Junkers Ju 88. Eastern Front 1941 part 9

Junkers Ju 88 A-5, 9K+FA yokhala ndi Stab KG 51 isanakwane. Zizindikiro za kupambana pa helm ndi zodabwitsa.

M’maŵa wa pa June 22, 1941, nkhondo ya Germany ndi Soviet Union inayamba. Pa Opaleshoni Barbarossa, Ajeremani anasonkhanitsa ndege za 2995 pamalire ndi Soviet Union, zomwe 2255 zinali zokonzeka kumenyana. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a iwo, okwana magalimoto 927 (kuphatikiza 702 serviceable), anali Dornier Do 17 Z (133/65) 1, Heinkel He 111 H (280/215) ndi Junkers Ju 88 A (514/422) mabomba mabomba. ) mabomba.

Ndege za Luftwaffe zomwe zimafuna kuthandizira Operation Barbarossa zinatumizidwa ku ndege zitatu (Luftflotten). Monga gawo la Luftflotte 1, kugwira ntchito kumpoto kutsogolo, asilikali onse mabomba ankakhala 9 squadrons (Gruppen) okonzeka ndi Ju 88 ndege: II./KG 1 (29/27), III./KG 1 (30/29), ndi ./KG 76 (30/22), II./KG 76 (30/25), III./KG 76 (29/22), I./KG 77 (30/23), II. /KG 76 (29/20) , III./KG 76 (31/23) ndi KGr. 806 (30/18) pamagalimoto okwana 271/211.

Kupanga kwa Ju 88 A-5 wa III./KG 51 panthawi yanthawi.

Luftflotte 2, ikugwira ntchito kutsogolo kwapakati, inaphatikizapo magulu awiri okha omwe ali ndi ndege ya Ju 88: okwana I./KG 3 (41/32) ndi II./KG 3 (38/32) pamodzi ndi ndege ziwiri za Stab KG 3 , anali magalimoto 81/66. Ikugwira ntchito kumwera, Luftflotte 4 inali ndi magulu asanu omwe anali ndi mabomba a Ju 88 A: I./KG 51 (22/22), II./KG 51 (36/29), III./KG 51 (32/28), I ./KG 54 (34/31) ndi II./KG 54 (36/33). Pamodzi ndi 3 makina wamba, anali 163/146 ndege.

Ntchito yoyamba ya mayunitsi mabomba Luftwaffe mu ndawala Kum'mawa anali kuwononga adani ndege anaikira malire airfields, amene angalole kuti akhazikitse mphamvu ya mpweya ndipo chifukwa chake, momasuka athe mwachindunji ndi mosalunjika kuthandizira pansi. Ajeremani sanazindikire mphamvu zenizeni za ndege za Soviet. Ngakhale kuti m'chaka cha 1941 mpweya umafika mu Moscow obst. Heinrich Aschenbrenner anapanga lipoti munali pafupifupi deta yeniyeni kukula kwenikweni kwa Air Force, ndi 8000 magawano a Luftwaffe General Staff sanavomereze deta izi, kuwaganizira mokokomeza ndi kukhalabe ndi kuyerekezera awo, amene ananena kuti mdani anali za 9917. ndege. M'malo mwake, a Soviet anali ndi magalimoto 17 m'maboma ankhondo aku Western okha, ndipo onse anali ndi ndege zosachepera 704 XNUMX!

Ngakhale nkhondo isanayambe, 6./KG 51 inayamba maphunziro oyenerera a ndege za Ju 88 zokonzekera ntchito za ndege, monga akukumbukira Ofw. Friedrich Aufdemkamp:

Pamalo a Wiener Neustadt, kutembenuka kwa Ju 88 kukhala ndege yowukira yokhazikika kudayamba. Theka lakumunsi la kanyumbako linali ndi zida zachitsulo, ndipo cannon 2 cm inamangidwa m'munsi mwake, kutsogolo kwake kuti ayang'anire wowonera. Kuonjezera apo, makinawo anamanga zida ziwiri zokhala ngati bokosi mu bomb bay, iliyonse yomwe inali ndi mabomba a 360 SD 2. Bomba logawanika la SD 2 lolemera 2 kg linali silinda yokhala ndi 76 mm m'mimba mwake. Pambuyo pa kukonzanso, chipolopolo chakunja cha hinged chinatsegulidwa kukhala ma silinda awiri, ndipo mapiko owonjezera adawonjezedwa pa akasupe. Chomera chonsechi, chomangika ku thupi la bomba pa muvi wachitsulo wautali wa 120 mm, chimafanana ndi mapiko agulugufe omwe amapendekeka mopendekera kumayendedwe a mpweya kumapeto kwake, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti nsonga yolumikizidwa ku fuseyo izungulire motsatana ndi kuphulikako. bomba. Pambuyo pa kusinthika kwa 10, pini ya kasupe mkati mwa fuseyi inatulutsidwa, yomwe inagwedeza bomba lonse. Pambuyo pa kuphulikako, zidutswa za 2 zolemera kuposa 250 gramu zinapangidwa mu mlandu wa SD 1, womwe nthawi zambiri umayambitsa mabala akupha mkati mwa mamita 10 kuchokera pamalo ophulika, ndi opepuka - mpaka mamita 100.

Chifukwa cha mapangidwe a mfuti, zida, ndi mabomba, kulemera kwa Ju 88 kunakula kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, galimotoyo yakhala yolemetsa pang'ono pamphuno. Akatswiriwa adatipatsanso upangiri wamomwe tingagwiritsire ntchito bomba la SD-2 powombera m'mlengalenga. Mabomba amayenera kuponyedwa pamtunda wa mamita 40 kuchokera pansi. Ambiri a iwo ndiye anaphulika pa kutalika pafupifupi 20 m, ndi ena onse pa zimakhudza ndi nthaka. Cholinga chawo chinali kukhala mabwalo a ndege ndi magulu ankhondo. Zinadziwika kuti tsopano tinali mbali ya "Himmelfhrtskommando" (gulu la otayika). Zowonadi, pakuwukira kwa ndege kuchokera kutalika kwa 40 m, tidakhala ndi chitetezo chachikulu chapansi, chokhala ndi mfuti zolimbana ndi ndege zopepuka komanso zida zazing'ono za ana aang'ono. Ndipo kuonjezera apo, kunali koyenera kuganizira za kuukira kwa omenyana. Tayamba kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu ngati nthunzi ndi magetsi. Oyendetsa ndegewo anayenera kusamala kwambiri kuti mabomba akaponyedwa ndi nthunzi kapena mkulu wa asilikali, nthawi zonse ayenera kukhala pamtunda wofanana kapena wapamwamba kuposa mtsogoleriyo kuti asagwere m'dera lachiwonetsero cha mabomba ophulika.