Momwe mungadziwire nokha kachilombo koyambitsa matenda
Zamkatimu
Kutumiza kwamagetsi pang'onopang'ono kumalowa m'malo mwa makina otumizira kuchokera pamsika, kusuntha kuchoka pagawo la magalimoto osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kupita ku zofunikira. Kukwera m'mizinda ikuluikulu, kusuntha magiya mosalekeza ndikuwongolera ma clutch pedal, kwakhala kotopetsa kwambiri. Koma kufala zodziwikiratu n'kovuta kwambiri, choncho kumafuna chisamaliro, kukonza ndi kufufuza wokhazikika.
Ndi liti pamene ma transmissions amafunikira diagnostics?
Nthawi zambiri ndikofunikira kuzindikira makinawo muzochitika zitatu:
- pogula galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mbiri yosadziwika;
- pambuyo zopatuka ku ntchito mwachizolowezi opanda cholakwa kufala amaona pa galimoto yanu;
- pazifukwa zodzitchinjiriza, popeza mtengo wokonza zotengera zodziwikiratu umadalira kwambiri zowonongeka zomwe zidalandilidwa pazifukwa zomwe sizinadziwike munthawi yake.
Ndizomveka kutenga nawo gawo pakuwunika momwe alili akatswiri a station station omwe akugwira ntchito yokonza ma transmissions odziwikiratu, makamaka mtundu wina wake.
Mawonetseredwe a zizindikiro ndi zofooka za mayunitsi osiyanasiyana akhoza kusiyana kwambiri, zomwe sizimanyalanyaza kukhalapo kwa mfundo yaikulu ya ntchito ya chipangizo chosinthira liwiro.
Momwe mungayang'anire zodziwikiratu
Palibe njira imodzi yokhayokha, popeza zotengera zokha zimapangidwa ndi makampani osiyanasiyana, omwe njira yawo yopangira ndi yosiyana.
Muyenera kuchita molingana ndi magawo ambiri, ndipo pakuyesedwa, zindikirani ndikuyang'ana zopatuka zokayikitsa kuchokera kumayendedwe abwinobwino kapena ntchito.
Mulingo wamafuta
Mafuta amatenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito makina onse opatsirana. Ntchito ndi ntchito zake zimagawidwa m'magawo angapo odziyimira pawokha:
- udindo wa madzimadzi hayidiroliki, onse m'mabokosi oyambirira, kumene zonse zonse zinachitika chifukwa cha kugawikanso otaya ndi kupsyinjika kwa mafuta amapopedwa ndi mpope, ndi masiku ano, amene ali kwathunthu pansi pa ulamuliro wa chigawo chamagetsi, koma ma actuators amathandizidwa mwapadera ndi kuthamanga kwa mafuta;
- ntchito zokometsera, kuonetsetsa kukangana kochepa m'mabere ndi magiya a bokosi;
- madzimadzi ogwira ntchito mu chosinthira makokedwe amapereka kusintha kwa makokedwe ndi liwiro la kayendedwe wachibale pakati pa mawilo turbine;
- kuchotsa kutentha kumakina ndi kutulutsa kwake kotsatira mu radiator kapena chosinthira kutentha kwina.
Choncho kufunika mosamalitsa kusunga chofunika kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu bokosi, komanso chikhalidwe chake. Mulingo wamafuta mu crankcase nthawi zambiri umayang'aniridwa injini ikatentha komanso ikuyenda. Izi ndizofunikira kuti pampu ipereke madzi okwanira kumakina onse, ndipo chotsaliracho chitanthauza kukhalapo kwa malo ofunikira.
Pali njira ziwiri zoyezera - pamene bokosi lili ndi chothira mafuta komanso mukamagwiritsa ntchito pulagi yokhala ndi chubu chakutali.
- Pachiyambi choyamba, ndikwanira kuonetsetsa kuti mlingo uli pakati pa zizindikiro za boma zotentha ndi zozizira.
- Mu mawonekedwe achiwiri, muyenera kuwonjezera pafupifupi theka la lita imodzi ya mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito ku crankcase, ndiyeno mutulutse pulagi yoyamba, pomwe yachiwiri yokhala ndi chubu lakutali. Imatuluka pansi pa crankcase mokwanira kuti mafuta ochulukirapo atulukemo. Madontho amodzi okha ndi otheka chifukwa cha mafunde pamwamba pa galasi lamafuta. Ngati palibe chomwe chimatuluka mu chubu ngakhale mutawonjezera, ndiye kuti bokosilo liri ndi vuto lalikulu ndi kutha kwa mafuta. Izi ndizosavomerezeka, popanda mafuta otumizira basi nthawi yomweyo komanso osasinthika.
Panjira, kununkhira kwa mafuta kumayesedwa. Isakhale ndi mithunzi yoyaka. Maonekedwe awo akuwonetsa kutenthedwa kwa ziwombankhanga, kuvala kwawo mwadzidzidzi ndi kutsekeka kwa njira zonse ndi zinthu zowononga.
Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, mafutawo ayenera kusinthidwa kwathunthu, ndiyeno ndikuyembekeza kuti ziwombankhangazo sizinathe kutheratu ndipo sizinathe. Moyenera, bokosilo liyenera kuchotsedwa, kupasuka komanso lopanda pake.
Chingwe chowongolera cha Throttle
Chingwe ichi chimatumiza chidziwitso kumayendedwe odziwikiratu za kuchuluka kwa kukhumudwa kwa chopondapo chowongolera. Kulimba kumakhala kolimba mukamamira gasi, kenaka bokosilo limasintha, kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito magiya otsika kwambiri kuti muthamangitse kwambiri. Mukapanikizidwa kwathunthu, njira ya kickdown imachitika, ndiye kuti, kuyimitsanso magiya angapo pansi.
Opaleshoniyo imayang'aniridwa ndi kuthamanga kwambiri kwagalimoto ndi pedal yoponderezedwa pansi.
Injini iyenera kuyendayenda mu giya lililonse mpaka liwiro lalikulu, ndipo liwiro lothamanga liyenera kufanana ndi lomwe lalengezedwa ndi wopanga malinga ndi nthawi yofikira liwiro la 100 km / h.
Kupatuka pang'ono ndikovomerezeka chifukwa miyeso ya fakitale imatengedwa pansi pamikhalidwe yabwino ndi oyendetsa mipikisano yaukadaulo.
Kuyimitsa magalimoto
Galimoto itayimitsidwa, mutha kuyang'ana movutikira momwe chosinthira ma torque, pampu, ma solenoids ndi ma clutches mwa kukanikiza gasi njira yonse mutagwira chopondapo. Liwiro siliyenera kuwonjezeka mpaka pazipita, koma pafupifupi 2500-3000, kumene singano ya tachometer iyenera kuchedwa.
Mayesowo ndi owopsa, simuyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndipo mutatha kuchita m'pofunika kuti injini ikhale yopanda ntchito pamalo osankhidwa pa P kapena N kuti muzizire.
Mafuta kuthamanga
Kupanikizika komwe kumapangidwa ndi mpope ndi chowongolera ndikofunikira nthawi zonse m'bokosi, pomwe magwiridwe antchito olondola a ma hydraulic ake onse amadalira.
Mtengo uwu ukhoza kuonedwa ngati scanner yomwe ingatenge zowerengera kuchokera ku sensa ya pressure. Dongosolo lothandizira la scanner likuwuzani zomwe zimafunikira pakutumiza kwadzidzidzi. M'mbuyomu, zida zoyezera kuthamanga zidagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kuyang'ana kufala kwa automatic kukuyenda
Mayesero amsewu amakulolani kuti muwone kusalala kwa kusintha, kusintha kwanthawi yake kupita ku magiya ndi mphamvu zothamangira. Bokosilo liyenera kutenthedwa mpaka kutentha kwadzina kwa mafuta.
Ndi kuthamanga kosalala, kugwedezeka pa nthawi ya kusintha sikuyenera kuonekera, bokosilo limasunthira ku magiya apamwamba popanda injini zambiri zozungulira. Ndi kuthamanga kwambiri, kusintha kumachitika pambuyo pake, komanso popanda jerks. Pamabuleki, magiya amatsitsidwa okha kuti injini iboke.
Ngati liwiro likuwonjezeka ndi kufulumira kumachepetsa, ndiye kuti ziwombankhanga kapena kuwongolera kwawo sikuli bwino. Jerks amawonetsa zovuta ndi mafuta, ma valve body solenoids kapena ma giya amtundu uliwonse.
Kuwona bokosi mu "P" mode
Panthawi yoimika magalimoto m'bokosi, giyayo imatsekedwa mwamphamvu pa shaft yotulutsa pogwiritsa ntchito makina amtundu wa ratchet.
Makina sayenera kugubuduza kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo m'malo otsetsereka. Ndipo kusuntha kwa chosankha sikumayambitsa kugwedezeka kwamphamvu, kugwedezeka kwina kumatheka mukasuntha kuchokera ku D kupita ku R.
Matenda apakompyuta
Kufikira kwathunthu kukumbukira gawo lowongolera ndikotheka pogwiritsa ntchito scanner. Lili ndi chidziwitso kuchokera ku masensa onse omwe alipo, omwe amakulolani kuti muyese momwe mungathere popanda kuchotsa ndi kusokoneza bokosilo.
Ngati angafune, mwiniwakeyo amatha kudziwa cheke ngati agula adaputala yolumikizira cholumikizira chagalimoto ndi pulogalamu yoyenera ya laputopu kapena piritsi.
Mwa zotsika mtengo kwambiri, zotsika mtengo komanso zogwira ntchito zowunikira zowunikira zodziwikiratu, mutha kulabadira Rokodil ScanX.
Chipangizocho chidzakhala choyenera magalimoto ambiri kuyambira 1996 kumasulidwa. Ndi iyo, mutha kuyang'ana zolakwa zagalimoto, mawonekedwe a masensa, kuchuluka kwamafuta ndi kuthamanga, ndi zina zambiri.
Pulogalamu yabwino imakulolani kuti muwerenge zizindikiro zonse ndikupereka magawo olamulira omwe ayenera kukumana. Ndikothekanso kukhazikitsanso deta yosinthira ndikuyesa mayeso a hardware.
Mitengo ya zodziwikiratu kufala matenda m'mizinda ikuluikulu ya Russia
Poganizira mtengo wa kukonza zodziwikiratu kufala, diagnostics ake ndi otsika mtengo. Kuwunika kwachiphamaso kwa chikhalidwecho kungathe kuchitidwa kwaulere, ngati ndondomeko yotereyi yaperekedwa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa ndi kusintha kwamafuta ndi zosefera, zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa kwambiri pafupifupi makilomita 40000 aliwonse.
Nthawi zina, mitengo diagnostics akhoza kuyambira 500 rubles ku 1500-2000 zikwi, kutengera kuchuluka kwa macheke.
Pamapeto pake, mayeso athunthu amachitika ndi diagnostics pakompyuta, kusindikiza kwa zotsatira za magawo onse ndi mayeso amsewu ndi katswiri wodziwa zambiri.
