Momwe mungasankhire mafuta a gear ndi mtundu wagalimoto

Ngati simuvala, simupita. Zimenezi zinkadziwika kalekale. M'magalimoto amakono, mfundo imeneyi ndi yofunika kwambiri kuposa kale lonse.

Ma gearbox, makina owongolera, ma gearbox ndi zinthu zina zamagalimoto amafunikira mafuta apamwamba kwambiri kuti agwire bwino ntchito.

Sizimangochepetsa kuvala kwa magawo opaka, komanso kumachepetsa kugwedezeka, phokoso, ndikuchotsa kutentha kwakukulu. Zowonjezera mumafuta agiya zimakhala ndi anti-corrosion properties, zimachepetsa thovu, ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo cha gaskets za rabara.

Mafuta otumizira amatumikira kwa nthawi yaitali, koma amataya katundu wake pang'onopang'ono ndipo amafunika kusintha, zomwe zimatengera kusinthidwa kwa kayendetsedwe kake ndi kayendetsedwe ka galimoto.

Kusankha kolakwika kwa mafuta kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa gearbox ndi magawo ena opatsirana. Posankha, choyamba muyenera kuganizira mtundu wa kufala kumene kudzagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Gulu la Magwiridwe

Chovomerezeka padziko lonse, ngakhale sichokhacho, ndi gulu la API lamafuta opangidwa ndi American Petroleum Institute. Imagawa mafuta opangira magiya kuti atumize pamanja m'magulu angapo, kutengera momwe amagwirira ntchito, kuchuluka kwake komanso mtundu wa zowonjezera.

• GL-1 - mafuta zida popanda zina;
• GL-2 - amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu magiya nyongolotsi, makamaka mu makina ulimi;
• GL-3 - kwa transmissions manual ndi ma axles galimoto, osati oyenera magiya hypoid;
• GL-4 - ali ndi kukakamizidwa kwambiri, antiwear ndi zina zowonjezera, ntchito kufala pamanja ndi njira chiwongolero;
• GL-5 - yopangidwira makamaka magiya a hypoid, koma mitundu ina yamakina otumizira imatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati itaperekedwa ndi automaker.

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mafuta opangira giya otsika kuposa momwe wopanga amapangira mtundu wagalimoto iyi sikuloledwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta amtundu wapamwamba nthawi zambiri sikumakhala kopindulitsa chifukwa cha kusiyana kwakukulu kwamitengo.

Makina ambiri amakono ogwiritsiridwa ntchito amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a GL-4. Izi ndi zoona kwa magalimoto akumbuyo ndi kutsogolo.

Opanga mafuta amatulutsanso mafuta opaka padziko lonse lapansi kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'mabokosi onse olumikizana ndi ma gearbox okhala ndi zida za hypoid. Pakulemba kwawo pali chizindikiro chofananira - GL-4 / GL-5.

Pali zotengera zosiyanasiyana zodziwikiratu - hydromechanical, variators, robotic. Mafuta kwa iwo ayenera kusankhidwa poganizira mawonekedwe apangidwe. Mwa iwo, sikuti amangokhala ngati mafuta, komanso amakhala ngati mtundu wamadzimadzi amadzimadzi omwe amalumikiza zinthu za gearbox wina ndi mnzake.

Pamafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza zodziwikiratu, miyezo ya API siyikugwira ntchito. Zochita zawo zimayendetsedwa ndi miyezo ya ATF ya opanga ma transmission.

Mafuta a gulu ili akhoza kukhala ndi mtundu wowala kuti asasokonezedwe ndi mafuta ochiritsira wamba.

Kugawika kwa mamasulidwe

Posankha lubricant gear galimoto, mamasukidwe akayendedwe ake ayeneranso kuganiziridwa. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuganizira za nyengo imene makina ntchito.

Pa kutentha kwambiri, mafuta ayenera kukhala ndi kukhuthala kwabwinobwino komanso kuthekera kotseka mipata, ndipo nyengo yozizira sayenera kukhala wandiweyani komanso osasokoneza magwiridwe antchito a gearbox.

Muyezo wa SAE umadziwika padziko lonse lapansi, womwe umasiyanitsa mafuta opangira nyengo yozizira, chilimwe ndi nyengo yonse. Zima zimakhala ndi chilembo "W" polemba (dzinja - yozizira). Kutsika kwa nambala kutsogolo kwake, kutsika kwa kutentha kwa mafuta kumapirira popanda kukhala wonenepa kwambiri.

• 70W - imawonetsetsa kuti kufalikira kwabwinoko kumayendera kutentha mpaka -55 ° C.
• 75W - mpaka -40 ° С.
• 80W - mpaka -26 ° С.
• 85W - mpaka -12S.

Mafuta olembedwa 80, 85, 90, 140, 250 opanda chilembo "W" ndi mafuta a chilimwe ndipo amasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Makalasi 140 ndi 250 amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumadera otentha. Pakatikati mwa latitudes, kalasi yachilimwe 90 ndiyofunika kwambiri.

Moyo wautumiki wa mafuta opangira magalimoto nthawi zambiri umakhala wopitilira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, chifukwa chake, ngati palibe zifukwa zapadera zogwiritsira ntchito mafuta am'nyengo, ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta anyengo zonse ndikusintha ngati pakufunika. Mtundu wosunthika kwambiri wamafuta aku Ukraine ndi 80W-90.

Kusankha kwamadzimadzi opatsirana ndi mtundu wagalimoto

Kusankhidwa koyenera kwa mafuta opangira mafuta kumayenera kuchitidwa ndikuganizira zofunikira za automaker. Chifukwa chake, chinthu choyamba muyenera kuyang'ana ndi malangizo a makina anu. Ngati mulibe, mutha kuyesa kupeza zolemba pa intaneti.

Opanga mafuta ambiri amagalimoto ali ndi ntchito zapaintaneti zomwe zimakulolani kuti musankhe mafuta popanga galimoto kapena nambala yozindikiritsa galimoto (VIN). Kuwonjezera pa kupanga ndi chitsanzo cha galimoto, ndi bwino kudziwa mtundu wa injini yoyaka mkati ndi kufalitsa.

Iyi ndi njira yabwino yodziwira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu, koma zambiri zomwe zili m'mautumikiwa sizimathera nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, musanagule chinthu, sizingakhale zovuta kupezanso upangiri kuchokera kwa ogulitsa ovomerezeka kapena fufuzani ndi bukhuli ngati mafuta osankhidwawo akukwaniritsa zomwe wopanga makinawo akufuna.