Momwe mungamvetsetse kuti chitofu chagalimoto ndi chopanda mpweya ndikutulutsa loko yotsekera kuchokera ku chitofu

Kulephera kwa chitofu kudzabweretsa mavuto ambiri kwa dalaivala ndi okwera, makamaka pamene ulendo wautali ukukonzekera nyengo yozizira. Kuwonongeka kwa chotenthetsera kungakhale chifukwa cha mpweya wozizira, womwe umalonjeza mavuto ambiri kuposa kusowa kwa kutentha ndi chitonthozo. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchepetse chitofu m'galimoto munthawi yake.

Kulephera kwa chitofu kudzabweretsa mavuto ambiri kwa dalaivala ndi okwera, makamaka pamene ulendo wautali ukukonzekera nyengo yozizira. Kuwonongeka kwa chotenthetsera kungakhale chifukwa cha mpweya wozizira, womwe umalonjeza mavuto ambiri kuposa kusowa kwa kutentha ndi chitonthozo. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchepetse chitofu m'galimoto munthawi yake.

Ndi chiyani chomwe chikuwulutsa makina otenthetsera / ozizira

Dongosolo loziziritsa ndikuphatikiza makiyi angapo, ma node olumikizana. Kuti timvetsetse momwe zimagwirira ntchito, tiyeni tiwone mwatsatanetsatane gawo lililonse la makina ofunikira awa:

• Pompo madzi. Pampu ya centrifugal yomwe imapanikiza ndikuzungulira antifreeze kudzera mu mapaipi, mapaipi ndi njira zoziziritsira. Makina a hydraulic awa ndi chikwama chachitsulo chokhala ndi shaft. Chotsitsa chimayikidwa kumapeto kwa shaft, komwe kumayambitsa kufalikira kwamadzi panthawi yozungulira, ndipo kumapeto kwina kwa gawoli kumakhala ndi pulley yoyendetsa pomwe pampu imalumikizidwa ndi lamba wanthawi. Kwenikweni, kudzera mu lamba wanthawi, injini imatsimikizira kuzungulira kwa mpope.
• Thermostat. Vavu yomwe imayendetsa kayendedwe ka zoziziritsa kukhosi kudzera munjira yozizirira. Amasunga kutentha kwabwino mugalimoto. Chotchinga ndi mutu wa silinda wazunguliridwa ndi chibowo chotsekeka (shati), chokhala ndi mayendedwe omwe antifreeze amazungulira ndikuziziritsa ma pistoni ndi masilinda. Pamene kutentha kozizira mu injini kumafika madigiri 82-89, thermostat imatsegulidwa pang'onopang'ono, kutuluka kwa madzi otentha kumayamba kuyendayenda pamzere wopita ku radiator yozizira. Pambuyo pake, kusuntha kwa choziziritsa kuzizira kumayambira kuzungulira kwakukulu.
• Radiator. Chotenthetsera kutentha, kudutsa momwe firiji yotenthetsera imakhazikika, ndiyeno imabwereranso ku injini yozizira. Madzi omwe ali mu chotenthetsera kutentha amaziziritsa kuthamanga kwa mpweya umalowa kuchokera kunja. Ngati kuziziritsa kwachilengedwe sikukwanira, radiator imatha kuziziritsa choziziritsa kukhosi ndi fan yowonjezera.
• Tanki yowonjezera. Pulasitiki translucent chidebe, yomwe ili pansi pa nyumba pafupi ndi kutentha exchanger. Monga mukudziwa, kutentha kwa antifreeze kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kupanikizika kopitilira muyeso kuzizira kotsekedwa. Chifukwa chake, RB idapangidwa kuti ichepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, pakuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa antifreeze, refrigerant yowonjezera imalowa mu dziwe lapaderali. Zikuoneka kuti thanki yokulitsa imasunga zoziziritsa kukhosi. Ngati pali kuchepa kwa zoziziritsa kukhosi mu dongosolo, amalipidwa kuchokera ku RB, kudzera pa payipi yolumikizidwa nayo.
• Kuzirala dongosolo mzere. Ndi maukonde otsekedwa a mapaipi ndi mapaipi omwe ozizira amazungulira mopanikizika. Kupyolera mu mzere, antifreeze imalowa mu jekete yozizira ya cylinder block, imachotsa kutentha kwakukulu, ndiyeno imalowa mu radiator kudzera m'mapaipi, kumene firiji imakhazikika.

Nanga bwanji uvuni? Chowonadi ndi chakuti mfundo za chitofu zimagwirizanitsidwa mwachindunji ndi dongosolo lozizira. Momwemonso, payipi yamagetsi yotenthetsera imalumikizidwa ndi dera lomwe antifreeze imazungulira. Dalaivala akayatsa zotenthetsera zamkati, njira ina imatseguka, choziziritsa kukhosi mu injini chimadutsa mumzere wosiyana kupita ku chitofu.

Mwachidule, madzi otenthedwa mu injini, kuwonjezera pa radiator ya dongosolo lozizira, amalowa mu radiator ya chitofu, akuwombedwa ndi fani yamagetsi. Chitofu palokha ndi chotsekeka, mkati mwake muli njira za mpweya zokhala ndi ma dampers. Node iyi nthawi zambiri imakhala kuseri kwa dashboard. Komanso pa dashboard ya kanyumba pali knob-regulator yolumikizidwa kudzera pa chingwe kupita ku damper ya mpweya wa chotenthetsera. Ndi chubuchi, dalaivala kapena wokwera yemwe wakhala pafupi naye akhoza kuwongolera malo a damper ndikuyika kutentha komwe kumafunikira mnyumbamo.

Chipangizo cha chitofu m'galimoto

Chifukwa chake, chitofu chimatenthetsa mkati ndi kutentha komwe kumachokera ku injini yotenthetsera. Chifukwa chake, titha kunena kuti chotenthetsera chanyumba ndi gawo la dongosolo lozizirira. Ndiye kuwulutsa kwa makina otenthetsera / kuzirala kwagalimoto ndi kotani ndipo kuli kovulaza bwanji injini yagalimoto?

Zomwe zimatchedwa airing ya dongosolo loziziritsa ndizotsekera mpweya, zomwe, pazifukwa zingapo, zimachitika m'mabwalo otsekedwa kumene ozizira amazungulira. Thumba la mpweya lomwe langopangidwa kumene limalepheretsa kutuluka kwa antifreeze kudzera m'mipope yamagulu akulu ndi ang'onoang'ono. Chifukwa chake, kuwulutsa sikutanthauza kulephera kwa chowotchera, komanso zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri - kutenthedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa injini.

Kuwombera chitofu: zizindikiro, zifukwa, mankhwala

Ngati pali chotseka cha mpweya mu makina otenthetsera agalimoto, zimalepheretsa kutuluka kwa antifreeze ndikupangitsa kuti chotenthetsera chisagwire ntchito. Chifukwa chake, chizindikiro choyamba komanso chachikulu chowulutsira makinawo ndi ngati, pa injini yotenthedwa bwino, chitofu sichiwotcha, ndipo mpweya wozizira umawomba kuchokera kwa opotoka.

Komanso, chizindikiro kuti dongosolo yozizira ndi airy kungakhale kutenthedwa mofulumira kwa injini. Izi zidzayendetsedwa ndi zida zofananira pa dashboard. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha thumba la mpweya, lomwe limachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa antifreeze, komwe kumatha kutulutsa kapena kutuluka nthunzi. Chopanda chomwe chimapangidwa mumsewu, titero, chimalekanitsa kutuluka kwamadzimadzi ndipo sichilola kuti refrigerant ikhale yozungulira. Chifukwa chake, kuphwanya kufalikira kumayambitsa kutenthedwa kwa injini, ndipo zopotoka za chitofu zimawomba mpweya wozizira, chifukwa choziziritsa kuzizira sichimalowetsa dera lotentha.

Zifukwa zazikulu

Chifukwa chachikulu chowulutsira chitofu ndi kutayikira ndi kutsika kwa mulingo woziziritsa mu dongosolo lozizirira, chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa mizere. Kuphatikiza apo, zoziziritsa kuzizira zomwe zimachoka pamakina nthawi zambiri zimayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa cylinder head gasket, kusweka kwa chivundikiro cha valve yowonjezera.

Depressurization

Kuphwanya kolimba kumachitika nthawi zambiri pamene mapaipi, ma hoses kapena zomangira zawonongeka. Antifreeze imayamba kuyenda m'madera owonongeka, ndipo mpweya umalowanso. Chifukwa chake, mulingo wa refrigerant uyamba kugwa mwachangu ndipo makina ozizirira adzawulutsidwa. Choncho, choyamba, fufuzani ngati pali kutayikira pa hoses ndi mapaipi. Kuzindikira kutayikira ndikosavuta, chifukwa antifreeze imatuluka.

Ng'anjo yamoto ikuwotcha m'galimoto

Chifukwa chinanso chomwe chimapangitsa kuti makina aziziziritsa awonongeke ndikuwonongeka kwa cylinder block gasket. Chowonadi n'chakuti galimoto si gulu limodzi, koma imakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri - chipika ndi mutu. Gasket yosindikiza imayikidwa pamphambano ya BC ndi mutu wa silinda. Chisindikizochi chikasweka, padzakhala kuphwanya kulimba kwa cylinder block, kutayikira koziziritsa kuchokera ku jekete yozizirira ya injini yoyaka moto. Kuphatikiza apo, choyipa kwambiri, antifreeze imatha kulowa mu masilindala, kusakaniza ndi mafuta a injini ndikupanga zosayenera zopangira mafuta.

motor, emulsion. Ngati antifreeze ilowa m'masilinda, utsi wonyezimira woyera umayamba kutuluka mupaipi yotulutsa mpweya.

Kulephera kwa chivundikiro cha valve

Monga mukudziwira, ntchito ya thanki yowonjezera sikuti imangosunga nkhokwe za refrigerant owonjezera, komanso kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwadongosolo. Antifreeze ikatenthedwa, kuchuluka kwa zoziziritsa kuzizira kumawonjezeka, komanso kuthamanga kwamphamvu. Ngati kuthamanga kupitirira 1,1-1,5 kgf / cm2, valavu pa chivindikiro cha thanki iyenera kutsegulidwa. Kupanikizika kumatsika kuzinthu zogwirira ntchito, kupuma kumatseka ndipo dongosolo limakhala lolimba kachiwiri.

valve yowonjezera yowonjezera

Chifukwa chake, kulephera kwa ma valve kumayambitsa kuthamanga kwambiri, komwe kumakankhira ma gaskets ndi ma clamps, zomwe zingayambitse kutulutsa koziziritsa. Kupitilira apo, chifukwa cha kutayikira, kupanikizika kumayamba kutsika, ndipo injini ikazizira, mulingo wozizirira udzakhala wotsika kuposa momwe uyenera kukhalira ndipo pulagi imawonekera munjira yozizira.

Werenganinso: Chotenthetsera chowonjezera m'galimoto: ndi chiyani, chifukwa chiyani chikufunika, chipangizocho, momwe chimagwirira ntchito

Momwe mungatulutsire uvuni

Ngati kukhalapo kwa loko ya mpweya sikumayenderana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mapaipi, ma hoses, zolumikizira, kulephera kwa pampu kapena valavu ya mpweya, ndikosavuta kugonjetsa kuzizira kwa dongosolo lozizirira.

Ngati mpweya umalowa mkati mwa antifreeze yatsopano kapena mwanjira ina mwachisawawa, pali njira yosavuta komanso yotchuka kwambiri yothetsera vutoli, yomwe imakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

1. Tsekani galimoto ndi mabuleki oimikapo magalimoto.
2. Chotsani zipewa ku radiator ndi thanki yowonjezera.
3. Yambitsani injini, itenthetseni mpaka kutentha kwa ntchito.
4. Kenaka, yatsani chitofu kuti chikhale chokwera kwambiri ndikuyang'anitsitsa mulingo woziziritsa mu thanki yowonjezera. Ngati dongosololi ndi la airy, mlingo wa antifreeze udzayamba kutsika. Komanso, thovu liyenera kuoneka pamwamba pa firiji, kusonyeza kutuluka kwa mpweya. Mpweya wotentha ukangotuluka mu chitofu, mulingo wozizirira umasiya kugwa, ndipo thovu limadutsanso, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti dongosololi silikhala ndi mpweya.
5. Tsopano onjezerani antifreeze mu kamtsinje kakang'ono mu thanki yowonjezera, mpaka chizindikiro chachikulu chomwe chasonyezedwa pa thanki yapulasitiki.

Ngati njirayi ilibe ntchito, yang'anani mosamala kukhulupirika kwa mapaipi, payipi, zopangira, radiator. Ngati kutayikira kwazindikirika, ndikofunikira kukhetsa choziziritsa, kusintha mapaipi owonongeka kapena chotenthetsera kutentha, ndikudzaza madzi atsopano.

Momwe mungatulutsire magazi kuzizira kwagalimoto