Mbiri ya mtundu wamagalimoto a Mercedes-Benz

Mbiri ya mtundu wotchuka padziko lonse inayamba kubadwa kwake chifukwa cha kukonzanso kwa makampani awiri aku Germany. Kubwerera pang'ono m'mbiri, woyambitsa Germany Benz anapatsidwa chilolezo kwa ana ake, zomwe zinabweretsa kutchuka padziko lonse lapansi ndikusintha mumakampani a magalimoto - galimoto yoyamba yokhala ndi magetsi a mafuta. M'chaka chomwecho, ntchito ina inalengedwa ndi injiniya wina wa ku Germany, Gottlieb Daimler ndi Wilhelm Maybach, iyi inali ntchito yopangira injini.

Oyambitsa onsewa adapanga makampani: Benz - omwe anali ndi dzina lakuti Benz & Cie mu 1883 ku Mannheim, ndi Daimler - ndi chizindikiro cha Daimler Motoren Gesellchaft (chidule cha DMG) mu 1890. Onse awiri anayamba kufanana ndipo mu 1901, pansi pa mtundu analengedwa "Mercedes" anapangidwa ndi Daimler galimoto.

Chizindikiro chotchukacho chidatchedwa dzina la mwana wake wamkazi, yemwe anali woimira DMG ku France, atapemphedwa ndi wabizinesi wolemera, Emilia Jellinek. Mwamunayo anali wogulitsa ndalama pakampani, yomwe pamapeto pake idafuna kuti akhale m'gulu la oyang'anira, komanso kuti akhale ndi ufulu wogulitsa magalimoto kumayiko ena aku Europe.

Galimoto yoyamba inali odziwika bwino a Mercedes 35hp opangira liwiro. Galimotoyo imatha kufulumira mpaka 75 km / h, yomwe imawonedwa ngati chinthu chodabwitsa m'zaka zimenezo, injini yamphamvu inayi yokhala ndi ma 5914 cubic mita. masentimita, ndi kulemera kwa galimoto sikunapitirire makilogalamu 900. Maybach adagwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe ake.

Imodzi mwa magalimoto oyamba kupangidwa inali galimoto yothamanga yopangidwa ndi Maybach. Jellinek amayang'anira ntchitoyi mkati ndi kunja. Inali yodziwika bwino ya Mercedes Simplex 40px, yomwe imathamanga ndikupanga chidwi chachikulu. Potengera izi, Jellinek adalengeza molimba mtima kuti ichi chinali chiyambi cha nthawi ya Mercedes.

Lingaliro la Maybach, atatuluka ku kampaniyo, adapitilizabe kupanga magalimoto othamanga mpaka Nkhondo Yadziko I ndipo adawonedwa ngati abwino kwambiri, tiyeni titenge magalimoto koyamba m'mipikisano.

1926 idachita bwino ndikukonzanso makampani omwe adakhazikitsidwa ndi mainjiniya ku Daimler-Benz AG. Woyang'anira wamkulu woyamba wa nkhawa anali a Ferdinand Porsche odziwika bwino. Ndi chithandizo chake, ntchitoyi idayambitsidwa ndi Daimler yopanga kompresa kuti iwonjezere mphamvu yamagalimoto idamalizidwa.

Magalimoto omwe atulutsidwa chifukwa chophatikizana kwamakampani awiriwa amatchedwa Mercedes-Benz polemekeza Karl Benz.

Kampaniyo idapangidwa mwachangu, ndipo kupatula magalimoto, magawo a ndege ndi mabwato amapangidwa.

Injiniya wina wodziwika adalowa m'malo mwa Porsche pomwe adaganiza zosiya kampaniyo.

Kampaniyo imayang'ana kwambiri kuthamanga magalimoto. Panthawi yankhanza, a Mercedes omwe anali ndi swastika adalamulira ku Germany.

Kampaniyo idapangiranso boma magalimoto apamwamba. Mercedes-Benz 630, chosinthika ichi, chinali galimoto yoyamba ya Hitler. Ndipo magulu apamwamba a Reichstag ankakonda "magalimoto apamwamba" a Mercedes-Benz 770K.

Kampaniyo idagwiranso ntchito polamula gulu lankhondo, makamaka magalimoto ankhondo, onse magalimoto ndi magalimoto.

Nkhondo anasiya zikuluzikulu pa ulimi, pafupifupi kuwononga kwathunthu mafakitale, kumanganso amene anatenga nthawi yambiri ndi khama. Ndipo kale mu 1946, ndi magulu atsopano, kupeza mphamvu ndi yaying'ono sedans ndi kusamuka pang'ono ndi 38-ndiyamphamvu mayunitsi mphamvu anamasulidwa.

Ma limousine apamwamba, omangidwa ndi manja, adayamba kupanga pambuyo pa zaka za m'ma 50. Ma limousine otere nthawi zambiri amasinthidwa.

Kutumiza magalimoto kumayiko a USSR kunali magalimoto okwera 604, magalimoto 20 ndi mabasi 7.

Kampaniyo yakhazikitsanso ntchito yapamwamba yomwe oimira makampani opanga magalimoto ku Japan sakanatha ngakhale kuyimitsa pambuyo pa zaka za m'ma 80, kungoyipukusa pang'ono pantchito zamsika.

Kampaniyo idapanga magalimoto amisewu komanso masewera. Mercedes-Benz W196, ngati galimoto yamasewera yomwe yapeza mphotho zambiri pamalipiro, idasiya kukhala mtsogoleri wothamanga pambuyo pangozi yomwe idachitika chifukwa chaimfa ya racer wotchuka Pierre Levegh.

Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 50s kumadziwika ndi kutsogola kwa zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri zofotokozera za kapangidwe ka thupi. Kukongola kwa mizere, mkati mwake ndi zinthu zina zambiri zomwe zimatchedwa "zipsepse", zomwe zidabwereka ku magalimoto amakampani aku America.

Voliyumu yonse itha kusindikizidwa kuti iwonetse mwatsatanetsatane mitundu yonse ya kampaniyo.

Mu 1999, kampaniyo idapeza kampani yothetsera AMG. Kupeza kumeneku kunathandiza kwambiri pamene kampaniyo inagwira ntchito ndi magalimoto othamanga.

Nthawi yatsopanoli ikudziwika ndi kuphatikiza magulu.

Mgwirizano wolumikizana udalipo mpaka 1998, nthawi yochuluka chonchi idakhalapo kokha mgwirizanowu.

Mpaka pano, kampaniyo idapanga zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zitha kutchuka osati kungopezako chitonthozo, komanso kusamalira zachilengedwe padziko lapansi, imodzi mwamitu yofunika kwambiri masiku ano.

Mercedes-Benz ikadali yotsogola kwambiri pamsika wamagalimoto.

Oyambitsa

Kuchokera pamwambapa, tikuwona kuti omwe adayambitsa kampaniyo anali "atatu aukadaulo": Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler ndi Wilhelm Maybach. Ganizirani mwachidule mbiri ya aliyense payekhapayekha.

Karl Benz adabadwa pa Novembala 25, 1844 ku Mühlburg m'banja la amatsenga. Kuchokera mu 1853 adaphunzitsidwa ku lyceum yaukadaulo, ndipo mu 1860 ku Polytechnic University, yemwe amadziwika bwino ndi umakaniko waluso. Atamaliza maphunziro ake, adapeza ntchito ku fakitale ya uinjiniya komwe adasiya.

Kenako adagwira ntchito zaka pafupifupi 5 m'mafakitale ngati mainjiniya komanso opanga.

Mu 1871, pamodzi ndi mnzake, adatsegula malo ake ogwirira ntchito, okhazikika pazida ndi zida zachitsulo.

Benz anali ndi chidwi ndi lingaliro la injini zoyaka zamkati, ndipo inali gawo lalikulu pantchito yake.

1878 adamulemba ndi layisensi ya injini ya mafuta, ndipo 1882 adakhazikitsa kampani yogulitsa katundu ya Benz & Cie. Cholinga chake choyambirira chinali kupanga magulu amagetsi.

Benz adapanga choyendera chake chamagudumu atatu oyambira ndi injini yamafuta yamaulendo anayi. Zotsatira zomaliza zidaperekedwa mu 1885 ndikupita ku chionetsero ku Paris chotchedwa Motorvagen, ndipo malonda adayamba mu 1888. Kenako Benz idapanga magalimoto ena angapo munthawi yochepa.

Mu 1897 adalenga "Contra engine", injini yotchuka, yomwe inali ndi makonzedwe opingasa a 2 silinda.

Mu 1914, Benz adapatsidwa ulemu waukadaulo ndi Technical University.

1926 Yophatikizidwa ndi DMG.

Wopangayo adamwalira pa Epulo 4, 1929 ku Ladenburg.

M'chaka cha 1834, yemwe adapanga DMG, Gottlieb Daimler, adabadwira ku Schorndorf.

Mu 1847, atamaliza sukulu, adapanga zida zankhondo pomaliza msonkhano.

Kuyambira mu 1857 adaphunzitsidwa ku Polytechnic Institute.

Mu 1863 anapeza ntchito ku Bruderhouse, kampani imene inkapereka ntchito kwa ana amasiye ndi olumala. Apa ndipomwe adakumana ndi Wilhelm Maybach yemwe adatsegula naye kampani m'tsogolomu.

Mu 1869 adayamba kugwira ntchito pamakina opanga makina, ndipo mu 1872 adakwezedwa kukhala director director pamakina amagetsi oyaka mkati. Maybach, yemwe adabwera ku chomeracho patangopita nthawi pang'ono, adakhala wolemba wamkulu.

Mu 1880, mainjiniya onse awiri adachoka ku fakitaleyo ndipo adaganiza zosamukira ku Stuttgart, komwe lingaliro loyambitsa bizinesi yawo lidabadwira. Ndipo kumapeto kwa 1885 adapanga injini ndikupanga corburetor.

Pamaziko a injini, njinga yamoto idapangidwa koyamba, ndipo pambuyo pake gulu lamagudumu anayi.

1889 idadziwika pakupanga galimoto yoyamba yofanana kwambiri ndi yonyamula ndipo mchaka chomwecho idawonekera pachiwonetsero cha Paris.

Mu 1890, mothandizidwa ndi Maybach, Daimler anakonza DMG kampani, amene poyamba apadera mu kupanga injini, koma mu 1891 Maybach anasiya kampani analengedwa ndi thandizo lake, ndipo mu 1893 Daimler anasiya.

Gottlieb Daimler adamwalira pa Marichi 6, 1900 ku Stuttgart ali ndi zaka 65.

Wilhelm Maybach anabadwa m’nyengo yozizira mu 1846 ku Heilbronn m’banja la kalipentala. Mayi ndi bambo anamwalira Maybach ali mwana. Anasamutsidwa ku "Bruderhouse" yodziwika kale kuti aphunzire, komwe anakumana ndi bwenzi lake lamtsogolo. (Mu mbiri yomwe ili pamwambapa, mfundo zofunika zokhudza Maybach kuchokera ku msonkhano wa Daimler zatchulidwa kale).

Atachoka ku DMG, Maybach, patapita nthawi yochepa, adapanga kampani yopanga injini, ndipo kuyambira 1919 adapanga magalimoto pansi pa mtundu wake wa Maybach.

Wamisiri wamkuluyo adamwalira pa Disembala 29, 1929 ali ndi zaka 83.

Chifukwa cha luso lake lalikulu ndi zomwe adachita mu engineering, adalemekezedwa ngati "mfumu yokonza mapulani".

Chizindikiro

"Chilichonse chanzeru ndi chosavuta" credo iyi yasiya chizindikiro pa chizindikirocho, momwe mawonekedwe a kukongola ndi minimalism amalumikizana.

Chizindikiro cha Mercedes ndi nyenyezi zitatu, kutanthauza mphamvu zozungulira.

Poyamba, chizindikirocho chinali ndi kapangidwe kena. Pakati pa 1902 ndi 1909, chizindikirocho chinali ndi cholembedwa cholemba Mercedes mu chowulungika chakuda.

Kuphatikiza apo, chizindikirocho chidatenga mawonekedwe amakono a nyenyezi yoloza zitatu yokhala ndi utoto wagolide, wonyezimira poyera.

Pambuyo pake, chizindikiro cha nyenyezi chidatsalira, koma pakusintha kocheperako, maziko okhawo pomwe adasinthidwa adasinthidwa.

Kuyambira 1933, chizindikirocho chasintha pang'ono kapangidwe kake, pofika pachimake cha laconic ndi minimalism.

Kuyambira 1989, nyenyeziyo ndi mawonekedwe ake ozungulira amakhala owala kwambiri ndipo amakhala ndi utoto wa siliva, koma kuyambira 2010 kuchuluka kwa nyenyeziyo kwachotsedwa, mtundu wautoto wa siliva wokhawo udatsalira.

Mbiri ya magalimoto a Mercedes-Benz

Galimoto yoyamba yokhala ndi nyenyezi zitatu zosonyeza idawoneka padziko lapansi mu 1901. Inali galimoto yamasewera ya Mercedes yopangidwa ndi Maybach. Galimoto anali ndi makhalidwe angapo kwambiri kwa nthawi imeneyo, injini anali zonenepa anayi, ndi mphamvu - 35 HP. Injiniyo inali kutsogolo pansi pa nyumbayo ndi rediyeta, ndipo kuyendetsa kunachitika kudzera m'bokosi lamagiya. Mtundu wothamangawu udali ndi malo awiri, omwe posachedwa adadziwonetsa bwino ndikukhala otchuka padziko lonse lapansi. Pambuyo wamakono, galimoto inapita pa 75 Km / h. Mtunduwu udayala maziko pakupanga mitundu ina ya Mercedes Simplex.

Siriyo "60PS" anaonekera kwambiri ndi wagawo mphamvu 9235 cc ndi liwiro la 90 Km / h.

Nkhondo isanayambe, magalimoto okwera ambiri adapangidwa, Mercedes Knight inayenera kutchuka kwambiri - chitsanzo chapamwamba chomwe chinali ndi thupi lotsekedwa kwathunthu ndi mphamvu zopanda mphamvu.

"2B / 95PS" - mmodzi wa woyamba kubadwa pambuyo pa nkhondo, okonzeka ndi injini 6 yamphamvu.

Kuyambira 1924, mndandanda wamtengo wapatali wa Mercedes-Benz Type 630 udayambitsidwa ndi injini yamphamvu 6 ndi kutulutsa kwa 140 hp.

"Msampha wa imfa" kapena zitsanzo 24, 110, 160 PS, adawona dziko mu 1926. Analandira dzina ili chifukwa cha liwiro lake mpaka 145 Km / h, ndi injini anali sikisi yamphamvu 6240 cc.

Mu 1928, Porsche atachoka ku kampaniyo, magalimoto atsopano adatulutsidwa ngati Mannheim 370 yokhala ndi injini yamphamvu 6 ndi voliyumu ya malita 3.7 ndi mtundu wamphamvu pang'ono wokhala ndi mphamvu yamphamvu yamphamvu eyiti yokhala ndi malita 4.9, yomwe inali Nurburg 500.

Mu 1930, Mercedes-Benz 770 inatuluka pamzere, idatchedwanso "Mercedes wamkulu" yokhala ndi 200 horsepower 8-cylinder power unit.

1931 chinali chaka chopindulitsa pakupanga zitsanzo zamagalimoto ang'onoang'ono. lachitsanzo "Mercedes 1170" anatchuka ndi injini zake zamphamvu 6 masilindala ndi 1692 cc ndi zida mawilo awiri kutsogolo ndi kuyimitsidwa palokha. Ndipo mu 1933 anapangidwa tandem wa okwera galimoto "Mercedes 200" ndi anagona "Mercedes 380" ndi injini amphamvu 2.0- ndi 3.8 malita. Chitsanzo otsiriza anakhala mayi kwa chilengedwe cha "Mercedes 500K" mu 1934. galimoto munali 5 lita injini, amene anali kholo la "Mercedes-Benz 540K" mu 1936.

Mu nthawi 1934-1936 "kuwala" chitsanzo "Mercedes 130" anasiya msonkhano mzere ndi yamphamvu zinayi yamphamvu 26-ndiyamphamvu unit, yomwe inali kumbuyo ndi buku ntchito 1308 cc. Galimoto iyi idatsatiridwa ndi Mercedes 170 yokhala ndi thupi la sedan. Komanso bajeti ya Mercedes 170V yokhala ndi injini yamasilinda anayi idapangidwanso. Galimoto yoyamba yopanga ndi injini ya dizilo inayambitsidwa chakumapeto kwa 1926, inali yodziwika bwino "Mercedes 260D".

Mu 1946, "Mercedes 170U" idakhazikitsidwa nkhondo isanayambe, yomwe posakhalitsa idasinthidwa ndi injini ya dizilo m'kati mwamakono. Komanso kutchuka "Mercedes 180" 1943 kumasulidwa ndi kapangidwe zachilendo kwambiri thupi.

Pakati pa masewera magalimoto panalinso zina zowonjezera: mu 1951 "Mercedes 300S" chitsanzo anamasulidwa ndi injini 6 yamphamvu ndi okonzeka ndi camshaft pamwamba, komanso wotchuka "Mercedes 300SL" mu 1954, kutchuka chifukwa. ndi mamangidwe a zitseko zonga mapiko a mbalame.

1955 adawona kutulutsidwa kwa bajeti yaying'ono yosinthika "Mercedes 190SL" yokhala ndi mphamvu yamagetsi anayi ndi kapangidwe kokongola.

Zithunzi 220, 220S, 220SE zidapanga banja laling'ono laling'ono ndipo adapangidwa mu 1959 ndipo anali ndi luso lamphamvu. Kuyimitsidwa kodziyimira pawokha pamawilo anayi, kukongola kwa thupi lokhala ndi nyali zosinthidwa komanso kukula kwa chipinda chonyamula katundu kudapangitsa kutchuka kwa mndandandawu.

1963 anatulutsa chitsanzo Mercedes 600, amene amatha kufika liwiro la 204 Km / h. Phukusili linaphatikizapo injini ya V8 yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 250 hp, bokosi la gearbox-liwiro anayi.

Mu 1968 mitundu yopambana yapakatikati ya W114 ndi W115 idaperekedwa padziko lapansi.

Mu 1972 gulu la S limabadwa m'badwo watsopano. Yopangidwa ndi W116, yomwe imadziwika kuti ndiyo njira yoyamba yotsutsana ndi loko, ndipo mu 1979, W126 yosintha, yopangidwa ndi Bruno Sacco, ikuyamba.

Mndandanda 460 munali magalimoto msewu, woyamba amene anaona dziko mu 1980.

Chiyambi cha galimoto yosinthira idachitika mu 1996 ndipo anali mgulu la SLK. Mbali ya galimotoyo, kuphatikiza pamawonekedwe aukadaulo, inali yotembenuka pamwamba, yomwe idabwezeretsedwanso mu thunthu.

Mu 1999, galimoto yodziwika bwino yokhala ndi mipando iwiri yomwe idatenga nawo gawo pamipikisano ya F 1. Idali Mercedes Vision SLA Concept, ndipo mu 2000, kukonzanso pakati pa ma SUV, imodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino zopangidwa inali gulu la GL lokhala ndi anthu okwanira 9.