Momwe mungayang'anire adsorber

Eni magalimoto ambiri angakhale ndi chidwi ndi funso ngati momwe mungayang'anire adsorber ndi valavu yake yotsuka pamene zowunikira zidawonetsa kuwonongeka kwake (kulakwitsa kwa absorber kunabuka). Ndizotheka kuchita zoyezetsa zoterezi m'magalasi, komabe, chifukwa cha izi zidzakhala zofunikira kumasula adsorber kwathunthu kapena valavu yake yokha. Ndipo kuti achite cheke chotere, mufunika zida zotsekera, multifunctional multimeter (kuyesa mtengo wa kutchinjiriza ndi "kupitilira" kwa mawaya), pampu, komanso gwero lamphamvu la 12 V (kapena batire yofananira).

Kodi adsorber ndi chiyani?

Tisanapitirire ku funso la momwe tingayang'anire ntchito ya adsorber, tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule ntchito ya dongosolo la mpweya wa mafuta (lotchedwa Evaporative Emission Control - EVAP mu Chingerezi). Izi zidzapereka chithunzi chomveka bwino cha ntchito za adsorber ndi valve yake. Kotero, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, dongosolo la EVAP lapangidwa kuti ligwire mpweya wa mafuta ndikuwalepheretsa kulowa mu mawonekedwe osawotchedwa mumlengalenga wozungulira. Nthunzi imapangidwa mu thanki yamafuta ikatenthedwa petulo (nthawi zambiri pakayimitsidwa kwanthawi yayitali padzuwa lotentha m'nyengo yotentha) kapena kutsika kwa mlengalenga kumachepa (kawirikawiri).

Ntchito yobwezeretsa mpweya wamafuta ndikubwezeretsa nthunzi zomwezi ku injini zoyatsira zamkati ndikuziwotcha pamodzi ndi kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya. Nthawi zambiri, dongosolo loterolo limayikidwa pa injini zonse zamakono zamafuta malinga ndi muyezo wapadziko lonse wa Euro-3 (womwe unakhazikitsidwa ku European Union mu 1999).

Dongosolo la EVAP lili ndi zinthu izi:

• malasha adsorber;
• adsorber purge solenoid valve;
• kulumikiza mapaipi.

palinso ma waya owonjezera omwe amachoka ku ICE electronic control unit (ECU) kupita ku valve yotchulidwa. Ndi chithandizo chawo, kuwongolera chipangizochi kumaperekedwa. Ponena za adsorber, ili ndi zolumikizira zitatu zakunja:

• ndi thanki yamafuta (kupyolera mu kugwirizana uku, mpweya wopangidwa ndi mafuta umalowa mu adsorber);
• ndi kuchuluka kwa madyedwe (amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa adsorber);
• ndi mpweya wa mumlengalenga kudzera mu fyuluta yamafuta kapena valavu yosiyana polowera kwake (imapereka kutsika kwamphamvu komwe kumafunika kuyeretsa adsorber).

Chonde dziwani kuti pamagalimoto ambiri, makina a EVAP amangotsegulidwa injini ikatentha ("yotentha"). Ndiko kuti, pa injini yozizira, komanso pa liwiro lake lopanda ntchito, dongosololi silikugwira ntchito.

An adsorber ndi mtundu wa mbiya (kapena chotengera chofanana) chodzazidwa ndi malasha pansi, momwe mpweya wa petulo umakhazikika, kenako umatumizidwa kumagetsi agalimoto chifukwa cha kuyeretsa. Kugwira ntchito kwautali komanso kolondola kwa adsorber kumatheka pokhapokha ngati nthawi zonse komanso mpweya wokwanira. Chifukwa chake, kuyang'ana adsorber yagalimoto ndikuwunika kukhulupirika kwake (popeza thupi limatha dzimbiri) komanso kuthekera kotsitsa mpweya wamafuta. komanso, adsorbers akale amadutsa malasha mwa iwo kupyolera mu dongosolo lawo, lomwe limatseka dongosolo ndi valavu yawo yoyeretsa.

Kuwona valavu ya adsorber ndi multimeter

Valavu ya adsorber purge solenoid imachita ndendende kuyeretsa kwadongosolo kuchokera ku nthunzi ya petulo yomwe ilipo. Izi zimachitika potsegula pa lamulo kuchokera ku ECU, ndiko kuti, valve ndi actuator. Ili mu payipi pakati pa adsorber ndi manifold olowa.

Ponena za kuyang'ana valavu ya adsorber, choyamba, imayang'ana kuti sichikutsekedwa ndi fumbi la malasha kapena zinyalala zina zomwe zingalowe mu dongosolo la mafuta pamene zimadetsedwa kuchokera kunja, komanso malasha kuchokera kwa adsorber. Ndipo chachiwiri, ntchito yake imayang'aniridwa, ndiko kuti, kuthekera kwa kutsegula ndi kutseka pa lamulo lochokera ku gawo lamagetsi lamagetsi la injini yoyaka moto. Komanso, osati kukhalapo kwa malamulo okha kumafufuzidwa, komanso tanthauzo lawo, lomwe limafotokozedwa panthawi yomwe valve iyenera kutsegulidwa kapena kutsekedwa.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, mu ma ICE omwe ali ndi turbocharger, vacuum samapangidwa muzochulukira zomwe amadya. Choncho, kuti dongosolo ntchito mmenemo valavu imodzi yanjira ziwiri imaperekedwanso, imayambitsa ndikuwongolera mpweya wamafuta kumalo ochulukirapo (ngati palibe kukakamiza kowonjezera) kapena kulowera kwa kompresa (ngati kuthamanga kwamphamvu kulipo).

Chonde dziwani kuti valavu ya canister solenoid imayang'aniridwa ndi chipangizo chamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chochuluka kuchokera ku masensa a kutentha, kutuluka kwa mpweya wambiri, malo a crankshaft ndi ena. M'malo mwake, ma aligorivimu malinga ndi momwe mapulogalamu ofananira amapangidwira ndizovuta kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa injini yoyaka mkati, kutalika kwa nthawi yowongolera kuchokera pakompyuta kupita ku valavu komanso kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwa adsorber.

Ndiko kuti, ndikofunikira osati voteji yomwe imaperekedwa ku valavu (ndi yofanana ndi yofanana ndi voteji yonse mu makina amagetsi amagetsi), koma nthawi yake. Pali chinthu chonga "adsorber purge duty cycle". Ndi scalar ndipo amayezedwa 0% mpaka 100%. Kufikira zero kumasonyeza kuti palibe kuyeretsa konse, motero, 100% imatanthauza kuti adsorber amawomberedwa mpaka pazipita nthawi ino. Komabe, zenizeni, mtengo uwu nthawi zonse umakhala penapake pakati ndipo zimadalira momwe galimotoyo ikugwirira ntchito.

Komanso, lingaliro la ntchito yozungulira ndilosangalatsa chifukwa limatha kuyeza pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apadera ozindikira pakompyuta. Chitsanzo cha mapulogalamuwa ndi Chevrolet Explorer kapena OpenDiag Mobile. Yotsirizirayi ndi yabwino kuyang'ana adsorber ya magalimoto apanyumba VAZ Priora, Kalina ndi zitsanzo zina zofanana. Chonde dziwani kuti pulogalamu yam'manja imafuna sikani yowonjezera, monga ELM 327.

Monga njira ina yabwino, mutha kugula autoscanner Rokodil ScanX Pro. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi, simudzasowa zida zowonjezera kapena mapulogalamu, omwe nthawi zambiri amafunikira zowonjezera zolipiridwa, pamapangidwe apadera kapena mtundu wagalimoto. Chipangizo choterocho chimapangitsa kuti ziwerengere zolakwika, kuyang'anira ntchito ya masensa mu nthawi yeniyeni, kusunga ziwerengero zaulendo ndi zina zambiri. Imagwira ntchito ndi CAN, J1850PWM, J1850VPW, ISO9141 protocol, kotero Rokodil ScanX Pro imalumikiza pafupifupi galimoto iliyonse yokhala ndi cholumikizira cha OBD-2.

Zizindikiro zakunja zowonongeka

Musanayambe kuyang'ana adsorber purge valve, komanso adsorber palokha, zidzakhala zothandiza kudziwa kuti ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zimayenderana ndi mfundoyi. Pali zizindikiro zingapo zosalunjika, zomwe, komabe, zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zifukwa zina. Komabe, zikadziwika, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana momwe dongosolo la EVAP limagwirira ntchito, komanso zinthu zake.

1. Kusakhazikika kwa injini yoyaka mkati mopanda pake (liwiro "loyandama" mpaka pomwe galimotoyo imayamba ndikuyima, chifukwa imayendera kusakaniza kwamafuta amafuta).
2. Kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa mafuta, makamaka pamene injini yoyaka mkati ikugwira ntchito "yotentha", ndiko kuti, kutentha ndi / kapena nyengo yotentha.
3. Injini yoyaka mkati mwagalimoto ndizovuta kuyambitsa "yotentha", nthawi zambiri sizingatheke kuyiyambitsa koyamba. Ndipo nthawi yomweyo, zoyambira ndi zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi kukhazikitsa zikugwira ntchito.
4. Pamene injini ikuyenda pa liwiro lotsika, pali kutayika kwakukulu kwa mphamvu. Ndipo pa liwiro lapamwamba, kuchepa kwa mtengo wa torque kumamvekanso.

Nthawi zina, zimadziwika kuti ngati ntchito yachibadwa ya dongosolo la kuchira kwa mpweya wa mafuta likusokonezedwa, fungo la mafuta likhoza kulowa m'chipinda chokwera. Izi ndizowona makamaka pamene mazenera akutsogolo ali otseguka komanso / kapena galimoto itayima mu bokosi lotsekedwa kapena garaja yokhala ndi mpweya wabwino kwa nthawi yaitali. komanso, kupsinjika kwa dongosolo lamafuta, kuwoneka kwa ming'alu yaying'ono m'mizere yamafuta, mapulagi, ndi zina zambiri zimapangitsa kuti dongosololi liziyenda bwino.

Momwe mungayang'anire adsorber

Tsopano tiyeni tipite ku algorithm yoyang'ana adsorber (dzina lake lina ndi accumulator yamafuta). ntchito yofunika kwambiri panthaŵi yomweyo ndiyo kudziŵa mmene thupi lake lilili lolimba ndiponso ngati limalola kuti nthunzi yamafuta ipite mumlengalenga. Chifukwa chake, cheke iyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi algorithm iyi:

Adsorber thupi

• Lumikizani ma terminal opanda pake ku batire yagalimoto.
• Choyamba, chotsani ma hoses onse ndi zolumikizira zomwe zikupita kwa adsorber, ndiyeno chotsani chophatikiza cha nthunzi chamafuta. Njirayi idzawoneka mosiyana ndi makina osiyanasiyana, malingana ndi malo a node, komanso njira zowonjezera zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa.
• muyenera kumangitsa mwamphamvu (kusindikiza) zolumikizira ziwiri. Yoyamba - kupita mwachindunji ku mpweya wa mumlengalenga, yachiwiri - kupita ku ma electromagnetic purge valve.
• Pambuyo pake, pogwiritsa ntchito compressor kapena pampu, gwiritsani ntchito mpweya wochepa wa mpweya wokwanira kupita ku thanki yamafuta. Osapitirira kukakamiza! Adsorber yothandiza sayenera kutuluka m'thupi, ndiye kuti, ikhale yolimba. Ngati kutayikira kotereku kwapezeka, ndiye kuti mwachiwonekere msonkhanowo uyenera kusinthidwa, popeza sizotheka nthawi zonse kukonza. Izi ndizowona makamaka ngati adsorber imapangidwa ndi pulasitiki.

m'pofunikanso kupanga zithunzi anayendera adsorber. Izi ndi zoona makamaka pa chikopa chake, chomwe ndi matumba a dzimbiri pamwamba pake. Ngati zichitika, ndiye kuti m'pofunika kuchotsa adsorber, kuchotsa zomwe tatchulazi ndikujambula thupi. Onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana makala kuchokera ku fume accumulator yomwe imalowa mu mizere ya dongosolo la EVAP. Izi zikhoza kuchitika poyang'ana mkhalidwe wa valve ya adsorber. Ngati ili ndi malasha otchulidwa, ndiye kuti muyenera kusintha cholekanitsa chithovu mu adsorber. Komabe, monga momwe zimasonyezera, ndibwino kuti musinthe adsorber kwathunthu kusiyana ndi kukonzanso masewera omwe samabweretsa chipambano pakapita nthawi.

Momwe mungayang'anire valavu ya adsorber

Ngati, mutayang'ana, zidapezeka kuti adsorber ili m'malo osagwira ntchito kwambiri, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuyang'ana valavu yake ya solenoid purge. Ndikoyenera kutchula nthawi yomweyo kuti makina ena, chifukwa cha mapangidwe awo, zochita zina zidzakhala zosiyana, zina zidzakhalapo kapena kulibe, koma kawirikawiri, malingaliro otsimikizira adzakhalabe ofanana. Chifukwa chake, kuti muwone valavu ya adsorber, muyenera kuchita izi:

Valavu yotsatsa

• Yang'anani m'maso kukhulupirika kwa ma hoses a rabara omwe akuphatikizidwa mu pulogalamu yobwezeretsa mpweya wamafuta, omwe ndi oyenera valavu. Ayenera kukhala osasunthika ndikuwonetsetsa kulimba kwa dongosolo.
• Lumikizani terminal negative ku batire. Izi zachitika pofuna kupewa zoyambitsa zabodza za diagnostics dongosolo ndi kulowa zambiri za zolakwika lolingana mu gawo lamagetsi ulamuliro wagawo.
• Chotsani chotsitsa (nthawi zambiri chimakhala kumanja kwa injini yoyaka mkati, m'dera lomwe zida za mpweya zimayikidwa, ndiye fyuluta ya mpweya).
• Zimitsani magetsi ku valavu yokha. Izi zimachitika pochotsa cholumikizira magetsi kuchokera pamenepo (chotchedwa "chips").
• Lumikizani zolowera mpweya ndi mapaipi otulutsira ku mavavu.
• Pogwiritsa ntchito mpope kapena "peyala" yachipatala, muyenera kuyesa kuwombera mpweya mu dongosolo kudzera mu valve (m'mabowo a hoses). Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kulimba kwa mpweya. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma clamps kapena chubu la mphira wandiweyani.
• Ngati zonse zili bwino ndi valavu, idzatsekedwa ndipo sizingatheke kuwomba mpweya. Kupanda kutero, gawo lake lamakina silikuyenda bwino. Mukhoza kuyesa kubwezeretsa, koma izi sizingatheke nthawi zonse.
• m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kwa ma valve kukhudzana ndi magetsi kapena batire pogwiritsa ntchito mawaya. Panthawi yomwe dera latsekedwa, muyenera kumva kudina komwe kukuwonetsa kuti valavu yagwira ntchito ndikutsegula. Ngati izi sizinachitike, ndiye kuti mwina m'malo mwa kuwonongeka kwa makina, magetsi amachitika, ndiko kuti, koyilo yake yamagetsi idawotchedwa.
• Ndi valavu yolumikizidwa ku gwero la magetsi, muyenera kuyesa kuwombera mpweya momwemo momwe tawonetsera pamwambapa. Ngati ndi serviceable, ndipo moyenerera lotseguka, ndiye izi ziyenera kugwira ntchito popanda mavuto. Ngati sizingatheke kupopera mpweya mumlengalenga, ndiye kuti valavu ili kunja kwa dongosolo.
• ndiye muyenera kukonzanso mphamvu kuchokera ku valve, ndipo padzakhalanso kudina, kusonyeza kuti valve yatsekedwa. Izi zikachitika, valve ikugwira ntchito.

Komanso, vavu adsorber akhoza kufufuzidwa ntchito multifunctional multimeter, kumasuliridwa ohmmeter mode - chipangizo kuyeza mtengo wa kutchinjiriza kukana kwa maginito maginito maginito mapiritsi a valavu. Zofufuza za chipangizocho ziyenera kuikidwa pazitsulo za koyilo (pali njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira momwe mawaya amachokera ku gawo loyendetsa magetsi amalumikizidwa kwa izo), ndikuyang'ana kukana kwa insulation pakati pawo. Kwa vavu yabwino, yothandiza, mtengowu uyenera kukhala pafupifupi mkati mwa 10 ... 30 Ohms kapena kusiyana pang'ono ndi izi.

Ngati mtengo wokana uli wocheperako, ndiye kuti pali kuwonongeka kwa koyilo yamagetsi (yozungulira-kutembenuka kwafupipafupi). Ngati mtengo wokana ndi waukulu kwambiri (wowerengedwa mu kilo- komanso ngakhale megaohms), ndiye kuti koyilo yamagetsi imasweka. Muzochitika zonsezi, koyilo, motero valavu, idzakhala yosagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati wagulitsidwa m'thupi, ndiye njira yokhayo yotulutsira vutoli ndikuchotsa valavu ndi yatsopano.

Chonde dziwani kuti magalimoto ena amalola kukana kwamphamvu kwambiri pamagetsi a valve (ndiko, mpaka 10 kOhm). Chongani zambiri mu bukhu la galimoto yanu.

kotero, kuti mudziwe momwe mungayang'anire ngati valavu ya adsorber ikugwira ntchito, muyenera kuichotsa ndikuyiyang'ana m'magalasi. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kudziwa komwe magetsi ake ali, komanso kupanga makina osinthika a chipangizocho.

Momwe mungakonzere adsorber ndi valavu

Tiyenera kuzindikira nthawi yomweyo kuti onse adsorber ndi valve nthawi zambiri sangathe kukonzedwa, motero, ayenera kusinthidwa ndi mayunitsi atsopano ofanana. Komabe, pankhani ya adsorber, nthawi zina, pakapita nthawi, mphira wa thovu amawola m'nyumba mwake, chifukwa chomwe malasha amatsekera mapaipi ndi valavu ya solenoid ya EVAP.

Kuwola kwa mphira wa thovu kumachitika pazifukwa za banal - kuyambira ukalamba, kutentha kwanthawi zonse, kukhudzana ndi chinyezi. Mutha kuyesa m'malo cholekanitsa chithovu cha adsorber. Komabe, izi sizingachitike ndi mayunitsi onse, ena mwa iwo ndi osapatukana.

Ngati thupi la adsorber lili ndi dzimbiri kapena lovunda (kawirikawiri komanso kuchokera ku ukalamba, kusintha kwa kutentha, kukhudzana ndi chinyezi nthawi zonse), ndiye mukhoza kuyesa kubwezeretsa, koma ndi bwino kuti musayese tsogolo ndikusintha ndi latsopano.

Kuyang'ana valavu ndi chowongolera chodzipangira tokha

Kulingalira kofananako ndikoyenera kwa valavu ya solenoid ya pulogalamu yobwezeretsa mpweya wamafuta. Ambiri mwa mayunitsiwa ndi osagawanika. Ndiko kuti, koyilo yamagetsi imagulitsidwa m'nyumba yake, ndipo ngati ikulephera (kuwonongeka kwa insulation kapena kupuma kwapang'onopang'ono), sikungatheke kuyisintha ndi yatsopano.

Momwemonso momwemonso ndi masika obwerera. Ngati yafooka pakapita nthawi, ndiye kuti mutha kuyesa kuyisintha ndi yatsopano, koma izi sizingatheke kuberekana. Koma ngakhale izi, ndi bwino kuti mudziwe zambiri za adsorber ndi valavu yake kuti mupewe kugula ndi kukonza zodula.

Ena eni galimoto safuna kulabadira kukonza ndi kubwezeretsa dongosolo mpweya nthunzi kuchira, ndi chabe "kupanikizana" izo. Komabe, njira imeneyi si yomveka. Choyamba, zimakhudza kwambiri chilengedwe, ndipo izi zimawonekera makamaka m'matauni akuluakulu, omwe sasiyanitsidwa kale ndi malo aukhondo. Kachiwiri, ngati dongosolo la EVAP silikuyenda bwino kapena silikugwira ntchito konse, ndiye kuti nthawi ndi nthawi nthunzi ya petulo imatuluka pansi pa thanki ya gasi. Ndipo izi zidzachitika mochulukirachulukira, momwe kutentha kumakhalira mu kuchuluka kwa tanki yamafuta. Izi ndi zoopsa pazifukwa zingapo.

Choyamba, kulimba kwa kapu ya thanki kumathyoledwa, momwe chisindikizo chimathyoledwa pakapita nthawi, ndipo mwini galimotoyo ayenera kugula kapu yatsopano nthawi ndi nthawi. Kachiwiri, nthunzi ya petulo sikuti imakhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa, komanso imawononga thupi la munthu. Ndipo izi ndizowopsa, pokhapokha makinawo ali m'chipinda chotsekedwa ndi mpweya wabwino. Ndipo chachitatu, nthunzi zamafuta zimangophulika, ndipo ngati zichoka mu thanki ya gasi panthawi yomwe pali gwero lamoto pafupi ndi galimoto, ndiye kuti moto umawoneka ndi zotsatira zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri. Choncho, sikoyenera "kupanikizana" dongosolo lobwezeretsa mpweya wa mafuta, m'malo mwake ndi bwino kuti likhale logwira ntchito ndikuwunika canister ndi valavu yake.

Pomaliza

Kuyang'ana adsorber, komanso valavu yake ya electromagnetic purge, sikovuta kwambiri ngakhale kwa eni ake agalimoto. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kudziwa kumene mfundozi zili mu galimoto inayake, komanso momwe zimagwirizanirana. Monga momwe machitidwe amasonyezera, ngati node imodzi kapena ina ikulephera, sangathe kukonzedwa, choncho amafunika kusinthidwa ndi zatsopano.

Ponena za lingaliro lakuti dongosolo lobwezeretsa mpweya wamafuta liyenera kuzimitsidwa, zitha kukhala chifukwa cha malingaliro olakwika. Dongosolo la EVAP liyenera kugwira ntchito moyenera, komanso kupereka osati zachilengedwe zokha, komanso kuyendetsa bwino kwagalimoto mumikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana.