Mbiri ya Alfa Romeo galimoto mtundu

Alfa Romeo ndi kampani yopanga magalimoto ku Italy. Likulu lake lili mumzinda wa Turin. Kampaniyo imagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, imagwira ntchito yopanga magalimoto, mabasi, sitima, ma yatchi, zida zamafakitale.

Mbiri ya kampaniyi idayamba mu 1906. Poyamba, dzinalo silinali lachisangalalo ngati lomwe lili pano. Dzina loyamba silinamveke bwino ngati lomwe lili pano. Kampaniyo idapangidwa ndi Alexandre Darracq, katswiri waza mafakitale waku France yemwe adapanga kampani ya SAID ku Italy kuti apange magalimoto ovomerezeka a Darracq. Zitsanzo zoyamba zidayamba kufunikira kwambiri ndipo Darrac adaganiza zopanga kukulitsa kupanga ndikukhazikitsa fakitale.

Patapita nthawi, kampaniyo inawonongeka ndi ndalama ndipo idagulidwa mu 1909 ndi amalonda a ku Italy omwe amatsogoleredwa ndi mtsogoleri watsopano Hugo Stella. Mapangidwe opanga adakonzedwanso ndipo dzina latsopano linapatsidwa ku chomera cha Alfa. Galimoto yoyamba yotulutsidwa inali ndi injini yamphamvu ndipo inali ndi deta yabwino yamphamvu, yomwe inali chiyambi chabwino cha kupanga zitsanzo zotsatila.

Pomwe kampaniyo idapanga, mtundu woyamba wamagalimoto udapangidwa, ndipo posakhalitsa mtundu wabwino udachita nawo masewera othamanga. Ndipo adaganiza zoyika magalimoto pamsika wapadziko lonse.

Mu 1915, mtsogoleri watsopano wa kampaniyo, pulofesa wa sayansi Nicola Romeo, akuwonekera, akusintha dzina la kampaniyo kukhala Alfa Romeo wamakono. Makina opanga anali ndi cholinga chokhazikitsa zida zankhondo, kuyambira magulu azida zamagetsi mpaka zida. Anapezanso mafakitale omwe amapanga sitima zapamtunda.

Ntchitoyi idakhazikitsidwa nkhondo itatha, ndipo mu 1923 Vittorio Jano adatenga ukatswiri wopanga kampaniyo, momwe magulu angapo amagetsi adapangidwira.

Kuyambira mu 1928, kampaniyo inavutika ndi ndalama zambiri ndipo inali pafupi kugwa. Pa nthawi yomweyo Romeo anamusiya. Koma patapita zaka zingapo, bizinesi ya kampaniyo inakula, mtengo wa magalimoto unatsika, ndipo zitsanzo zinayamba kufunidwa, zomwe zinabweretsa phindu labwino. Gawo la malonda linakhazikitsidwanso, komanso nthambi zambiri zinatsegulidwa m'mayiko ambiri, makamaka pamsika wa ku Ulaya.

Kampaniyo ikukula mwachangu komanso mitundu yazotsogola kwambiri ikupangidwa, koma kuyambika kwa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse kukakamiza kuti kampaniyo ileke. Pambuyo pochira bomba lalikulu, mu 1945, ntchito idakhazikitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kampaniyo idapanga magulu azipangizo zoyendetsa ndege komanso zankhondo, ndipo patangopita nthawi pang'ono, kupanga magalimoto kunakhazikitsidwa.

Kuyambira koyambirira kwa ma 1950, kampaniyo yawonetsa kuthekera kwamasewera pakupanga magalimoto apamwamba kwambiri komanso magalimoto amisewu. Magalimoto akutchuka osati kokha chifukwa cha luso, komanso mawonekedwe a galimoto, yomwe ili ndi zochulukirapo.

Mu 1978 Ettore Masachese adakhala mtsogoleri wa Alfa Romeo komanso adachita mgwirizano ndi Nissan. Koma patadutsa zaka zingapo, bizinesi ya kampaniyo idayamba kutsika.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 90, kukulitsa ndi njira yowonjezerapo zamakono akukonzekera. Zimapangidwa ndi mitundu yazosintha makongoletsedwe, komanso kusinthitsa kwakukulu kwamagalimoto akale am'badwo watsopano.

Woyambitsa

Woyambitsa kampaniyo ndi Alexander Darrac, koma kampaniyo idafika pachimake motsogozedwa ndi Nicholas Romeo.

Alexander Darrac adabadwa kugwa kwa 1931 mumzinda wa Bordeaux m'banja la Basque. Poyamba adaphunzitsidwa ndikugwira ntchito ngati wolemba zolemba. Kenako ankagwira ntchito yopanga makina osokera. Makina osokera omwe adapanga adapatsidwa mendulo yodetsa nkhawa.

Mu 1891, mainjiniya amapanga kampani yopanga njinga, yomwe amagulitsa posachedwa ndi ndalama zambiri.

Anali ndi chidwi chambiri ndi magalimoto ndi njinga zamoto, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti kampani ya Societa Anonima Italliana Darracq (SAID) ikhazikitsidwe mu 1906. Pambuyo pakupambana koyamba pamsika, kampaniyo idayamba kukulitsa ntchito zake. Posakhalitsa, Nicolas Romeo atangofika, kampaniyo idasintha dzina kukhala Alfa Romeo wapano.

Nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse itatha, Darrak adasankha kusiya ntchito.

Darrac adamwalira mu Novembala 1931 ku Monte Carlo.

Woyambitsa wachiwiri, Nicholas Romeo, adabadwa mchaka cha 1876 ku Italy.

Analandira maphunziro ndi digiri mu ukatswiri wa mainjiniya, maphunziro achiwiri oyenerera pamachitidwewa ku Belgium.

Atabwerera ku Italy, adatsegula kampani yake yopanga zida zamafakitale.

Mu 1915 adapeza mtengo wolamulira ku Alfa ndipo patapita kanthawi adakhala mwini yekhayo. Anagwiritsanso ntchito ntchito yokonzanso zinthu ndikusintha dzinalo kukhala Alfa Romeo.

Mu 1928 adasiya ntchito ya mwini kampaniyo.

Nicholas Romeo adamwalira mchilimwe cha 1938 mumzinda wa Magrello.

Chizindikiro

Zojambulajambula za chizindikiro cha Alfa Romeo ndizoyambirira ndipo zimakupatsani mwayi wosiyanitsa magalimoto amtunduwu.

Chizindikiro chomwecho chimapangidwa mozungulira chodzaza ndi kapangidwe ka buluu ndi siliva, mkatimo muli bwalo lina momwe muli mtanda wofiira wokhala ndi autilaini ya golide, njoka yobiriwira yokhala ndi chidule chomwecho chomwe chimadya munthu ndi cholembedwa kumtunda kwa bwalo la Alfa Romeo mu kaundula wapamwamba. Tsoka ilo, sizikudziwika chifukwa chake chizindikirocho chikuwoneka motere. Mtundu wokhawo womveka bwino udali wovala za banja lodziwika bwino ku Italiya Visconti.

Mbiri ya magalimoto a Alfa Romeo

Mtundu woyamba anali 24 1910HP wokhala ndi chitsulo champhamvu chachitsulo champhamvu zinayi, ndipo 24HP yabwinoko idatenga nawo gawo pamwambowu.

Mitundu yotsatira inali 40/60 HP yapachiweniweni komanso yamasewera. Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagalimoto amasewera adakwanitsa kufikira liwiro la 150 km / h ndikutenga malo othamangitsa opambana. Ndipo mu 1920, kupambana kunali Torpedo 20HP, yomwe idatchulanso kutchuka pamitundu yomwe yapambana.

Pofuna kutsimikizira kupambana kwa magalimoto am'makampani, 8C 2300 idapangidwa mu 1930, yokhala ndi mphamvu yamphamvu yamphamvu yamphamvu 8 yamphamvu yomanga mwapadera.

 Kukongola ndi liwiro zimalumikizidwa mu 8C 2900 yokhazikitsidwa. Mtunduwu watenga dzina la galimoto yokongola kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Alfetta 158 idatuluka mu 1937 ndi thupi loyambirira komanso kapangidwe kake. Adalandiranso kusiyanasiyana kwapadera chifukwa cha mphamvu yaying'ono ndikupambana mpikisano wapadziko lonse F1 kawiri. (Nthawi yachiwiri idachitika chifukwa cha mtundu wamakono wa 159).

Zaka za m'ma 50 ndi Guiletta zidatsimikiziranso kuthekera kwawo kwakukulu pamasewera m'ma 1900. 1900, yokhala ndi magetsi 4-silinda, komanso inali galimoto yoyamba yamakampani yokhala ndi mzere wampingo wonse.

AR 51 inali galimoto yokhotakhota yoyenda mseu ndipo idatulutsidwa mu 1951.

Guiletta yothamanga kwambiri idapangidwa m'mitundu iwiri yamagalimoto amasewera, SS ndi SZ, yomwe inali ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi.

Alfa 75 inali galimoto yamasewera othamanga ndipo idawona dziko lapansi mu 1975.

The 156 inali mtundu watsopano woyimilira chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake katsopano kwambiri ndipo adadziwikanso ngati makina chaka chotsatira.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi Alfa Romeo amamasulira bwanji? Alpha si chilembo choyamba cha zilembo zachi Greek, koma chidule (Anonima Lombarda Fabbrica Automobili) - Lombardy Automobile Joint Stock Company.

Kodi chizindikiro cha Alfa Romeo chimatanthauza chiyani? Njoka yomwe imadya munthu ndi chizindikiro cha mzera wa Viscontia (woteteza kwa adani), ndipo mtanda wofiira ndi malaya a Milan. Kuphatikiza kwa zizindikiro kukuwonetsa nthano yakupha Saracen (Bedouin) ndi m'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa Nyumba ya Viscontia.

Galimoto ya Alfa Romeo ndi yandani? Alfa Romeo ndi kampani yaku Italy yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1910 (June 24) ku Milan. Pakadali pano, mtunduwo ndi wa FCA (Fiat Chrysler Automobiles) nkhawa yaku Italy.