Momwe mungayang'anire DBP

Ngati mukukayikira kusweka kwa sensor yamphamvu ya mpweya muzobweleza zambiri, oyendetsa ali ndi chidwi ndi funso ngati momwe mungayang'anire DBP ndi manja anu omwe. Izi zitha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri - kugwiritsa ntchito multimeter, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamapulogalamu.

Komabe, kuti muyese cheke cha DBP ndi ma multimeter, muyenera kukhala ndi dera lamagetsi lagalimoto pamanja kuti mudziwe omwe mungalumikizidwe ndi ma multimeter.

Zizindikiro za DAD wosweka

Ndi kulephera kwathunthu kapena pang'ono kwa sensor yamphamvu kwambiri (imadziwikanso kuti MAP sensor, Manifold Absolute Pressure) kunja, kuwonongeka kumawonekera mumikhalidwe iyi:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti sensa imatumiza deta yolakwika pamayendedwe a mpweya pamakompyuta, ndipo motero, gawo lowongolera limapereka lamulo lopereka mafuta ochulukirapo kuposa momwe amafunikira.
• Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya injini yoyaka mkati. Izi zimadziwonetsera pakuthamanga kofooka komanso kusakwanira kokwanira pamene galimoto ikuyenda kukwera ndi / kapena yodzaza.
• Pali kununkhira kosalekeza kwa mafuta m'dera la throttle. Izi ndichifukwa choti nthawi zonse imasefukira.
• Kuthamanga kosakhazikika kosagwira ntchito. Mtengo wawo umatsika kapena kukwera popanda kukanikiza chowongolera, ndipo poyendetsa, kumenya kumamveka ndipo galimoto imagwedezeka.
• "Kulephera" kwa injini yoyaka mkati mwa njira zosakhalitsa, zomwe zimasintha magiya, kuyambitsa galimoto kuchokera kumalo, kubwereza.
• Mavuto ndi kuyambitsa injini. Komanso, onse "otentha" ndi "ozizira".
• Kupanga kukumbukira zolakwika zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi ma code p0105, p0106, p0107, p0108 ndi p0109.

Zambiri mwa zizindikiro za kulephera zomwe zafotokozedwa ndizofala ndipo zimatha chifukwa cha zifukwa zina. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zonse muyenera kuchita kafukufuku wambiri, ndipo muyenera kuyamba, choyamba, ndikusanthula zolakwika pakompyuta.

Njira yabwino yodziwira matenda ndi autoscanner yamitundu yambiri Rokodil ScanX Pro. Chipangizo choterocho chidzalola onse kuti awerenge zolakwika ndikuyang'ana deta kuchokera ku sensa mu nthawi yeniyeni. Chifukwa cha chip KW680 ndi chithandizo cha CAN, J1850PWM, J1850VPW, ISO9141 protocol, mutha kuyilumikiza kugalimoto iliyonse yokhala ndi OBD2.

Momwe makina anzeru amagwirira ntchito

Musanayambe kuyang'ana mtheradi mpweya kuthamanga sensa, muyenera kumvetsa kapangidwe ndi mfundo ntchito mawu ambiri. Izi zithandizira ndondomeko yotsimikizira yokha komanso kulondola kwa zotsatira zake.

Chifukwa chake, m'nyumba ya sensayi muli chipinda chopumulira chokhala ndi chowunikira (chopinga chomwe chimasintha kukana kwake kwamagetsi kutengera mapindikidwe) ndi nembanemba, yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi kulumikizana kwa mlatho kumayendedwe amagetsi agalimoto (pafupifupi kuyankhula), ku gawo loyang'anira zamagetsi, ECU). Chifukwa cha ntchito ya injini yoyaka mkati, kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumasintha, komwe kumakhazikitsidwa ndi nembanemba ndikuyerekeza ndi vacuum (motero dzina - "mtheradi" kuthamanga sensa). Chidziwitso chokhudza kusintha kwamphamvu chimaperekedwa ku kompyuta, pamaziko omwe gawo lowongolera limasankha kuchuluka kwamafuta omwe amaperekedwa kuti apange kusakaniza koyenera kwa mpweya. Kuzungulira kwathunthu kwa sensor ndi motere:

• Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kuthamanga, nembanemba imapunduka.
• Matembenuzidwe odziwika a nembanemba amakonzedwa ndi strain gauge.
• Mothandizidwa ndi kugwirizana kwa mlatho, kukana kosinthika kumasinthidwa kukhala magetsi osinthika, omwe amatumizidwa ku chipangizo chowongolera zamagetsi.
• Kutengera zomwe zalandilidwa, ECU imasintha kuchuluka kwamafuta omwe amaperekedwa kwa ma injectors.

Masensa amakono amphamvu kwambiri amalumikizidwa ndi kompyuta pogwiritsa ntchito mawaya atatu - mphamvu, pansi ndi waya wamawu. Chifukwa chake, kufunikira kwa kutsimikizira nthawi zambiri kumachokera ku mfundo yakuti kuti pogwiritsa ntchito multimeter, yang'anani mtengo wa kukana ndi voteji pa mawaya otchulidwa pansi pa machitidwe osiyanasiyana a injini yoyaka mkati zambiri ndi sensa ndiyo. Masensa ena a MAP ali ndi mawaya anayi. Kuphatikiza pa mawaya atatuwa, wachinayi amawonjezedwa kwa iwo, kudzera momwe chidziwitso chokhudza kutentha kwa mpweya muzolowera zambiri chimaperekedwa.

M'magalimoto ambiri, sensor yamphamvu kwambiri imakhala pamlingo wokwanira wolowera. Pamagalimoto akale, imatha kukhala pamizere yandege yosinthika ndikukhazikika kugalimoto yamagalimoto. Pankhani yokonza injini ya turbocharged, DBP nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pamayendedwe apamlengalenga.

Ngati kupanikizika muzolowera kumachepa, ndiye kuti mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi sensa idzakhalanso yochepa, ndipo mosemphanitsa, pamene kupanikizika kumawonjezeka, mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imaperekedwa ngati chizindikiro kuchokera ku DBP kupita ku ECU imakulanso. Chifukwa chake, ndi damper yotseguka bwino, ndiye kuti, pakutsika pang'ono (pafupifupi 20 kPa, mosiyana ndi makina osiyanasiyana), mtengo wamagetsi wamagetsi udzakhala wa 1 ... 1,5 Volts. Ndi damper yatsekedwa, ndiko kuti, pa kuthamanga kwambiri (pafupifupi 110 kPa ndi pamwamba), mtengo wamagetsi wofanana udzakhala 4,6 ... 4,8 Volts.

Kuwona sensor ya DBP

Kuyang'ana mtheradi kupanikizika sensa mu zobwezedwa zimatsikira kuti choyamba muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti ndi woyera, ndipo moyenerera, tilinazo kusintha kwa mpweya kuyenda, ndiyeno kupeza kukana kwake ndi linanena bungwe voteji pa nthawi ya. ntchito ya injini yoyaka moto mkati.

Kuyeretsa mtheradi kuthamanga sensa

Chonde dziwani kuti chifukwa cha ntchito yake, mphamvu yamagetsi yowonongeka imatsekedwa pang'onopang'ono ndi dothi, zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwa nembanemba, zomwe zingayambitse kulephera kwa DBP. Chifukwa chake, musanayang'ane sensa, iyenera kuchotsedwa ndikutsukidwa.

Kuti ayeretse, sensa iyenera kuchotsedwa pampando wake. Malingana ndi mapangidwe ndi chitsanzo cha galimotoyo, njira zoyikiramo ndi malo zidzasiyana. Ma ICE okhala ndi Turbocharged nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi masensa awiri amphamvu kwambiri, imodzi mwazochulukitsa zomwe amadya, ina pa turbine. Nthawi zambiri sensa imamangiriridwa ndi bolt imodzi kapena ziwiri zokwera.

Kuyeretsa kwa sensa kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala, pogwiritsa ntchito oyeretsa apadera a carb kapena oyeretsa ofanana. Poyeretsa, muyenera kuyeretsa thupi lake, komanso kukhudzana. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuti musawononge mphete yosindikizira, zinthu zanyumba, zolumikizana ndi nembanemba. Mukungoyenera kuwaza kachipangizo kakang'ono koyeretsa mkati ndikutsanuliranso pamodzi ndi dothi.

Nthawi zambiri, kuyeretsa kosavuta koteroko kumabwezeretsa kale ntchito ya MAP sensor ndipo palibe chifukwa chochitiranso zina. Chifukwa chake mutatha kuyeretsa, mutha kuyika sensor yamphamvu ya mpweya ndikuwunika momwe injini yoyaka moto imagwirira ntchito. Ngati sizinathandize, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kupita kukawona DBP ndi woyesa.

Kuyang'ana mtheradi wa pressure sensor ndi multimeter

Kuti muwone, fufuzani kuchokera m'buku lokonzekera kuti waya ndi kukhudzana ndi chiyani zomwe zili mu sensa inayake, ndiko kuti, mphamvu, pansi ndi mawaya amtundu wanji (chizindikiro pa nkhani ya sensa ya waya anayi).

kuti muwone momwe mungayang'anire sensor yamphamvu ndi multimeter, choyamba muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti waya pakati pa kompyuta ndi sensa yokhayokhayo imakhala yolimba ndipo siyifupikitsa kulikonse, chifukwa kulondola kwa zotsatira kudzadalira izi. . Izi zimachitikanso pogwiritsa ntchito multimeter yamagetsi. Ndi izi, muyenera kuyang'ana kukhulupirika kwa mawaya kuti mupume komanso kukhulupirika kwa kusungunula (onani kufunikira kwa kukana kwazitsulo pamawaya amodzi).

Taganizirani kukhazikitsa cheke lolingana chitsanzo cha galimoto Chevrolet Lacetti. Ali ndi mawaya atatu oyenera sensa - mphamvu, nthaka ndi chizindikiro. Waya wamagetsi amapita molunjika ku gawo lowongolera zamagetsi. "Misa" imagwirizanitsidwa ndi minuses ya masensa ena - kutentha kwa mpweya kumalowa m'masilinda ndi mpweya wa okosijeni. Waya woperekera amalumikizidwa ndi sensor ya pressure mu air conditioning system. Kufufuza kwinanso kwa sensa ya DBP kumachitika molingana ndi algorithm iyi:

• Muyenera kuletsa choyimira choyipa kuchokera ku batri.
• Lumikizani chipika kuchokera pamagetsi owongolera magetsi. Ngati tilingalira Lacetti, ndiye galimoto ili pansi pa nyumba kumanzere, pafupi ndi batire.
• Chotsani cholumikizira ku sensa yamphamvu kwambiri.
• Khazikitsani ma multimeter amagetsi kuti ayeze kukana kwamagetsi ndi mitundu pafupifupi 200 ohms (kutengera mtundu wa multimeter).
• Yang'anani mtengo wotsutsa wa ma probe a multimeter mwa kungowalumikiza palimodzi. Chophimbacho chidzawonetsa mtengo wa kukana kwawo, zomwe pambuyo pake zidzafunika kuganiziridwa poyesa (nthawi zambiri zimakhala pafupifupi 1 ohm).
• Chofufuza chimodzi cha multimeter chiyenera kulumikizidwa ndi pini nambala 13 pa chipika cha ECU. Kufufuza kwachiwiri kumalumikizidwanso ndi kulumikizana koyamba kwa block sensor. umu ndi momwe waya wapansi umatchedwa. Ngati wayayo sali bwino ndipo kusungunula kwake sikunawonongeke, ndiye kuti mtengo wotsutsa pawindo la chipangizocho udzakhala pafupifupi 1 ... 2 Ohm.
• kenako muyenera kukoka ma harnesses ndi mawaya. Izi zimachitidwa pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti wayayo sanawonongeke ndikusintha kukana kwake pamene galimoto ikuyenda. Pankhaniyi, zowerengera pa multimeter siziyenera kusintha ndikukhala pamlingo wofanana ndi static.
• Ndi kafukufuku umodzi, gwirizanitsani ndi nambala 50 pa block block, ndipo ndi kafukufuku wachiwiri, gwirizanitsani ndi wachitatu pa block block. Umu ndi momwe waya wamagetsi "mphete", momwe ma volts 5 amaperekedwa ku sensa.
• Ngati wayayo ali bwino komanso osawonongeka, ndiye kuti mtengo wotsutsa pazithunzi za multimeter udzakhalanso pafupifupi 1 ... 2 Ohm. Mofananamo, muyenera kukoka chingwe kuti muteteze kuwonongeka kwa waya mu cholankhulira.
• Lumikizani kafukufuku wina kuti musindikize nambala 75 pa chipika cha ECU, ndipo chachiwiri kukhudzana ndi chizindikiro, ndiye kuti, nambala yachiwiri yolumikizana pa block sensor (pakati).
• Mofananamo, ngati wayayo sanawonongeke, ndiye kuti kukana kwa waya kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 1 ... 2 ohms. mumafunikanso kukoka chingwe ndi mawaya kuti muwonetsetse kuti kukhudzana ndi kutsekemera kwa mawaya ndi odalirika.

Pambuyo poyang'ana kukhulupirika kwa mawaya ndi kutsekemera kwawo, muyenera kuyang'ana ngati mphamvu imabwera ku sensa kuchokera kumagetsi oyendetsa magetsi (opereka 5 Volts). Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kulumikizanso chipika cha kompyuta ku gawo lowongolera (kukhazikitsa pampando wake). Pambuyo pake, timayikanso choyimira pa batri ndikuyatsa choyatsira popanda kuyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati. Ndi ma probes a multimeter, osinthidwa kupita ku DC voltage kuyeza mode, timakhudza zolumikizana ndi sensa - zoperekera ndi "nthaka". Ngati mphamvu imaperekedwa, ndiye kuti multimeter idzawonetsa mtengo wa 4,8 ... 4,9 volts.

Momwemonso, voteji pakati pa waya wa chizindikiro ndi "nthaka" imafufuzidwa. Izi zisanachitike, muyenera kuyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati. ndiye muyenera kusinthana ma probes kuti agwirizane nawo pa sensa. Ngati sensor ili mu dongosolo, ndiye kuti multimeter idzawonetsa zambiri za voteji pa waya wa chizindikiro mumtundu wa 0,5 mpaka 4,8 Volts. Kutsika kwamagetsi kumafanana ndi kuthamanga kwa injini yoyaka mkati, ndipo voteji yapamwamba imafanana ndi kuthamanga kwa injini yoyaka mkati.

Chonde dziwani kuti ma voliyumu (0 ndi 5 Volts) pa multimeter mumayendedwe ogwirira ntchito sadzakhalapo. Izi zimachitika makamaka kuti azindikire momwe DBP alili. Ngati voteji ndi ziro, ndiye kuti pakompyuta control unit kupanga cholakwika p0107 - low voteji, ndiko kuti, waya yopuma. Ngati voteji ndi mkulu, ECU amaona ngati dera lalifupi - zolakwa p0108.

Mayeso a syringe

Mutha kuyang'ana magwiridwe antchito a sensor yamphamvu kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito syringe yotayika yachipatala yokhala ndi "makyubu" 20. komanso, kuti mutsimikizire, mudzafunika payipi yosindikizidwa, yomwe iyenera kulumikizidwa ndi sensa yosweka komanso makamaka pakhosi la syringe.

Ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito poyatsira moto wowongolera ngodya yamagalimoto a VAZ okhala ndi carburetor ICE.

Choncho, kuti muwone DBP, muyenera dismantle mtheradi kuthamanga kachipangizo pa mpando wake, koma kusiya Chip olumikizidwa kwa izo. Ndi bwino kuyika chidutswa chachitsulo muzolumikizana, ndikugwirizanitsa kale ma probe (kapena "ng'ona") a multimeter kwa iwo. Kuyesa mphamvu kuyenera kuchitidwa mofanana ndi momwe tafotokozera m'gawo lapitalo. Mphamvu yamagetsi iyenera kukhala mkati mwa 4,8 ... 5,2 Volts.

Kuti muwone chizindikiro kuchokera ku sensa, muyenera kuyatsa kuyatsa kwagalimoto, koma osayambitsa injini yoyaka mkati. Pakuthamanga kwa mpweya wabwinobwino, mtengo wamagetsi pawaya wamagetsi udzakhala pafupifupi 4,5 volts. Pankhaniyi, syringe iyenera kukhala "yofinyidwa", ndiko kuti, pisitoni yake iyenera kumizidwa kwathunthu m'thupi la syringe. kupitilira apo, kuti muwone, muyenera kukokera pisitoni mu syringe. Ngati sensa ikugwira ntchito, mphamvu yamagetsi idzachepa. Momwemo, ndi vacuum yamphamvu, mtengo wamagetsi udzatsika kufika pamtengo wa 0,5 volts. Ngati voteji ikutsikira ku 1,5 ... 2 Volts ndipo sichigwera pansi, sensa ndiyolakwika.

Chonde dziwani kuti mtheradi kuthamanga sensa, ngakhale zida zodalirika, ndi osalimba ndithu. Sangakonzedwenso. Chifukwa chake, ngati sensa ikulephera, iyenera kusinthidwa ndi yatsopano.