza kusiyana pakati pa mathamangitsidwe enieni ndi yokoka (izi ndizofunikira kuti muwongolere kuwerengera kupanikizika malinga ndi kuthamanga kwa angular kwa gudumu lozungulira);
• mlongoti (mu masensa ambiri, kapu yachitsulo ya nipple imakhala ngati mlongoti).

Ndi batire yanji yomwe ili mu sensa ya TPMS

Masensa ali ndi batire yomwe imatha kugwira ntchito popanda intaneti kwa nthawi yayitali. Nthawi zambiri awa ndi maselo a lithiamu okhala ndi voteji ya 3 volts. Zinthu za CR2450 zimayikidwa mu masensa omwe ali mkati mwa gudumu, ndipo CR2032 kapena CR1632 imayikidwa mu masensa okwera pa spool. Iwo ndi otchipa komanso odalirika. Wapakati moyo wa batire ndi 5…7 zaka.

Kodi ma frequency sensor a tayala ndi otani

Masensa akukakamiza matayala opangidwa kuti aziyika European и Waku Asia magalimoto amagwira ntchito pa wailesi pafupipafupi 433 MHz ndi 434 MHz, ndi masensa opangidwira Amereka makina - pa 315 MHz, izi zimakhazikitsidwa ndi miyezo yoyenera. Komabe, sensor iliyonse ili ndi code yakeyake. Choncho, masensa a galimoto imodzi sangathe kutumiza chizindikiro ku galimoto ina. Kuphatikiza apo, chipangizo cholandirira "chimawona" chomwe sensor, ndiko kuti, kuchokera ku gudumu lomwe chizindikirocho chimachokera.

Nthawi yotumizira imatengeranso dongosolo linalake. nthawi zambiri, izi zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi momwe galimoto ikuyendera komanso kupanikizika kwakukulu komwe kumakhala ndi gudumu lililonse. Nthawi zambiri nthawi yayitali kwambiri mukayendetsa pang'onopang'ono imakhala pafupifupi masekondi 60, ndipo liwiro likamakula, limatha kufika 3 ... 5 masekondi.

Mfundo ya ntchito ya tayala kuthamanga sensa

Njira zowunikira kupanikizika kwa matayala zimagwira ntchito paziwonetsero zachindunji komanso zosalunjika. Zomverera zimayesa magawo ena. Chifukwa chake, kuzizindikiro zosalunjika za kutsika kwa gudumu ndikuwonjezeka kwa liwiro la angular la kuzungulira kwa tayala lakuphwa. Ndipotu mphamvu imene ili mmenemo ikatsika, imachepa m’mimba mwake, choncho imazungulira mofulumira kuposa gudumu lina pa ekisi imodzi. Pankhaniyi, liwiro nthawi zambiri anakonza ndi masensa ABS dongosolo. Pachifukwa ichi, ma ABS ndi machitidwe owunikira matayala nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa.

Chizindikiro china chosadziwika cha tayala lakuphwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa mpweya wake ndi mphira. Izi ndichifukwa chakuwonjezeka kwa chigamba cholumikizana ndi gudumu ndi msewu. Kutentha kumalembedwa ndi masensa a kutentha. Masensa ambiri amakono amayesa nthawi imodzi kupanikizika kwa gudumu ndi kutentha kwa mpweya mmenemo. Masensa opanikizika ali ndi kutentha kwakukulu kogwiritsira ntchito. Pa avareji, imachokera ku -40 mpaka +125 madigiri Celsius.

Chabwino, machitidwe owongolera mwachindunji ndi muyeso mwadzina wa kuthamanga kwa mpweya m'magudumu. Nthawi zambiri, masensa oterowo amatengera magwiridwe antchito a piezoelectric zinthu, ndiye kuti, zoyezera zamagetsi zamagetsi.

Kukhazikitsa kwa masensa kumatengera gawo lomwe akuyezera. Ma sensor opanikizika nthawi zambiri amalembedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu owonjezera. Masensa a kutentha amayamba kugwira ntchito ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kapena kuchepa kwa kutentha, pamene akupitirira malire ovomerezeka. Ndipo dongosolo la ABS nthawi zambiri limayang'anira kuthamanga kwa kuzungulira, kotero masensa awa amayambitsidwa kupyoleramo.

Zizindikiro zochokera ku sensa sizimapita nthawi zonse, koma panthawi zina. M'machitidwe ambiri a TPMS, nthawi ya nthawi imakhala pa dongosolo la 60, komabe, m'machitidwe ena, pamene liwiro likuwonjezeka, mafupipafupi a chizindikiro, mpaka 2 ... 3 masekondi, amakhalanso kawirikawiri.

Kuchokera pa antenna yotumizira ya sensa iliyonse, chizindikiro cha wailesi chafupipafupi chimapita ku chipangizo cholandira. Chomalizacho chikhoza kuikidwa m'chipinda chokwera anthu kapena m'chipinda cha injini. Ngati magawo ogwiritsira ntchito mu gudumu amadutsa malire ovomerezeka, dongosololi limatumiza alamu ku dashboard kapena ku unit control unit.

Momwe mungalembetsere (kumanga) masensa

Pali njira zitatu zoyambira zomangira sensa ku chinthu cholandirira.

Njira zisanu ndi ziwiri zolumikizira masensa a tayala

• Zadzidzidzi. M'machitidwe oterowo, chipangizo cholandira pambuyo pa kuthamanga kwina (mwachitsanzo, makilomita 50) palokha "amawona" masensa ndikuwalembera kukumbukira.
• Zosasunthika. Zimatengera mwachindunji wopanga ndipo zikuwonetsedwa mu malangizo. Kuti mulembe, muyenera kukanikiza mabatani angapo kapena zochita zina.
• Kumanga kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera.

komanso, masensa ambiri amayamba basi pambuyo galimoto akuyamba kuyendetsa. kwa opanga osiyanasiyana, liwiro lolingana limatha kusiyana, koma nthawi zambiri ndi 10 .... Makilomita 20 pa ola.

Moyo wautumiki wa masensa akuthamanga kwa tayala

Moyo wautumiki wa sensa umadalira magawo ambiri. Choyamba, khalidwe lawo. Masensa oyambira "amakhala" pafupifupi zaka 5…7. Pambuyo pake, batri yawo nthawi zambiri imatulutsidwa. Komabe, masensa ambiri otsika mtengo akugwira ntchito mocheperapo. Nthawi zambiri, moyo wawo wautumiki ndi zaka ziwiri. Angakhalebe ndi mabatire, koma milandu yawo imasweka ndipo amayamba "kulephera". Mwachilengedwe, ngati sensa iliyonse imawonongeka mwamakina, moyo wake wautumiki ukhoza kuchepetsedwa kwambiri.

kulephera kwa masensa akuthamanga kwa tayala

Mosasamala za wopanga, nthawi zambiri, kulephera kwa sensa kumakhala kofanana. ndiye, zolephera zotsatirazi za sensa ya kuthamanga kwa tayala zitha kuchitika:

• Kulephera kwa batri. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimachititsa kuti galimoto yamagetsi yamagetsi isagwire ntchito. Batire ikhoza kungotaya mtengo wake (makamaka ngati sensayo ndi yakale kale).
• Kuwonongeka kwa mlongoti. Nthawi zambiri, kuthamanga sensa mlongoti ndi zitsulo kapu pa gudumu nipple. Ngati kapu yawonongeka ndi makina, ndiye kuti chizindikirocho sichingabwere konse, kapena chikhoza kubwera molakwika.

• Dinani pa sensa ya nyimbo zaukadaulo. Kuchita kwa sensa ya tayala yagalimoto kumatengera ukhondo wake. ndicho, musalole mankhwala mumsewu kapena dothi chabe, matayala conditioner kapena njira zina cholinga kuteteza matayala kufika pa kachipangizo nyumba.
• Kuwonongeka kwa sensor. Thupi lake liyenera kugwedezeka ku tsinde la valve ya nipple. Sensa ya TPMS imatha kuwonongeka chifukwa cha ngozi, kukonza magudumu osapambana, galimoto ikugunda chopinga chachikulu, chabwino, kapena chifukwa chakulephera kukhazikitsa / kugwetsa. Mukachotsa gudumu pamalo ogulitsira matayala, chenjezani antchito nthawi zonse za kukhalapo kwa masensa!
• Kumamatira kapu pa ulusi. Ma transducer ena amagwiritsa ntchito kapu yakunja ya pulasitiki. Ali ndi ma radio transmitter mkati. Chifukwa chake, zipewa zachitsulo sizingasokonezedwe, chifukwa zikutheka kuti amangomamatira ku chubu cha sensor mothandizidwa ndi chinyezi ndi mankhwala ndipo sikungatheke kuwamasula. Pankhaniyi, amangodulidwa ndipo, kwenikweni, sensa imalephera.
• Depressurization ya sensor nipple. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri pakuyika masensa ngati chosindikizira cha nayiloni chosindikizira sichinakhazikitsidwe pakati pa nsonga ndi mphira wamkati, kapena m'malo mwa makina ochapira zitsulo m'malo mwa makina ochapira nayiloni. Chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kolakwika, mpweya wokhazikika umawonekera. Ndipo potsirizira pake, ndizothekanso kuti puck imamatira ku nipple. Ndiye muyenera kudula mtedza, kusintha koyenera.

Momwe mungayang'anire masensa akuthamanga kwa tayala

Kuyang'ana gudumu la kuthamanga kwa sensor kumayamba ndi cheke yokhala ndi choyezera champhamvu. Ngati mphamvu yopimira ikuwonetsa kuti kuthamanga kwa tayala ndi kosiyana ndi komwe kumadziwika, pompopompo. Sensa ikadali ikuchita molakwika pambuyo pake kapena cholakwikacho sichichoka, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamuyo kapena chida chapadera, ndikuchichotsa ndikuwunikanso.

Chonde dziwani kuti musanachotse sensa pa gudumu, mpweya uyenera kumasulidwa kuchokera ku tayala. Ndipo muyenera kuchita izi pa gudumu lotumizidwa. Ndiko kuti, m'magalasi, mothandizidwa ndi jack, muyenera kupachika mawilo motsatizana.

Momwe mungadziwire kachipangizo kolakwika kwa tayala

Choyamba, muyenera kuyang'ana magwiridwe antchito a masensa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati ndikuwona ngati kuwala kwa chenjezo la tayala pa dashboard kuyatsa kapena kuzimitsa. M'magalimoto ena, ECU imayang'anira izi. Chenjezo lidzawonekeranso pagulu lomwe likuwonetsa sensor inayake yomwe ikuwonetsa kupanikizika kolakwika kapena kusakhalapo konse kwa chizindikiro. Komabe, si magalimoto onse omwe ali ndi nyali yowonetsa mavuto ndi sensa ya tayala. Pa ambiri, zidziwitso zoyenera zimaperekedwa mwachindunji ku gawo lowongolera zamagetsi, ndiyeno cholakwika chikuwonekera. Ndipo zitangochitika izi ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mapulogalamu a masensa.

Kwa oyendetsa galimoto wamba, pali njira yabwino yowonera kuthamanga kwa tayala popanda choyezera kuthamanga. Kuchita izi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito sikani chipangizo ELM 327 Baibulo 1,5 ndi apamwamba. Algorithm yotsimikizira ili motere:

Chithunzi chojambula cha pulogalamu ya HobDrive. Ndingapeze bwanji kachipangizo kolakwika tayala

• muyenera kutsitsa ndikuyika pulogalamu yaulere ya HobDrive pazida zam'manja kuti mugwire ntchito ndi galimoto inayake.
• Pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamuyo, muyenera "kulumikizana" ndi chida chowunikira.
• Pitani ku zoikamo pulogalamu. Kuti muchite izi, yambitsani ntchito ya "Zowonera", kenako "Zikhazikiko".
• Mu menyu, muyenera kusankha "Galimoto magawo" ntchito. chotsatira - "Zokonda za ECU".
• Mu mzere wamtundu wa ECU, muyenera kusankha mtundu wagalimoto ndi mtundu wa pulogalamu yake, kenako dinani batani Chabwino, potero kusunga zokonda zosankhidwa.
• Kenako, muyenera kukhazikitsa magawo a masensa tayala. Kuti muchite izi, pitani ku gawo la "TPMS parameters".
• Kenako pa "Type" ndi "TPMS yosowa kapena yomangidwa". Izi zidzakhazikitsa pulogalamuyo.
• ndiye, kuyang'ana matayala, muyenera kubwerera ku "Zojambula" menyu ndi kukanikiza "Tiro kuthamanga" batani.
• Chidziwitso chidzawonekera pazenera mu mawonekedwe a chithunzi chokhudza kuthamanga kwa tayala linalake la galimoto, komanso kutentha kwake.
• komanso mu ntchito ya "Zowonera", mutha kuwona zambiri za sensa iliyonse, yomwe ndi ID yake.
• Ngati pulogalamuyo sipereka zambiri za sensa ina, ndiye kuti ndiye "wolakwa" wa cholakwikacho.

Kwa magalimoto opangidwa ndi VAG ndi cholinga chofanana, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya Vasya Diagnostic (VagCom). Algorithm yotsimikizira ikuchitika motere:

• Sensa imodzi iyenera kusiyidwa mu gudumu lopuma ndikuyikidwa mu thunthu. Ziwiri zakutsogolo ziyenera kuyikidwa mu kanyumba pafupi ndi zitseko za oyendetsa ndi okwera, motsatana. Masensa akumbuyo amayenera kuyikidwa m'makona osiyanasiyana a thunthu, kumanja ndi kumanzere, pafupi ndi mawilo.
• Kuti muwone momwe mabatire alili, muyenera kuyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati kapena kungoyatsa kuyatsa kwa injini. ndiye muyenera kupita kwa olamulira nambala 65 kuyambira woyamba mpaka 16 gulu. Pali magulu atatu pa sensa iliyonse. Ngati zonse zili bwino, pulogalamuyo iwonetsa kupanikizika kwa zero, kutentha ndi mawonekedwe a batri la sensor.
• Mutha kuyang'ana momwemo momwe masensa amayankhira kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, kuwayika mosinthana pansi pa chopotoka chofunda, kapena mu thunthu lozizira.
• Kuti muwone momwe mabatire alili, muyenera kupita ku nambala 65 yowongolera, mwachitsanzo, magulu 002, 005, 008, 011, 014. Pamenepo, chidziwitso chikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa batri iliyonse yomwe akuti idasiya kugwira ntchito m'miyezi. Poyerekeza chidziwitsochi ndi kutentha komwe mwapatsidwa, mutha kupanga chisankho chabwino chosinthira sensa imodzi kapena batri yokha.

Kuyang'ana batire

Pa sensa yochotsedwa, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikuwunika batire yake (batire). Malinga ndi ziwerengero, ndi chifukwa cha vutoli pomwe sensor nthawi zambiri imasiya kugwira ntchito. Kawirikawiri, batire imapangidwira mu thupi la sensor ndipo imatsekedwa ndi chivundikiro chotetezera. Komabe, pali masensa omwe ali ndi vuto losindikizidwa kwathunthu, ndiye kuti, momwe kusintha kwa batri sikuperekedwa. Zimamveka kuti masensa oterewa amafunika kusinthidwa kwathunthu. Kawirikawiri, masensa a ku Ulaya ndi ku America sasiyanitsidwa, pamene masensa aku Korea ndi aku Japan amatha kugwedezeka, ndiko kuti, amatha kusintha batri.

Chifukwa chake, ngati vutolo likutha, ndiye kuti, malinga ndi kapangidwe ka sensa, iyenera kuchotsedwa ndikuchotsa batire. Pambuyo pake, m'malo mwatsopano, yang'anani ntchito ya sensa ya tayala. Ngati sichikugwedezeka, ndiye kuti muyenera kusintha, kapena kutsegula chikwamacho ndikutulutsa batire, ndikumatanso mlanduwo.

Batire lathyathyathya "mapiritsi" ndi voteji mwadzina 3 volts. Komabe, mabatire atsopano nthawi zambiri amapereka mphamvu yamagetsi pafupifupi 3,3 volts, ndipo monga momwe zimasonyezera, mphamvu yamagetsi imatha "kulephera" pamene batire imatulutsidwa ku 2,9 volts.

Zogwirizana ndi masensa omwe amakwera pa chinthu chimodzi kwa zaka zisanu ndi zina, mpaka 7 ... zaka 10. Mukayika sensor yatsopano, nthawi zambiri imafunika kukhazikitsidwa. Izi zimachitika ndi mapulogalamu, kutengera dongosolo lenileni.

Kuwona zowoneka

Mukayang'ana, onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana sensor mwachiwonekere. ndiko kuti, kuona ngati thupi lake lathyoka, losweka, ngati chinathyoledwa. Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa ku kukhulupirika kwa kapu pa nipple, popeza, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, muzojambula zambiri zimakhala ngati mlongoti wotumizira. Ngati kapu yawonongeka, iyenera kusinthidwa ndi yatsopano. Ngati nyumba ya sensa yawonongeka, mwayi wobwezeretsa ntchito ndi wochepa kwambiri.

Mayeso opanikizika

Masensa a TPMS amathanso kuyesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zopangidwa mwapadera. ndiko kuti, pali zipinda zapadera zachitsulo pamashopu a matayala, omwe amasindikizidwa bwino. Amakhala ndi masensa oyesedwa. Ndipo pambali pa bokosilo pali payipi ya rabara yokhala ndi nsonga yopopa mpweya mu voliyumu yake.

Mapangidwe ofanana amatha kumangidwa paokha. Mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku galasi kapena pulasitiki botolo ndi chivindikiro hermetically losindikizidwa. Ndipo ikani sensa mmenemo, ndikugwirizanitsa payipi yosindikizidwa yofanana ndi nipple. Komabe, vuto apa ndikuti, choyamba, sensa iyi iyenera kutumiza chizindikiro kwa polojekiti. Ngati palibe polojekiti, cheke choterocho sichingatheke. Ndipo chachiwiri, muyenera kudziwa magawo luso la sensa ndi mbali ya ntchito yake.

Kutsimikizira ndi njira zapadera

Ntchito zapadera nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zida zapadera ndi mapulogalamu owunikira ma sensor a tayala. Chimodzi mwazodziwika kwambiri ndi zowunikira zowunikira zowunikira kupanikizika ndi kukakamiza masensa kuchokera ku Autel. Mwachitsanzo, imodzi mwa zitsanzo zosavuta ndi Autel TS408 TPMS. Ndi iyo, mutha kuyambitsa ndikuzindikira pafupifupi sensor iliyonse yamphamvu. ndicho, thanzi lake, udindo batire, kutentha, kusintha zoikamo ndi zoikamo mapulogalamu.

Komabe, kuipa kwa zipangizo zoterezi ndizodziwikiratu - mtengo wawo wapamwamba. Mwachitsanzo, chitsanzo choyambirira cha chipangizochi, kuyambira masika 2020, ndi pafupifupi 25 zikwi rubles Russian.

Kukonza sensa ya matayala

Njira zokonzekera zidzatengera zifukwa zomwe sensa inalephera. Mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wodzikonza nokha ndikusintha kwa batri. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, masensa ambiri amakhala ndi nyumba yosalekanitsidwa, kotero zimamveka kuti batire silingasinthidwe mwa iwo.

Ngati nyumba ya sensa ndi yosasiyanitsidwa, ndiye kuti ikhoza kutsegulidwa m'njira ziwiri kuti isinthe batri. Choyamba ndi kudula, chachiwiri ndikusungunuka, mwachitsanzo, ndi chitsulo chosungunuka. Mukhoza kudula ndi hacksaw, jigsaw dzanja, mpeni wamphamvu kapena zinthu zofanana. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chosungunula kuti musungunuke pulasitiki ya nyumbayo mosamala kwambiri, makamaka ngati nyumba ya sensor ndi yaying'ono. Ndi bwino ntchito yaing'ono ndi ofooka soldering chitsulo. Kusintha batire palokha sikovuta. Chinthu chachikulu si kusokoneza mtundu wa batri ndi polarity. Mukasintha batri, musaiwale kuti sensor iyenera kukhazikitsidwa mu dongosolo. Nthawi zina izi zimachitika zokha, koma nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha izi, pamagalimoto enieni, algorithm.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pa magalimoto Kia ndi Hyundai, choyambirira matayala kuthamanga masensa satha zaka zosapitirira zisanu. Ngakhalenso kuwonjezeranso mabatire nthawi zambiri sikuthandiza. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amasinthidwa ndi atsopano.

Pogwetsa tayala, masensa amphamvu nthawi zambiri amawononga nipple. Njira imodzi yothetsera vutoli ndi kudula ulusi pakatikati pa nsonga ya nsonga ndi mpopi. Kawirikawiri izi ndi ulusi wa 6 mm. Ndipo motere, ndiye kuti muyenera kutenga nsongayo ku kamera yakale ndikudula mphira yonse. kupitilira apo, mofananamo, dulani ulusi wakunja wa m'mimba mwake ndi phula. Ndipo kuphatikiza awiriwa analandira zambiri. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunika kuchiza chomangacho ndi sealant.

Ngati galimoto yanu poyamba inalibe zida zogwiritsira ntchito matayala, ndiye kuti pali machitidwe onse omwe angathe kugulidwa ndikuyikanso. Komabe, monga akatswiri amanenera, nthawi zambiri machitidwe oterowo, ndipo motero, masensawo amakhala osakhalitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, mukakhazikitsa sensor yatsopano mu gudumu, ikuyenera kukonzedwanso! Chifukwa chake, pakuyika ndi kusanja, ndikofunikira kufunafuna thandizo kuchokera ku cholumikizira matayala, popeza zida zoyenera zilipo.

Pomaliza

Choyamba, chomwe chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa pa sensa ya tayala ndi batri. Makamaka ngati sensa yakhala ikugwira ntchito kwa zaka zoposa zisanu. Ndikwabwino kuyang'ana sensor pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera. Mukasintha sensa ndi yatsopano, ndikofunikira "kulembetsa" mu dongosolo kuti "iwone" ndikugwira ntchito moyenera. Ndipo musaiwale, posintha matayala, kuchenjeza wogwira ntchito yolumikizira matayala kuti sensor yokakamiza imayikidwa mu gudumu.