Momwe mungayang'anire chojambulira cha Hall

Hall Sensor

Zofunika chekeni kachipangizo zimawonekera pakakhala zovuta ndi dongosolo loyatsira galimoto, chifukwa chake muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti zigawo zake zonse zikugwira ntchito, ndiye sensa yopanda pake. Choncho tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane mfundo ya ntchito, zizindikiro za kulephera ndi mmene angayang'anire kachipangizo Hall ndi manja anu.

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito sensa ndi mawonekedwe ake

Pantchito yake, sensor imagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a Hall, omwe adapezekanso m'zaka za zana la 70. Komabe, adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito kokha m'zaka za 80-XNUMX zazaka zapitazi, pamene opanga magalimoto anayamba kusintha kuchokera ku machitidwe opangira magetsi kupita kumagetsi.

Mfundo ya ntchito ya sensa ndi yosavuta. Pamene shaft ya injini yoyaka mkati imazungulira, masamba achitsulo amadutsa m'mipata ya nyumba yake. Amapereka mphamvu yamagetsi ku chosinthira, chifukwa chake chomaliza chimatsegula transistor ndikupereka voteji ku coil yoyatsira. Kenako, imatembenuza siginecha yotsika-voltage kukhala yamagetsi apamwamba, ndikuidyetsa ku spark plug.

Mwapangidwe, sensa ili ndi olumikizana atatu:

• yolumikizira pansi (thupi lamagalimoto);
• polumikiza magetsi ndi chikwangwani "+" komanso mtengo wake pafupifupi 6 V;
• kutumiza chizindikiritso chazomwe zimachokera kwa commutator.

Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito chojambulira cha Hall effect mu makina oyatsira pamagetsi, pali zinthu ziwiri zofunika - palibe gulu lothandizira (chomwe chimayaka nthawi zonse), ndi voteji yapamwamba kudutsa kandulo poyatsira (30 kV motsutsana 15 kV).

Popeza masensa Hall amagwiritsidwanso ntchito braking ndi odana loko kachitidwe, ntchito tachometer, chipangizo chimagwira ntchito zotsatirazi galimoto:

• kumawonjezera ntchito galimoto;
• imathandizira kachitidwe ka magalimoto onse.

Zotsatira zake, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwagalimoto kumawonjezeka, komanso chitetezo chake.

Chojambulira cha Hall cha VAZ 2107

Chojambulira cha Hall cha VAZ 2109

Chojambulira cha Hall cha VAZ 2110

Zizindikiro za sensa ya Hall yosweka

Kutha kwa sensa kumaonekera m'njira zosiyanasiyana... Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira ngakhale kwa mmisiri waluso. Nazi zina mwazizindikiro zodziwika bwino za Hall Hall ndi mavuto:

• ayamba zoipa kapena injini kuyaka mkati sayamba konse;
• kutuluka mu injini idling;
• "Kugwedeza" galimoto pamene mukuyendetsa pa liwiro lalikulu;
• Zogulitsa za ICE pamene mukuyendetsa.

Ngati galimoto yanu ili ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwazizindikirozi, muyenera kuyang'ana kachipangizo.

Momwe mungayang'anire chojambulira cha Hall

Alipo njira zingapo zotsimikizira... Mwachidule, achita izi:

Cheke chothandizira kugwiritsira ntchito Hall (chithunzi)

• Kupanga kuyerekezera kwakupezeka kwa kachipangizo ka Hall... Njira yotsimikizirayi yachangu kwambiri ndipo ndi oyenera ngati pali mphamvu pa mfundo za poyatsira, koma palibe moto. Pachifukwa ichi, chipika cha mapulagi atatu chimachotsedwa kwa wogawa. ndiye muyenera kuyatsa poyatsira galimoto, ndi kulumikiza (pafupi ndi chidutswa cha waya) zotuluka 3 ndi 2 (pini zoipa ndi kukhudzana chizindikiro). Ngati mu ndondomeko pa pakati waya wa poyatsira koyilo kuthetheka kudzawonekera - amatanthauza, kachipangizo ndi kunja kwa dongosolo... Dziwani kuti kuti muwone kuphulika, muyenera kugwira waya wamagetsi othamanga pafupi ndi nthaka.
• Kuyesa kwa sensor yamaholo ndi multimeter, njira yodziwika kwambiri. Ndi cheke chotere, multimeter (tester) imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti tichite izi, ndikwanira kuyeza voteji pakutulutsa kwa sensor. Ngati ikugwira ntchito, ndiye kuti voliyumu iyenera kukhala mkati 0,4…11 V.
• Kusintha chida cholakwika ndikudziwika... Mutha kuchipeza kwa anzanu omwe ali ndi galimoto yokhala ndi sensa yomweyo. Ngati, m'malo mwanu, mavuto omwe amakusowetsani atha, muyenera kugula ndikusintha kachipangizo cha Hall ndi chatsopano.

Kuyesa kwa sensor yamaholo

Nyumba yamagetsi, fufuzani ndi multimeter.

komanso njira imodzi yodziwika bwino ndikuwunika kukana kudutsa sensor. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupanga chipangizo chosavuta, chokhala ndi 1 kΩ resistor, LED ndi mawaya osinthasintha. Kukaniza kumagulitsidwa ku mwendo wa LED, ndipo mawaya awiri amalumikizidwa ndi kutalika komwe kuli koyenera kugwira ntchito (osati lalifupi).

Kenako chotsani kapu yogawa, kulumikiza wogawa ndi plug box. Kenako, yang'anani thanzi la dera lamagetsi. Kuti muchite izi, multimeter yamagetsi (voltmeter) imalumikizidwa ku terminal 1 ndi 3, kenako kuyatsa kwagalimoto kumayatsidwa. Pazikhalidwe zabwinobwino, mtengo womwe umapezeka pazenera la mita uyenera kukhala mkati 10…12 V.

kupitilira apo, timalumikizanso chipangizocho kumaterminal omwewo. Ngati mumaganizira bwino ndi polarity, LED imayatsa. Apo ayi, muyenera kusintha mawaya. Njira inanso ndi iyi:

• musakhudze waya wolumikizidwa ndi terminal yoyamba;
• mapeto kuchokera kudera lachitatu amasamutsidwa kwa mphindi yachiwiri yaulere;
• Timatembenuza camshaft (pamanja kapena poyambira).

Ngati nyaliyo imanyezimira pakuzungulira kwa shaft, ndiye kuti zonse zili mchimake, ndipo chojambulira cha Hall sichiyenera kusinthidwa.

Dziwani kuti ndondomeko ya kufufuza kachipangizo Hall pa VAZ 2109, Audi 80, Volkswagen Passat B3 ndi magalimoto ena ikuchitika chimodzimodzi. Kusiyana kuli kokha mu malo a munthu mbali pansi pa nyumba ya galimoto.

Kusintha kwa sensa yamaholo

Kusintha kachipangizo ka Hall VAZ 2109

Ganizirani njirayi m'malo mwa sensor ya Hall pagalimoto ya VAZ 2109... Njirayi ndiyosavuta, ndipo siyimayambitsa zovuta ngakhale kwa omwe amakonda kwambiri magalimoto. Algorithm yake ndi iyi:

• Gawo loyamba ndikuchotsa wogawa mgalimoto.
• Pambuyo pake, chivundikiro cha wogawa chimachotsedwa. Kenako muyenera kuphatikiza zizindikiro za makina ogawa gasi ndi chizindikiro cha crankshaft.
• Ndiye zomangira zimasulidwa ndi wrench. Poterepa, musaiwale kuyika chizindikiro ndikukumbukira komwe amagawa.
• Ngati m'nyumba muli zingwe kapena zoyimitsa, ziyeneranso kuchotsedwa.
• Pa sitepe yotsatira, chotsani shaft kuchokera kwa wogawira.
• kulumikizanso ma terminals a sensa ya Hall, ndikumasulanso mabawuti okwera.
• Chojambuliracho chimachotsedwa kudzera mu mpata wopangidwa.
• Kuyika kwa sensor yatsopano ya Hall effect kumachitika mozondoka.

Pomaliza

Dziwani kuti sikoyenera kukonza sensa ya Hall, chifukwa ndiyotsika mtengo (pafupifupi $ 3 ... 5). Ngati mukukhulupirira kuti kuwonongeka kwagalimoto kumalumikizidwa ndendende ndi sensa yomwe tatchulayi, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mupite kumalo ogulitsira magalimoto apafupi ndikugula chipangizo chatsopano. Zikavuta poyang'ana kapena kusintha sensa ya Hall, funsani amisiri omwe amagwira ntchito pamalo operekera chithandizo kuti akuthandizeni.