Momwe mungayang'anire kufala kwadzidzidzi kuti muzitha kugwiritsa ntchito

Kuchita kwa kufala kwa basi (kutumiza kwa makina) ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimatsimikizira mwayi wogula galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito. Chifukwa cha malfunctions kungakhale osati ntchito yaitali, komanso unprofessional kukonza, olakwika kusankha mafuta ndi overloads wokhazikika.

Musanayambe kufufuza kufala zodziwikiratu mu mphamvu, muyenera kufunsa wogulitsa za mbali ntchito galimoto ndi kuyendera kufala basi.

Momwe mungayang'anire kuthekera kwa ma transmission odziwikiratu panthawi yoyendera koyamba

Kusintha liwiro pa kufala basi.

Pambuyo poyankhulana mwachidwi ndi wogulitsa ndikuwunika koyambirira kwa galimotoyo komanso kutumizirana zodziwikiratu, kufunikira kwa cheke chozama, kuyang'anira ndi kuyendetsa galimoto kumatha kutha. Ngakhale musanakumane mwachindunji ndi eni galimoto, muyenera kulabadira magawo 2:

1. Mileage. Ngakhale kufala odalirika basi, gwero si upambana 300 zikwi Km. Ngati galimotoyo ndi yokalamba kuposa zaka 12-15 ndipo yakhala ikugwira ntchito mokhazikika, ndiye kuti kugula kuyenera kutengedwa mosamala kwambiri. Zomwe zimatsimikizira zidzakhala mbiri ya kukonzanso ndi ziyeneretso za ambuye. Pankhaniyi, luso luso kufala kufala tikulimbikitsidwa kufufuzidwa pa siteshoni yapadera utumiki.
2. Chiyambi cha galimoto Kuitanitsa galimoto kuchokera kunja kungakhale kopindulitsa pogula. Eni magalimoto aku Europe nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito kwa ogulitsa ovomerezeka ndikudzaza mafuta okhawo omwe amapanga. Izi zimakulitsa moyo wamagetsi odziwikiratu.

Zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana polankhula ndi wogulitsa

Mukamalankhula ndi wogulitsa magalimoto, muyenera kulabadira izi:

1. Nthawi zambiri komanso malo okonzera. Ngati kufala zodziwikiratu anakonza kale, ndiye m'pofunika kulongosola bwino chikhalidwe cha ntchito (m'malo m'malo mikangano zowomba, kukonzanso, etc.). Ngati kukonzanso kwamagetsi odziwikiratu sikunachitike pa malo apadera othandizira kapena ayi kwa ogulitsa ovomerezeka, zomwe zikalata zoyenera zasungidwa, ndiye kuti kugula kuyenera kusiyidwa.
2. Kusintha kwamafuta pafupipafupi. Malinga ndi malingaliro opanga, mafuta a gear ayenera kusinthidwa makilomita 35-45 aliwonse (malire apamwamba ndi 60 km). Ngati m'malo sizinachitike kwa makilomita oposa 80, ndiye kuti mavuto ndi kufala basi adzauka. Posintha mafuta pamalo operekera chithandizo, cheke ndi dongosolo zimaperekedwa, zomwe mwiniwake angapereke kwa wogula. Ndibwino kuti musinthe fyuluta pamodzi ndi mafuta.
3. Zinthu zogwirira ntchito. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha eni, kubwereka galimoto kapena kugwira ntchito pa taxi ndi zifukwa zomveka zosagula. Kutsetsereka pafupipafupi m'matope kapena matalala kumakhudzanso magwiridwe antchito amagetsi, chifukwa chake musagule galimoto mukapita kukawedza, kusaka ndi zochitika zina zakunja.
4. Kugwiritsa ntchito towbar ndi zida zokokera. Kukoka ngolo ndi katundu wowonjezera pa kufala kwadzidzidzi. Ngati palibe chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha kuchulukirachulukira (kukhalapo kwa towbar), ndiye kuti muyenera kuyang'ana wogulitsa ngati galimotoyo iyenera kukoka galimoto ina, ndikuwunika mosamala maso kuti awononge chingwe.

Kuyang'ana kowonekera kwa ma transmission odziyimira pawokha

Kuti muwone zowoneka bwino, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha tsiku louma komanso lomveka bwino. Asanayambe mayeso, galimoto iyenera kutenthedwa kwa mphindi 3-5 m'chilimwe ndi mphindi 12-15 m'nyengo yozizira. Pambuyo pakuwotha, ndikofunikira kuyika chosankhacho kuti chisalowerere m'malo osalowerera kapena kuyimitsa magalimoto, tsegulani chivundikirocho ndipo, ndi injini ikuyenda, yang'anani kufalikira kwadzidzidzi.

Zingakhale zothandiza kuyang'ana galimoto kuchokera pansi, pa dzenje kapena kukweza. Izi zikuthandizani kuti muwone kutha kwa zisindikizo, ma gaskets ndi mapulagi.

Kutumiza kwadzidzidzi - mawonekedwe apansi.

Osati pamwamba kapena pansi kufala basi ayenera kukhala opanda mafuta ndi dothi.

Kuyendera Mafuta a Gear

Mafuta mu transmission automatic amachita mafuta, kuziziritsa, kufala ndi kuwongolera ntchito. Magawo amakina a bokosi la gear amathiridwa mafuta kapena kumizidwa mumadzimadzi aukadaulo, chifukwa chake kuvala ndikung'ambika kwawo kumatsimikiziridwa molakwika ndi mulingo, kusasinthika ndi mtundu wamafuta.

Cheke ikuchitika motere:

1. Pezani dipstick yowunikira mafuta.M'magalimoto ambiri okhala ndi ma transmission, imakhala yofiira. Konzani chiguduli choyera, chopanda lint ndi pepala loyera.
2. Yambitsani injini, tenthetsani ndi ulendo waufupi (10-15 km). Chowongolera chosankha chiyenera kukhala pamalo D (Drive).
3. Musanayambe kuyesa, imirirani pamalo athyathyathya ndipo, malingana ndi mtundu wa galimotoyo, ikani chowongolera kuti chikhale N (chosalowerera ndale) kapena P (poyimitsa). Lolani injini igwire ntchito kwa mphindi 2-3. Pa mitundu ina ya magalimoto a Honda, mlingo wa mafuta umafufuzidwa kokha ndi injini yozimitsa.
4. Tulutsani kafukufukuyo ndikupukuta bwino ndi chiguduli.Pasapezeke ulusi, fluff kapena tinthu tachilendo totsalira pa chidacho.
5. Miwirini ndodoyo mu chubu, gwirani kwa masekondi asanu ndikuitulutsa.
6. Yang'anani mulingo wamafuta pa dipstick: Mulingo wamadzimadzi wabwinobwino wotengera kutentha uyenera kukhala ku Hot zone, pakati pa zopambana ndi zochepa. Kuti muwunike mtundu, kuwonekera ndi mawonekedwe ena amafuta, ikani madzi osonkhanitsidwa pang'ono papepala.
7. Bwerezani dipstick dipstick ndi kuyang'ana mafuta 1-2 nthawi kuti mupewe zolakwika za matenda.

M'magalimoto omwe ali ndi mapulagi ndi magalasi openya m'malo mwa dipstick, chekecho chimachitidwa pa dzenje kapena kukweza. Magalimoto amtundu uwu amapangidwa pansi pa mtundu wa Volkswagen, BMW, Audi, etc.

Kuyang'ana mulingo wamafuta mu automatic transmission.

Mukamayang'ana mafuta a gear, tsatirani izi:

1. Mtundu. Mafuta otumizira atsopano (ATF) ndi ofiira owala kapena ofiira owala. Ndi kutentha kwa cyclic komanso kukhudzana ndi zida zovala, zimadetsa. Mulingo wovomerezeka wakuda pakugula ndi kufiira-bulauni kapena bulauni. Mitundu yakuda yakuda ndi yakuda yachitsanzo ikuwonetsa kutenthedwa kwanthawi zonse, kusayenda bwino kwapamadzi komanso kusowa kwa chisamaliro chagalimoto.
2. Transparency ndi kukhalapo kwa inclusions yachilendo. Kuwonekera kwamadzimadzimadzimadzimadzi sikofunikira kwenikweni kuposa mtundu. Mafuta mu gearbox yogwiritsidwa ntchito amakhalabe owala. Flocculent inclusions, nsanza zachitsulo, ndi kuyimitsidwa kwabwino kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala mitambo ndizizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwakukulu pazigawo. Eni ena mwadala amasintha ATF asanagulitse kuti mtundu wamadzimadzi ufanane ndi momwe zimakhalira. Komabe, zophatikizika zakunja m'zitsanzo zidzapereka magwiridwe antchito enieni a kufala kwadzidzidzi.
3. Kununkhira. Madzi akumwa atsopano amatha kununkhiza ngati mafuta a injini kapena mafuta onunkhira. Ngati mafuta ayamba kuyaka, izi zikuwonetsa kutenthedwa kwa cellulose m'munsi mwazitsulo zomangika. Zowotcha zowotcha sizimakhala chifukwa cha ntchito yayitali kwambiri komanso mochulukira. Ngati ma gaskets ndi mphete sizinasinthidwe pakapita nthawi, kupanikizika mu njira yotumizira yodziwikiratu kumatsika, njala yamafuta ndi kusowa kwa kuzizira kumachitika. Fungo lodziwika bwino la nsomba zamafuta ndi chizindikiro chodziwikiratu chakugwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali popanda kusinthidwa.

Kusintha mafuta oyaka sikungabwezeretsenso makina odziwikiratu owonongeka ndipo sikungatalikitse moyo wake. Nthawi zina, kudzaza ATF yatsopano kumabweretsa kutayika kwathunthu kwa ntchito yotumizira. Izi ndichifukwa choti ma disc ophwanyidwa amatha kutsetsereka, ndipo magawo ena opatsirana sadzakhalanso ndi mphamvu yofunikira.

Kuyimitsidwa kwamafuta ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, komwe kumakhala kowopsa komanso kovulaza magalimoto osamalidwa bwino, pakadali pano kudzakhala mafuta ochulukirapo omwe amathandizira kuti ma disc agwire bwino. Komanso, mafuta atsopano akhoza kutsuka dothi ndi inclusions yaing'ono kuchokera mipata ya kufala basi, amene yomweyo kutsekereza mavavu kufala basi.

Kuyang'ana khalidwe la kufala basi pamene galimoto

Gawo lofunika kwambiri poyang'ana kufala kwadzidzidzi ndi diagnostics poyendetsa. Zimakuthandizani kuti muzitha kuyang'anira momwe makina amachitira ndi zochita za dalaivala, kukhalapo kwa kutsetsereka, phokoso ndi zizindikiro zina zowonongeka.

Kuti muchotse zolakwika pazifukwa zake, ndikofunikira kuyesa mayeso pamseu wathyathyathya mwakachetechete (wailesi yazimitsidwa, popanda kukambirana mokweza).

Idling

Kuti muwone galimoto yokhala ndi zodziwikiratu ngati ikugwira ntchito, muyenera:

• kutenthetsa injini ndikuchepetsa chopondapo cha brake;
• yesani mitundu yonse ndi chowongolera chosankha, kudikirira chilichonse kwa masekondi 5;
• bwerezani kusintha kwamitundu mwachangu (kuchedwa pakati pa magiya nthawi zambiri kulibe, ndipo pakati pa ma Drive ndi Reverse modes sikuposa masekondi 1,5).

Sipayenera kukhala kuchedwa posintha mitundu, kugwedezeka, kugogoda, phokoso la injini ndi kugwedezeka. Zogwedeza zosalala zimaloledwa, zomwe zimasonyeza kusintha kwa gear.

Mu dynamics

Mitundu ya zodziwikiratu kufala kufala mu mphamvu ndi motere.

Mtundu wa mayeso	Njira	Zomwe zimachitika pamagalimoto	Mavuto angakhalepo
Imani mayeso	Imani mwamphamvu pa liwiro la 60-70 Km / h	Kutsika ndi kutsika kwa galimoto kumachitika mkati mwa masekondi angapo	Zizindikiro za kulephera: kuchedwa kwa masekondi oposa 2-3 pakati pa magiya, ma jerks agalimoto
slip test	Kanikizani brake, ikani chosankha mu D mode ndikutsitsani chopondapo cha gasi kwa masekondi asanu. Pang'onopang'ono kumasula mpweya ndi kuika kufala basi mu ndale mode	Chizindikiro pa tachometer chiri mkati mwachizoloŵezi cha chitsanzo ichi cha makina	Kupitilira malire a liwiro - kutsetsereka mu phukusi la friction disc. Kuchepetsa - kulephera kwa chosinthira makokedwe. Mayesowa ndi owopsa kwa ma transmissions odziwikiratu
Kuzungulira "kuthamanga - kuchepetsa"	Kanikizani chopondapo cha gasi 1/3, dikirani chosinthira. Komanso chepetsani pang'onopang'ono. Bwerezani mayesowo, mwanjira ina kugwetsa ma pedals ndi 2/3	Kutumiza kwamagetsi kumasinthasintha magiya kuchokera koyambirira kupita komaliza komanso mosinthanitsa. Ndi kuthamanga kwambiri, kugwedezeka kwa ma revs otsika kumatha kuwoneka pang'ono.	Pali jerks, kuchedwa pakati pa kusintha. Pamakhala phokoso lakunja poyendetsa
Kuphulika kwa injini	Kunyamula liwiro la 80-100 Km / h, mokoma kumasula mpweya pedal	Kutumiza kwadzidzidzi kumayenda bwino, chizindikiro pa tachometer chimachepa	Kusintha kumakhala kovutirapo, kutsika kumachedwa. Kudumpha kwa RPM kumatha kuwonedwa motsutsana ndi maziko a kuchepa kwa liwiro la kuzungulira.
Kwambiri overclocking	Yendani pa liwiro la pafupifupi 80 km / h, kukhumudwitsa kwambiri chopondapo cha gasi	Kuthamanga kwa injini kumakwera kwambiri, kufala kwadzidzidzi kumasinthira ku magiya 1-2	Pakuthamanga kwambiri, liwiro limakwera pang'onopang'ono kapena silikuwonjezeka (motere kutsetsereka)
Yesani Overdrive	Liwikitsani pafupifupi 70 km / h, dinani batani la Overdrive, ndikumasula	Kutumiza kodziwikiratu kumayamba mwadzidzidzi kupita ku giya yotsatira, ndiyeno modzidzimutsa kumabwereranso ku yapitayo.	Kusintha kwachedwa. Getsi lochenjeza za injini ndiloyaka

Kuphatikiza pa mayeso oyambira, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kusalala kwa kusintha kwa zida. Pamene imathandizira 80 Km / h, kufala basi ayenera kusintha katatu. Mukasuntha kuchokera ku gear yoyamba kupita yachiwiri, ngakhale m'makina osavala okha, pangakhale kugwedeza pang'ono.