Mbiri ya kampani yamagalimoto ya Renault

Renault ndi imodzi mwazinthu zodziwika kwambiri ku Europe komanso imodzi mwamagalimoto akale kwambiri.

Groupe Renault ndi opanga padziko lonse lapansi magalimoto, ma vani, komanso mathirakitala, akasinja ndi masitima apamtunda.

Mu 2016, Renault inali yachisanu ndi chinayi padziko lonse lapansi yopanga ma automaker, ndipo Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi-Alliance inali yachinayi pamakampani opanga magalimoto padziko lonse lapansi.

Koma Renault adasanduka bwanji mgalimoto lero?

Kodi Renault adayamba liti kupanga magalimoto?

Renault idakhazikitsidwa ku 1899 ngati Societe Renault Freres ndi abale a Louis, Marcel ndi Fernand Renault. Louis anali atapanga kale ndi kupanga zinthu zambiri pomwe abale ake adakonza maluso awo pogwiritsa ntchito kampani yama nsalu ya abambo awo. Zinkagwira ntchito bwino, Louis anali woyang'anira kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe, ndipo abale ena awiriwo ankayendetsa bizinesiyo.

Galimoto yoyamba ya Renault inali Renault Voiturette 1CV. Idagulitsidwa kwa mnzake wa abambo awo mu 1898.

Mu 1903, Renault adayamba kupanga injini zake, monga adagulira kale ku De Dion-Bouton. Kugulitsa kwawo koyamba kunachitika mu 1905 pomwe Societe des Automobiles de Place idagula magalimoto a Renault AG1. Izi zidachitika kuti apange taxi, yomwe pambuyo pake idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asitikali aku France kunyamula asitikali munkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse. Mwa 1907, ena a taxi aku London ndi Paris adamangidwa ndi Renault. Anali ogulitsa akunja ogulitsa kwambiri ku New York mu 1907 ndi 1908. Panthawiyo, magalimoto a Renault amadziwika kuti ndi zinthu zapamwamba. Zakale kwambiri za Renault zogulitsidwa ndi F3000 francs. Iyi inali malipiro a wantchito wamba wazaka khumi. Anayamba kupanga zinthu zambiri mu 1905.

Panali nthawi imeneyi pomwe Renault adaganiza zokatenga motorsport ndipo adadzipangira mbiri m'mipikisano yoyamba mumzinda ndi mzinda ku Switzerland. Onse awiri a Louis ndi Marseille adathamanga, koma Marseille adamwalira pangozi pa mpikisano wa Paris-Madrid mu 1903. Louis sanathenso kuthamanga, koma kampaniyo idapitilizabe kuthamanga.

Pofika mu 1909, Louis anali m'bale yekhayo amene anatsala Fernand atamwalira ndi matenda. Renault posakhalitsa adasinthidwa kukhala Renault Automobile Company.

Zidachitika ndi Renault munkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse?

Pa Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse, Renault adayamba kupanga zipolopolo ndi injini zankhondo yankhondo. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, injini zoyambirira za Rolls-Royce zinali ma Renault V8 mayunitsi.

Zida zankhondo zinali zotchuka kwambiri kotero kuti Louis adapatsidwa Legion of Honor pazomwe adapereka.

Nkhondo itatha, Renault adakulitsa ndikupanga makina azolimo ndi mafakitale. Mtundu wa GP, thirakitara yoyamba ya Renault, idapangidwa kuyambira 1919 mpaka 1930 kutengera thanki ya FT.

Komabe, Renault adalimbana ndikupikisana ndi magalimoto ang'onoang'ono komanso otsika mtengo, msika wogulitsa unali pang'onopang'ono ndipo ogwira ntchito akuchepetsa kukula kwa kampani. Chifukwa chake, mu 1920, Louis adasaina chimodzi mwazigawo zoyambirira kugawa ndi Gustave Goede.

Mpaka 1930, mitundu yonse ya Renault inali ndi mawonekedwe oyambira kutsogolo. Izi zidachitika chifukwa cha rediyeta kumbuyo kwa injini kuti iwapatse "bonnet ya kaboni". Izi zidasintha mu 1930 pomwe radiator idayikidwa kutsogolo pamitundu. Munali munthawi imeneyi pomwe Renault adasintha baji yake kukhala mawonekedwe a diamondi omwe tikudziwa lero.

Renault kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1920 ndi 1930

Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1920 ndi m'ma 1930, mndandanda wa Renault udapangidwa. Izi zikuphatikiza 6cv, 10cv, Monasix ndi Vivasix. Mu 1928, Renault adatulutsa magalimoto 45. Magalimoto ang'onoang'ono anali otchuka kwambiri ndipo akuluakulu, 809 / 18cv, anali ochepa kwambiri.

Msika waku UK unali wofunikira kwa Renault popeza inali yayikulu kwambiri. Magalimoto osinthidwawo adatumizidwa kuchokera ku Great Britain kupita ku North America. Pofika 1928, kugulitsa ku United States kunali pafupi zero chifukwa chakupezeka kwa omwe amapikisana nawo monga Cadillac.

Renault adapitilizabe kupanga injini za ndege pambuyo pa nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse. M'zaka za m'ma 1930, kampaniyo inayamba kupanga ndege za Caudron. Anapezanso gawo ku Air France. Ndege ya Renault Cauldron idalemba ma liwiro angapo padziko lapansi m'ma 1930.
Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, Citroen idaposa Renault ngati wopanga magalimoto wamkulu kwambiri ku France.

Izi zinali chifukwa choti mitundu ya Citroen inali yatsopano komanso yotchuka kuposa Renault. Komabe, Kupsinjika Kwakukulu kunayamba mkatikati mwa 1930s. Pomwe Renault adasiya kupanga mathirakitala ndi zida, Citroen adalengezedwa kuti ndi bankrupt ndipo pambuyo pake adapezedwa ndi Michelin. Renault adalandiranso chikho cha opanga magalimoto akulu kwambiri ku France. Adzasungabe malowa mpaka ma 1980.

Renault, komabe, sanatengeke ndi mavuto azachuma ndipo adagulitsa Coudron mu 1936. Izi zidatsatiridwa ndi mikangano ingapo yantchito ndi ziwopsezo ku Renault zomwe zidafalikira kumaofesi azamagalimoto. Mikanganoyi idatha, ndikupangitsa kuti anthu opitilira 2000 achotse ntchito.

Zidachitika ndi Renault munkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse?

Anazi atatenga France, a Louis Renault anakana kupanga akasinja ku Nazi Germany. M'malo mwake, adapanga magalimoto.

Mu Marichi 1932, Gulu Lankhondo Laku Britain lidayambitsa bomba lopanda bomba ku famu ya Billancourt, omwe anali bomba lomwe silinaponyedwe kwambiri pankhondo yonse. Izi zidabweretsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu komanso kuvulala kwambiri kwa anthu wamba. Ngakhale adayesa kumanganso chomeracho mwachangu, aku America adaphulitsa bomba kangapo.

Pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, chomeracho chinatsegulidwanso. Komabe, mu 1936 chomeracho chinagwidwa ndi zipolowe zandale komanso zandale. Izi zidadziwika chifukwa chaulamuliro wa Popular Front. Ziwawa komanso chiwembu zomwe zidatsatira kumasulidwa kwa France zidasokoneza fakitaleyo. Council of Minerals idatenga chomera motsogozedwa ndi a de Gaulle. Anali wotsutsana ndi chikominisi komanso ndale, Billancourt anali chitetezo cha chikominisi.

Kodi Louis Renault adapita liti kundende?

Boma lakanthawi ladzudzula a Louis Renault chifukwa chothandizana ndi Ajeremani. Izi zinali m'nthawi ya pambuyo pa ufulu, ndipo kuneneza kwakukulu kunali kofala. Adalangizidwa kuti akhale woweruza, ndipo adakaonekera pamaso pa woweruza mu Seputembala 1944.

Pamodzi ndi atsogoleri ena angapo aku France oyendetsa magalimoto, adamangidwa pa Seputembara 23, 1944. Luso lake loyang'anira kunyanyala mzaka khumi zapitazi limatanthauza kuti analibe mnzake wandale ndipo palibe amene adamuthandiza. Anam'tsekera m'ndende ndipo anamwalira pa October 24, 1944, kudikirira kuzengedwa mlandu.

Kampaniyo idasankhidwa atamwalira, mafakitale okhawo omwe boma la France lidalanda. Banja la Renault linayesa kusintha kusankhaku, koma sizinaphule kanthu.

Renault pambuyo pa nkhondo

Pa nthawi ya nkhondo, Louis Renault mobisa adapanga injini yakumbuyo ya 4CV. Inakhazikitsidwa motsogozedwa ndi a Pierre Lefoschot mu 1946. Anali olimbirana kwambiri a Morris Minor ndi Volkswagen Beetle. Makope opitilira 500000 adagulitsidwa ndipo zopangidwazo zidapitilira kupanga mpaka 1961.

Renault adapanga mtundu wawo wapamwamba, 2-litre 4-cylinder Renault Fregate mu 1951. Izi zidatsatiridwa ndi mtundu wa Dauphine, womwe udagulitsidwa kunja, kuphatikiza Africa ndi North America. Komabe, idataya nthawi poyerekeza ndi zomwe amakonda Chevrolet Corvair.

Magalimoto ena opangidwa munthawi imeneyi akuphatikizapo Renault 4, yomwe idapikisana ndi Citroen 2CV, komanso Renault 10 komanso Renault yotchuka kwambiri.

Kodi Renault adalumikizana liti ndi American Motors Corporation?

Renault adagwirizana ndi Nash Motors Rambler ndi American Motors Corporation. Mu 1962, Renault adasonkhanitsa zida zonyamula zida za Rambler Classic pamalo ake ku Belgium. Rambler Renault inali njira ina yamagalimoto a Mercedes Fintail.

Renault adagwirizana ndi American Motors, kugula 22,5% ya kampaniyo mu 1979. R5 inali mtundu woyamba wa Renault wogulitsidwa kudzera m'misika yama AMC. AMC idakumana ndi mavuto ena ndipo idatsala pang'ono kutayika. Renault adatulutsa AMC ndi ndalama ndipo adamaliza ndi 47,5% ya AMC. Zotsatira za mgwirizanowu ndikutsatsa kwa magalimoto a Jeep ku Europe. Mawilo ndi mipando ya Renault inagwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Kupatula apo, Renault adagulitsa AMC kwa Chrysler kutsatira kuphedwa kwa wapampando wa Renault a Georges Besse mu 1987. Kulowa kwa Renault kudatha pambuyo pa 1989.

Munthawi imeneyi Renault adakhazikitsanso mabungwe ena opanga ambiri. Izi zinaphatikizapo Dacia ku Romania ndi South America, komanso Volvo ndi Peugeot. Otsatirawa anali mgwirizano wamatekinoloje ndipo zidatsogolera pakupanga Renault 30, Peugeot 604 ndi Volvo 260.

Peugeot atapeza Citroen, mgwirizano ndi Renault unachepetsedwa, koma kuphatikizana kupitilirabe.

Kodi Georges Besse adaphedwa liti?

Besse adakhala mutu wa Renault mu Januwale 1985. Adalowa nawo kampaniyo pomwe Renault sinali yopindulitsa.

Poyamba, sanali wotchuka kwambiri, anatseka mafakitale ndipo anachotsa antchito oposa 20. Bess adalimbikitsa mgwirizano ndi AMC, womwe si aliyense amene adagwirizana nawo. Anagulitsanso katundu wambiri, kuphatikiza mtengo wake ku Volvo, ndipo pafupifupi anatulutsa Renault kunja kwa motorsport.

Komabe, a Georges Besse adasinthiratu kampaniyo ndikunena za phindu miyezi ingapo asanamwalire.

Anaphedwa ndi Action Directe, gulu lankhondo lotsutsa anarchist, ndipo azimayi awiri adamangidwa ndikuimbidwa mlandu wakupha. Iwo adanena kuti anaphedwa chifukwa cha kusintha kwa Renault. Kuphedwa kumeneku kunalumikizananso ndi zokambirana zokhudzana ndi kampani ya zida za nyukiliya ku Eurodif.
Raymond Levy adalowa m'malo mwa Bess, yemwe adapitiliza kudula kampaniyo. Mu 1981, Renault 9 idatulutsidwa ndipo idasankhidwa European Car of the Year. Idagulitsa bwino ku France koma idagonjetsedwa ndi Renault 11.

Kodi Renault adamasula liti Clio?

Renault Clio adatulutsidwa mu Meyi 1990. Imeneyi inali mtundu woyamba m'malo mwa zida zadijito okhala ndi mayina amatebulo. Anasankhidwa European Car of the Year ndipo inali imodzi mwamagalimoto ogulitsa kwambiri ku Europe mzaka za m'ma 1990. Iye wakhala akugulitsa kwambiri ndipo amadziwika kuti wabwezeretsa mbiri ya Renault.

Renault Clio 16V Classic Nicole Papa Wamalonda

Clio ya m'badwo wachiwiri idatulutsidwa mu Marichi 1998 ndipo inali yozungulira kuposa yomwe idakhazikitsidwa kale. Mu 2001, kukweza nkhope kunachitika, pomwe mawonekedwewo adasinthidwa ndikuwonjezera injini ya dizilo ya 1,5-lita. Clio inali gawo lake lachitatu mu 2004, ndipo lachinayi mu 2006. Inali ndi mawonekedwe okonzedwanso kumbuyo komanso mawonekedwe abwino amitundu yonse.

Clio wapano ali mu Gawo 2009 ndipo adatulutsidwa mu Epulo XNUMX ndikutsogolo kosinthidwa.

Mu 2006, idasinthidwanso European Car of the Year, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwamagalimoto atatu okha omwe adzapatsidwa ulemu. Ena awiriwo anali Volkswagen Golf ndi Opel (Vauxhall) Astra.

Kodi Renault idasinthidwa liti?

Zolinga zogulitsa masheya kwa omwe amagulitsa maboma zidalengezedwa mu 1994, ndipo pofika 1996 Renault idasinthidwa kwathunthu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti Renault amatha kubwerera kumsika waku Eastern Europe ndi South America.

Mu Disembala 1996, Renault adayanjana ndi General Motors Europe kuti apange magalimoto opepuka, kuyambira m'badwo wachiwiri wa Trafic.

Komabe, Renault anali akufunabe mnzake wothandizana naye kuphatikizana kwamakampani.

Kodi Renault adapanga mgwirizano ndi Nissan?

Renault adakambirana ndi BMW, Mitsubishi ndi Nissan, ndipo mgwirizano ndi Nissan udayamba mu Marichi 1999.

Mgwirizano wa Renault-Nissan unali woyamba wamtundu wawo kuphatikiza mitundu yaku Japan ndi France. Renault poyamba adapeza gawo la 36,8% ku Nissan, pomwe Nissan nawonso adapeza gawo la 15% losavota ku Renault. Renault akadali kampani yodziyimira payokha, koma adagwirizana ndi Nissan kuti achepetse ndalama. Anachitanso kafukufuku limodzi pamitu monga zoyendera zosatulutsa zero.

Pamodzi, Renault-Nissan Alliance imayang'anira mitundu khumi kuphatikiza Infiniti, Dacia, Alpine, Datsun, Lada ndi Venucia. Mitsubishi adalumikizana ndi Alliance chaka chino (2017) ndipo onse pamodzi ndi omwe akutsogolera padziko lonse lapansi magalimoto amagetsi okhala ndi antchito pafupifupi 450. Pamodzi amagulitsa 000 pa magalimoto 1 padziko lonse lapansi.

Renault ndi magetsi magalimoto

Renault anali # 2013 kugulitsa galimoto yamagetsi mu XNUMX.

Renault adachita mgwirizano wothana ndi zero mu 2008, kuphatikiza ku Portugal, Denmark ndi mayiko aku US a Tennessee ndi Oregon.

Renault Zoe inali galimoto yamagetsi yogulitsidwa kwambiri ku Ulaya mu 2015 ndi olembetsa 18. Zoe adapitilizabe kukhala galimoto yogulitsa magetsi kwambiri ku Europe mu theka loyamba la 453. Zoe amawerengera 2016% ya magalimoto awo amagetsi padziko lonse lapansi, Kangoo ZE 54% ndi Twizy 24%. malonda.

Izi zikutifikitsa mpaka pano. Renault ndiwotchuka kwambiri ku Europe ndipo magalimoto awo amagetsi akudziwika kwambiri ngati kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo. Renault ikufuna kukhazikitsa ukadaulo wamagalimoto wodziyimira pawokha pofika 2020, ndipo Zoe-Next Next Two idavumbulutsidwa mu February 2014.

Renault akupitilizabe kukhala ndi malo ofunikira pamakampani opanga magalimoto ndipo tikuganiza kuti apitilira kwakanthawi.