Galimoto ya DIY yopangira denga
Zamkatimu
Kutsekera padenga ndi njira yabwino yotetezera katundu wambiri padenga. Galimoto sidzataya maonekedwe. Njanji sizimakhudza magwiridwe antchito aerodynamic komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Iwo sangakhoze kuchotsedwa m'galimoto (mosiyana ndi thunthu lanyumba-dengu, bokosi, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kunyamula zopanda kanthu).
Chipinda chonyamula katundu nthawi zonse m'galimoto sichimakhutiritsa dalaivala. Ngati mukufuna kunyamula katundu wambiri, tulukani mu chilengedwe, chipinda chachikulu chonyamula katundu sichingakhale chokwanira. Mitundu yambiri yamagalimoto imakhala ndi njanji zapadenga, pali malo opangira fakitale. Koma m'magalimoto ena mulibe mabowo omangira njanji kapena ma crossmembers. Dzichitireni nokha bokosi la katundu padenga lagalimoto kapena chinthu choyambirira chidzakhala njira yotulukira.
Mitundu ya thunthu
Malo onyamula katundu pamwamba pa galimoto nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri: njinga ya njinga, mwachitsanzo, ingafunike kangapo pachaka. Choncho, eni ake amakonda nyumba zochotseka zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuziyika ngati n'koyenera komanso zosavuta kuzichotsa. Thunthu lililonse limachepetsa magwiridwe antchito a aerodynamic agalimoto, kumawonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta komanso kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuwongolera.
Zogulitsa zimasiyana ndi mapangidwe, zinthu, mtundu wa kukhazikitsa ndi cholinga. Malinga ndi katundu amene akukonzekera kunyamulidwa, sankhani mtundu wa katundu. Kwa maulendo ataliatali, kudzakhala kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ulendo wopita kuulendo, ngati mayendedwe amodzi a canister kapena mawilo akonzedwa, ndikokwanira kukhazikitsa mbiri yayitali kapena yodutsa.
Mwa kapangidwe
Mapangidwe omwe amapezeka kwambiri:
- zopingasa;
- autobox;
- kutumiza;
- apadera.
Choyika njinga
Ma denga apadera amapangidwa kuti azinyamula zinthu zenizeni komanso kukhala ndi maloko apadera, zomangira ndi zingwe, mwachitsanzo, kukhazikitsa bwato kapena njinga. Sizingatheke nthawi zonse kunyamula katundu wokulirapo padenga (malinga ndi malamulo, gawo lotukuka la thunthu kutsogolo siliyenera kupitilira 20 cm pamwamba pa galasi lakutsogolo, katunduyo sayenera kuthamangira kuseri kwa miyeso yonse yagalimoto) . Pamayendedwe akulu, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chokokera ndi ngolo.
Zipinda zotsogola ndi madengu okhala ndi mbali zomwe zimayikidwa pazitsulo zopingasa (njanji) kapena kukhala ndi kapangidwe kake ndikuyikidwa padenga.
Ma autoboxes ndi olimba komanso ofewa. Zipinda zotsekedwa zopepuka zimapangidwa pansi pamtundu wina, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri owongolera kuchepa kwa ma aerodynamics, ndipo zomangira zimaperekedwa. Mitengo yolimba yama wardrobes imapangidwira kutengera zinthu zamunthu.
Zopingasa. Kalasi yodziwika bwino ndi yopangidwa ndi welded kapena pvc mu mawonekedwe amizere yoyikapo. Pamapulogalamu odutsa, mutha kuteteza katunduyo, kukhazikitsa dengu kapena thunthu ndi mbali. Mapangidwe a chilengedwe chonse ndi oyenera kunyamula katundu wopangidwa mosagwirizana.
Kusankhidwa
Kwa ma minibasi, zitsulo zapadenga ndi zopingasa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimatha kupirira kulemera kwa 150 kg pazithandizo ziwiri. Kwa magalimoto okwera, kulemera kwa katundu (pamodzi ndi kulemera kwa thunthu) ndi 75 kg.
Mabokosi apulasitiki oyikidwa pazitsulo za aluminiyamu amatha kukweza mpaka 70 kg. Ngati pulasitiki yopepuka imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mamembala a mtanda, kuchuluka kwa katundu kuyenera kusapitirira 50 kg.
Malinga ndi Art. 12.21 ya Code of Administrative Offences of the Russian Federation, katundu padenga ayenera kukhazikika mokhazikika, sayenera kusintha pakati pa mphamvu yokoka yagalimoto, kulepheretsa mawonekedwe. Ngati katunduyo akukwera kupitirira miyeso ya galimoto kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo ndi mamita oposa 1, m'mbali mwake ndi oposa 0,4 m, m'pofunika kupachika nyali zochenjeza ndi chizindikiro cha "katundu wochuluka" kuzungulira kuzungulira.
Mwa zinthu
Kuchuluka kwa thunthu kumatengera zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira: zinthu zofewa, zolemera zochepa zimatha kuyikidwapo.
Madengu achitsulo ndi olemera, ovuta kukwera ndi kuchotsa, koma amatha kupirira 150 kg. Ngati atadzaza kapena kugawidwa molakwika, zomangira zopingasa zimatha kupindika denga.
Denga pachithandara
Aluminiyamu crossbars ndizofala kwambiri, sizimawonjezera oxidize, ndizopepuka, zimatha kupirira katundu mpaka 75 kg. Ngati apindika kuchokera ku mphamvu yokoka kwambiri, denga limakhala lopindika.
Zapangidwa ndi pulasitiki ya ABS. Mapanelo opepuka, olimba amagwiritsidwa ntchito panjanji zazitali, zopangidwa ndi chitsulo choyikirapo zimatha kupirira katundu wambiri. Njanji zimayikidwa m'malo okhazikika.
Momwe mungapangire choyikapo padenga lanu
Njira yabwino yopulumutsira ndalama ingakhale kupanga zitsulo zonyamula katundu. Ubwino:
- kakonzedwe ka chipindacho pa zosowa zenizeni;
- kumasuka kwa kuthyola, kwa kutumiza kamodzi;
- kuyika pamipiringidzo ya gridi kapena bokosi lolimba lomwe limateteza zinthu.
Asanayambe ntchito, mawonekedwe a kamangidwe amayesedwa mosamala malinga ndi miyeso ya galimotoyo. Padenga loposa 2 mita m'litali, muyenera thunthu la mabatani 6, ma sedans ndi hatchbacks, ndikwanira kupanga zomangira 4. Mutha kujambula chojambula padenga lagalimoto ndi manja anu, mutha kutenga chojambula kuchokera pa intaneti kapena kubwera nacho.
Zomwe zimafunika
Kwa thunthu lanyumba, mbiri ya aluminiyamu imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yokhala ndi gawo la 20x30. Zomangamanga za chitoliro zimatengedwa, ngati bolodi laperekedwa mu thunthu, ngati chotchingira chapamwamba choteteza. Kwa mipiringidzo ndi mipiringidzo, mawonekedwe a square amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zomwe zidzafunike:
- makina owotcherera semi-atomatiki;
- roulette, wolamulira;
- chopukusira ndi seti ya zimbale;
- kubowola, kubowola;
- mbale zitsulo kupanga fasteners;
- choyambirira, utoto wagalimoto.
Zinthu zogwirira ntchito
Malo abwino kwambiri oyikapo mapangidwewo adzakhala magutter. Ma clamps amayikidwa mu ngalande, sikofunikira kubowola denga.
Njira yopanga
Choyamba muyenera kupanga njanji, yomwe idzakhala chimango chothandizira. Maziko amatha kupangidwa mozungulira denga la denga ndikumangirira mamembala pamtandapo. Ndipo mutha kudzipatula ku ma slats awiri, pomwe 2-5 transverse aluminium slats adzawotcherera. Thunthu lowongolera limachepetsa mphamvu ya aerodynamic pang'ono, koma kumawonjezera kulemera kwa chipindacho. Pa crossbars mukhoza kukhazikitsa chatsekedwa okonza kapena bokosi.
Dongosolo la ntchito:
- Kuyeza ndi kudula mbiri aluminiyamu - 2 longitudinal n'kupanga, 3 transverse.
- Chotsani mabala. Ngati maziko ali otseguka, mutha kupindika malekezero, ikani mapulagi apulasitiki, mudzaze ndi thovu.
- Weld m'munsi mwa longitudinal ndi yopingasa n'kupanga.
- Konzani seams. Aluminiyamu sayenera kuthandizidwa ndi anticorrosive.
- Limbikitsani kapangidwe kake ndi fiberglass, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku thovu ndikumata pamtanda.
- Lembani maziko.
Ngati thunthu liri ngati basiketi, muyenera kuwotcherera kumtunda kwa kagawo kakang'ono, kuwotcherera zingwe zam'mbali pansi, pindani zingwe (kuti mutenge chulucho) ndikuwotcherera m'mphepete mwake. Ngakhale izi siziri lingaliro labwino, popeza kudzakhala kovuta kuchotsa thunthu, chipindacho chidzakhala cholemera, chomwe chidzakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa pa mphamvu yonse ya katundu.
Kuyika padenga lamoto
Kuyika padenga kumachitika pa zomangira zomwe zimayikidwa pakuda. Ma clamps amakonzekeratu, omwe, kumbali imodzi, amamangiriridwa mwamphamvu padenga, ndipo kumbali ina, amagwira thunthu. Kwa ma clamps, mbale zachitsulo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito (monga mwayi, mutha kutenga cholumikizira cha muffler). Gawolo ndiloyenera kumangirira chipinda chonyamula katundu, chimakhala ndi kukhazikika koyenera.
Mukhoza kukhazikitsa choyikapo padenga pazitsulo zapadenga mwachindunji. Izi zidzafuna 4-6 mounting mbale ndi seti ya mabawuti. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zomangira za fakitale ndi loko. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuchotsa mwamsanga ndikuyika thunthu pazitsulo zotalika komanso zodutsa. Mwachitsanzo, chitsanzo cha Desna ndi thunthu lachitsulo-dengu, lili ndi zomangira zapadziko lonse lapansi, zokhazikika pawiri, zomangira zimatha kuzunguliridwa mmwamba ndi pansi.
Kuphatikiza zomangira za fakitale - kapangidwe kake kali ndi loko ndikutsegula ndi kiyi. Pankhani ya zingwe zodzipangira tokha, zomangira zimafunika kuwotcherera, zomwe sizikhala zovuta, kapena zokhazikika ku ma bolts kapena "anawankhosa".
Momwe mungapangire ndi kukhazikitsa njanji zapadenga
Zitsanzo zambiri zimakhala ndi njanji zapadenga nthawi zonse kapena malo oyikapo. Zotsegula zamakono padenga zimatsekedwa ndi mapulagi apulasitiki. Mukayika chitsulo choyambirira kapena chofananira, zomangira zimagwirizana ndi chitsanzo. Ngati simukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama pamalonda a sitolo, mukhoza kupanga zingwe zopangira katundu.
Denga pachithandara
Kutsekera padenga ndi njira yabwino yotetezera katundu wambiri padenga. Galimoto sidzataya maonekedwe. Njanji sizimakhudza magwiridwe antchito aerodynamic komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Iwo sangakhoze kuchotsedwa m'galimoto (mosiyana ndi thunthu lanyumba-dengu, bokosi, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kunyamula zopanda kanthu).
Zosintha
Crossbar ndi chitsulo kapena pulasitiki gulu, amene anakonza pa mapeto onse pa denga la galimoto kapena pa njanji. Kutengera mtundu wa zomangira, latch iliyonse imamangiriridwa padenga ndi ma bolts 1-2 kapena latches.
Mapeto a gulu la pulasitiki akhoza kukhala chrome-yokutidwa, utoto wakuda. Kwa sedans, hatchbacks, mipiringidzo iwiri yokwanira, ngolo za station, SUVs, zitatu ndizofunikira. Mapangidwe onse amakulolani kuti muyike katundu wolemera makilogalamu 100 padenga.
Longitudinal
Longitudinal railing - gulu lomwe limayikidwa molunjika pamakina m'mphepete mwa kuda. Ngati malo omwe ali pansi pa thunthu lokhazikika atsekedwa ndi pulagi, dzenjelo limachotsedwa mafuta musanakhazikitse njanji, ndipo limasindikizidwa poika bulaketi.
Ngati njanji siziperekedwa, mapanelo amatha kupangidwa paokha kapena kugulidwa m'sitolo. Mukakwera padenga, muyenera kubowola zitsulo, sungani malo oyika mabakiti ndi degreaser. Pofuna kupewa kutuluka kwa madzi, amathandizidwanso ndi sealant.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa denga lodzipangira nokha
Ubwino waukulu wa thunthu lanyumba ndi mtengo wa bajeti. Mutha kupanga basiketi kuchokera ku zida zotsogola. Chojambulacho ndichosavuta kwambiri.
Denga pachithandara
Zimakhala zovuta kuyika thunthu ngati thunthu silinaperekedwe konse ndi phukusi lagalimoto: muyenera kuphwanya kukhulupirika kwa denga, zingwe zomangira ndi mabatani.
Pali zovuta zina zopangira zopangira kunyumba:
- Kusakhazikika kwa thunthu kumangowonjezera mafuta. Pali mphepo, pa liwiro panjira, kuwongolera kumawonongeka.
- Kuwerengera kolakwika kwa kuchuluka kwa katundu kungayambitse kuti ma slats amapindika, denga limapunduka.
- Kuyika zingwe zotsekera popanda kukonza zitsulo zotsatizana kungayambitse dzimbiri ndikupangitsa kuti chinyezi chilowe m'chipinda chokwera.
Ngati palibe kuwotcherera, n'zovuta kupanga maziko a matabwa a 5 amphamvu, ngakhale ophweka.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi kukonza
Njanji zapadenga zimaganiziridwa osati magawo ongoyang'ana pang'onopang'ono pamasinthidwe, komanso chinthu chokonzekera. Mapanelo amtundu wa Chrome-wokutidwa amapatsa galimoto mawonekedwe omaliza. Magawo amaikidwa kamodzi, samakhudza magwiridwe antchito agalimoto.
Choyika padenga chimachotsedwa nthawi iliyonse ngati sikufunikanso kunyamula katundu. Ndikofunikira kuti kukhazikitsa ndi kugwetsa sikutenga nthawi yambiri. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira momwe ma latches alili, ngati maloko agwiritsidwa ntchito, yang'anani momwe amagwirira ntchito.
Thunthulo limakonzedwa muzochitika ziwiri: ngati kuli kofunikira kukonzanso zokutira kwa membala wonse wa mtanda kapena ngati mbale yachitsulo ikugwedezeka kapena yayamba kuwononga. Pamene mng'alu ukuwonekera mu membala wa mtanda, gawolo limasintha. Mapanelo amatha kuwotcherera, koma izi zichepetsa kuchuluka kwa katundu wa chipindacho ndi 50%.
