Chitsogozo Chokwanira Padziko Lonse la K-151 Series Carburettors

Kabureta wa K-151 wa chomera cha Pekar (chomwe kale chinali Leningrad carburetor) adapangidwa kuti aziyika pa injini zamagalimoto zamasilinda anayi a YuMZ ndi ZMZ, komanso pa UZAM.

Zosintha zosiyanasiyana za carburetor zimasiyana m'magulu a jets ndipo, motero, zilembo zamakalata. Nkhaniyi tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane chipangizo "151st", kasinthidwe ake ndi kuchotsa mitundu yonse ya malfunctions.

Chipangizo ndi mfundo ya ntchito, chithunzi

Carburetor idapangidwa kuti ikhale yolondola kwambiri yosakanikirana ndi mafuta a mpweya ndikupereka kwake kumasilinda a injini.

K-151 carburetor ili ndi njira ziwiri zofananira zomwe mpweya woyeretsedwa umadutsa kuchokera ku fyuluta. Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi rotary throttle (damper). Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kameneka, carburetor imatchedwa zipinda ziwiri. Ndipo throttle actuator yapangidwa m'njira yakuti, malingana ndi momwe accelerator pedal amakanikizidwira (ndiko, kusintha kwa machitidwe a injini yoyaka mkati), damper yoyamba imatsegula nthawi yake, ndiyeno yachiwiri.

Pakatikati mwa njira iliyonse ya mpweya pali ma constrictions ooneka ngati cone (diffusers). Mpweya umadutsa pakati pawo, motero mafuta amayamwa kudzera mu jets za chipinda choyandama.

Komanso, carburetor lili zigawo zotsatirazi:

1. makina oyandama. Amapangidwa kuti azikhala ndi mafuta osasinthasintha m'chipinda choyandama.
2. Waukulu dosing machitidwe a pulayimale ndi sekondale zipinda. Zapangidwira kukonzekera ndi kusakaniza kwa mpweya-mafuta osakaniza ntchito ya injini m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
3. Dongosolo siligwira ntchito. Amapangidwa kuti aziyendetsa injini pa liwiro lokhazikika locheperako. Amakhala ndi nozzles osankhidwa mwapadera ndi ma air channels.
4. kusintha dongosolo. Chifukwa cha izi, kamera yowonjezera imayatsidwa bwino. Imagwira ntchito m'njira yosinthira pakati pa liwiro lopanda pake komanso lokwera kwambiri (pamene throttle ili yosatsegulidwa).
5. Boot chipangizo. Amapangidwa kuti ayambe kuyendetsa injini munyengo yozizira. Mwa kukoka ndodo yoyamwa, timatembenuza mpweya wosungunula m'chipinda choyambirira. Chifukwa chake, njirayo imatsekedwa ndipo chopukutira chofunikira chimapangidwa kuti chiwonjezerenso kusakaniza. Pankhaniyi, valavu ya throttle imatsegula pang'ono.
6. Pampu ya Accelerator. Chida choperekera mafuta chomwe chimapereka chiwongola dzanja chophatikizika chowotcha kwa masilindala pomwe throttle imatsegulidwa mwadzidzidzi (pamene mpweya umayenda mwachangu kuposa kusakaniza).
7. Ecostat. Dosing dongosolo lachiwiri kusanganikirana chipinda. Uwu ndi mphuno yomwe mafuta owonjezera amaperekedwa kuchipinda chotseguka (pamene mpweya wotuluka mu diffuser ndi wokwanira). Izi zimathetsa kusakaniza kowonda pa liwiro la injini.
8. Economizer valve (EPKhH). Udindo wozimitsa mafuta ku carburetor mokakamizidwa idle (PHX) mode. Kufunika kwake kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchulukirachulukira kwa CO (carbon oxides) mumipweya yotulutsa mpweya pamene galimoto imaphwanyidwa ndi injini. Zomwe zimasokoneza magwiridwe antchito a injini.
9. Kukakamiza crankcase mpweya wabwino. Kupyolera mu izi, mpweya wapoizoni wochokera ku crankcase sulowa mumlengalenga, koma mu fyuluta ya mpweya. Kuchokera pamenepo, amalowa mu carburetor ndi mpweya woyeretsedwa kuti asakanike ndi mafuta. Koma makinawo sagwira ntchito chifukwa palibe magawo okwanira a vacuum kuti ayamwe. Choncho, nthambi ina yaing’ono inapangidwa. Imalumikiza kutulutsa kwa crankcase ku danga lakumbuyo kwa carburetor throttle, pomwe vacuum yayikulu imayikidwa.

Pansipa pali chithunzi chatsatanetsatane cha carburetor ya K-151 yokhala ndi zizindikiro:

Momwe mungakhazikitsire ndi manja anu

Kuti musinthe carburetor ya K-151, mufunika zida zotsatirazi:

• zotsekemera zathyathyathya ndi za Phillips;
• ulamuliro;
• cavernometer;
• kukonza ndi kubowola probes (d= 6 mm);
• mpope kwa matayala

Kuti muchotse carburetor, mudzafunika ma wrenches otseguka kapena mabokosi amitundu 7, 8, 10 ndi 13.

Musanayambe kukonza, chotsani kumtunda kwa carburetor, kuyeretsa dothi ndi mwaye. Panthawi imeneyi, mukhoza kuyang'ana mlingo wa mafuta mu chipinda choyandama. Izi zidzakambidwa mwatsatanetsatane pansipa.

Chotsani carburetor pokhapokha ngati kuli kofunikira! Kuwomba ndi mpweya woponderezedwa ndi kuwomba sikuchotsa zotsatira za kutsekeka kwa zitseko ndi kuipitsidwa kwa ma jets (njira).

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti carb yosadetsedwa kwambiri imagwira ntchito komanso yoyera bwino. Zigawo zosuntha zimadzitsuka zokha, dothi sililowa mkati. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri ndikofunikira kuyeretsa kabureta kuchokera kunja, m'malo omwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono tadothi timamatira ku magawo omwe akuyenda (mu makina a lever ndi poyambira).

Tidzakambirana za disassembly pang'ono ya chipangizo ndi zosintha zonse ndi msonkhano wotsatira.

Kuchotsa ndi disassembly algorithm

Tsatanetsatane wa aligorivimu yochotsa ndi kuphatikizira carburetor ya K-151:

• tsegulani chophimba chagalimoto ndikuchotsa nyumba zosefera mpweya. Kuti muchite izi, masulani ndikuchotsa pamwamba pa bulaketi, ndiyeno chinthu chosefera. Ndi kiyi 10, masulani mtedza wa 3 womwe umagwira nyumba ya fyuluta ndikuchotsa;

• tulutsani pulagi ku EPHX microswitch;

• titadula ma hoses onse ndi ndodo, ndi kiyi ya 13 timachotsa mtedza 4 womwe umangiriza carburetor kuzinthu zambiri. Tsopano timachotsa carburetor yokha. Zofunika! Ndi bwino kuyika chizindikiro pamapaipi ndi zolumikizira musanazichotse, kuti pasasokonezeke pa msonkhano wawo;

• chotsani carburetor. Timamasula zomangira 7 ndi screwdriver ndikuchotsa chivundikiro chapamwamba, osaiwala kulumikiza ndodo yoyendetsa mpweya kuchokera pa lever;

• kutsuka kabureta ndi wapadera kuyeretsa wothandizira. Pazifukwa izi, petulo kapena palafini ndizoyeneranso. Ma nozzles amawomberedwa ndi mpweya wothinikizidwa. Timayang'ana kukhulupirika kwa ma gaskets, ngati kuli kofunikira, kuwasintha kukhala atsopano kuchokera ku zida zokonzera. Chenjerani! Osatsuka carburetor ndi zosungunulira zamphamvu, chifukwa izi zitha kuwononga zisindikizo za diaphragm ndi mphira;
• pamene disassembling carburetor, mukhoza kusintha chipangizo poyambira. Ngati sichigwira ntchito bwino, zimakhala zovuta kuyambitsa injini nthawi yozizira. Tikambirana za dongosololi pambuyo pake;
• wononga kabureta pamodzi ndi kapu pamwamba. Timalumikiza chipika cha microswitches ndi mawaya onse ofunikira.

Ngati inu mwadzidzidzi anaiwala payipi kuti kumamatira, ife amati tigwiritse ntchito chiwembu zotsatirazi (kwa injini ZMZ-402):

4- koyenera kuyamwa vacuum mu chowongolera chanthawi ya vacuum ignition (VROS); 5-vacuum kuyamwa koyenera kwa valavu ya EPHH; 6 - kulowetsa mpweya wa crankcase; 9-nipple kusankha vacuum kwa EGR valavu; 13 - koyenera kupereka vacuum ku dongosolo la EPCHG; 30 njira zochotsera mafuta; 32 - njira yoperekera mafuta.

Kwa injini ya ZMZ 406, carburetor yapadera ya K-151D imaperekedwa, momwe mulibe nambala yoyenerera 4. Ntchito yogawa imagwiridwa ndi makina osindikizira amagetsi (DAP), omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi payipi kuzinthu zambiri zomwe amadya, kumene imawerenga magawo a vacuum kuchokera ku carburetor. Apo ayi, kulumikiza hoses pa injini 406 sikusiyana ndi chithunzi pamwambapa.

Momwe mungasinthire mulingo wamafuta muchipinda choyandama

Mulingo wabwinobwino wamafuta a K-151 carburetors uyenera kukhala 215mm. Tisanayambe kuyeza, timapopera mafuta ofunikira m'chipindamo pogwiritsa ntchito lever ya pampu yamanja.

Mulingo ukhoza kufufuzidwa popanda kuchotsa pamwamba pa carburetor (onani chithunzi pamwambapa). M'malo mwa pulagi yolowera m'chipinda choyandama, cholumikizira ndi ulusi wa M10 × 1 chimalumikizidwa, payipi yowonekera yokhala ndi mainchesi osachepera 9 mm imalumikizidwa nayo.

Ngati mulingo suli wolondola, masulani kapu ya carburetor kuti mupeze mwayi wopita kuchipinda choyandama. Mukangochotsa kumtunda, yesani nthawi yomweyo mlingowo ndi kuyeza kwakuya (kuchokera kumtunda wapamwamba wa carburetor kupita ku mzere wa mafuta). Zoona zake n’zakuti mafuta a petulo amasanduka nthunzi mofulumira akamagwira ntchito mumlengalenga, makamaka nyengo yotentha.

Njira ina yoyendetsera mulingo ndiyo kuyeza mtunda kuchokera kumtunda wapamwamba wa cholumikizira chachipinda mpaka choyandama chokha. Iyenera kukhala mkati mwa 10,75-11,25 mm. Pakakhala kupatuka pazigawo izi, ndikofunikira kupindika lilime mosamala (4) mbali imodzi. Lilime litatha kupindika, mafuta amayenera kutsanulidwa m'chipindamo, kenako ndikudzazidwanso. Choncho, miyeso ya mafuta idzakhala yolondola kwambiri.

Chofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyendetsera mafuta ndi kukhulupirika kwa mphete yosindikiza mphira (6) pa singano ya loko, komanso kulimba kwa zoyandama.

Kuyambitsa kusintha

Musanayambe kukhazikitsa chipangizo cha boot, muyenera kudziwa bwino chipangizo chanu ndi dera lanu.

Kusintha kwa algorithm:

1. Pamene mukutembenuza chiwombankhanga, nthawi imodzi sunthani cholever (13) mpaka chomwe chidzapite kumanzere. Timakonza ndi chingwe kapena waya. Mothandizidwa ndi ma probes, timayesa kusiyana pakati pa khoma ndi khoma la chipinda (A). Iyenera kukhala pamtunda wa 1,5-1,8 mm. Ngati kusiyana sikukugwirizana ndi chizolowezi, timamasula nati ya loko ndi kiyi ku "8" ndi screwdriver, kutembenuza screw, kuyika kusiyana komwe tikufuna.
2. Timapitiriza kukonza kutalika kwa ndodo (8). Imalumikiza cam trigger control ndi choke control lever. Pamene unsccrewing mutu wa ulusi 11 (m'mabaibulo oyambirira a carburetor), kusiyana (B) pakati pa 9 ndi 6 levers ndi wofanana 0,2-0,8 mm.
3. Pachifukwa ichi, lever 6 iyenera kukhudza tinyanga 5. Ngati sichoncho, masulani wononga ndi kutembenuzira lever 6 kumanzere mpaka itayima ndi tinyanga za lever ya mikono iwiri (5). Pa ma carburetors a mochedwa, gap (B) imayikidwa ndikumasula wononga zomwe zimateteza nsapato ku cam 13 ndikuyiyendetsa mmwamba ndi tsinde, ndiyeno kumangitsa screw.
4. Pomaliza, yang'anani kusiyana (B). Mukamira ndodo 1, ikani kubowola kwa 6 mm mumpata wotsatira (B) (zopatuka za ± 1 mm zimaloledwa). Ngati sichilowa m'dzenje kapena ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kwa icho, pochotsa screw 4 ndikusuntha lever ya manja awiri, timapeza chilolezo chofunikira.

Kanema wowonera pakukhazikitsa choyambira cha carburetor cha mtundu watsopano wa K-151:

Kupanga ndondomeko yopanda pake

Kusintha kwa idling kumachitika kuti kuwonetsetse kuti injini ikuyenda bwino ndikukhala ndi ma carbon oxides owopsa (CO) mu mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. Koma popeza si aliyense amene ali ndi analyzer gasi likupezeka, tachometer akhoza kusintha, malingana ndi maganizo anu injini.

Poyamba, timayambitsa injini ndikuyitenthetsa (zowononga kuchuluka kwa 1 zimayikidwa mopanda pake). Chotsani pulagi 2 ya screw shank XNUMX, ngati ilipo.

Zofunika! Kutsamwitsa kuyenera kutseguka panthawi yosintha.

Pambuyo kutenthetsa ndi wononga khalidwe, timapeza malo amene liwiro injini adzakhala pazipita (pang'ono ndi injini adzakhala khola).

Kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito wononga ndalama, onjezani liwiro ndi 100-120 rpm pamwamba pa liwiro lopanda ntchito mu malangizo a fakitale.

Pambuyo pake, zomangira zamtundu zimakhazikika mpaka liwiro litsikira mpaka 100-120 rpm, ndiye kuti, pamlingo womwe wafotokozedwa fakitale. Izi zimamaliza kusintha kosagwira ntchito. Ndikosavuta kuwongolera miyeso pogwiritsa ntchito tachometer yamagetsi yakutali.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito chowunikira mpweya, kuwongolera (CO) mumipweya yotulutsa sikuyenera kupitirira 1,5%.

Tikukuwonetsani kanema wosangalatsa, komanso wofunikira kwambiri, womwe ndi wosavuta kusintha liwiro lachabechabe pa carburetor yakusintha kulikonse kwa K-151:

Zovuta ndikuchotsa kwawo

Kuzizira kwa nyumba ya economizer

K-151 carburetor pa injini zina ali ndi mbali zosasangalatsa. M'nyengo yonyowa, mafuta osakaniza mu carburetor amakhazikika pamakoma ake. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa vacuum mumayendedwe osagwira ntchito (kusakaniza kumayenda mwachangu kwambiri, komwe kumayambitsa kutsika kwa kutentha komanso kupanga ayezi). Choyamba, thupi la economizer limaundana, popeza mpweya umalowa mu carburetor kuchokera pano, ndipo gawo la njira apa ndilochepa kwambiri.

Pamenepa, kungopereka mpweya wotentha ku fyuluta ya mpweya kungathandize.

Mtsuko wa payipi wolowetsa mpweya ukhoza kuponyedwa mwachindunji muzobweza zambiri. Kapena pangani zomwe zimatchedwa "brazier" - chishango cha kutentha chopangidwa ndi mbale yachitsulo, yomwe ili pamipope yotulutsa mpweya ndi momwe mpweya wodutsa mpweya umagwirizanitsa (onani mkuyu.).

Komanso, kuti tichepetse vuto la kuzizira kwa economizer, tinatenthetsa injini mpaka kutentha kwa madigiri 60 ulendo usanafike. Ngakhale gasket insulating pa injini, carburetor amalandirabe kutentha.

Kuvala kwa flange

Ndi disassembly pafupipafupi ndi kuchotsa carburetor, komanso ndi mphamvu mopitirira muyeso pamene kumangitsa flange kwa injini, ndege yake ikhoza kukhala yopunduka.

Kugwira ntchito ndi flange yowonongeka kumayambitsa kutulutsa mpweya, kutaya mafuta ndi zotsatira zina zoopsa.

Pali njira zambiri zothetsera vutoli. Koma njira yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo kwambiri ndi iyi:

1. Timatenthetsa ndege ya carburetor flange ndi chowotcha gasi. Choyamba, chotsani zigawo zonse ndi mbali za carburetor (zowonjezera, levers, etc.).
2. Ikani chipinda choyandama pamalo athyathyathya.
3. Mwamsanga pamene carburetor ikuwotcha, timayika chidutswa cha carbide pamwamba pa flange. Timagunda gawo osati molimba kwambiri, nthawi iliyonse ndikuyikonzanso m'malo osiyanasiyana. Kwenikweni, kupindika kwa flange kumapita m'mphepete, m'dera la mabowo a bolt.

Kuti mumve zambiri zamomwe mungasinthire bridle, timalimbikitsa kuwonera kanema wosangalatsa:

Kuti mupewe kupindika kwina kwa flange, ingolimitsani mofanana kamodzi pagalimoto ndipo musachotsenso. Monga tawonera kale, carburetor imatha kutsukidwa ndikusinthidwa popanda kuichotsa mu injini.

Kusintha

K-151 carburetor anaikidwa makamaka pa magalimoto ndi injini ZMZ ndi YuMZ voliyumu 2,3 mpaka 2,9 malita. Panalinso mitundu ya carburetor yama injini ang'onoang'ono UZAM 331 (b) -3317. Kalata yotchulidwa pa thupi la carburetor imatanthauza kukhala gulu linalake la injini, malingana ndi magawo a jets.

Deta yowerengera zosintha zonse za K-151 carburetor

Gome likuwonetsa kuti pali zosintha 14, zodziwika kwambiri zomwe ndi: K-151S, K-151D ndi K-151V. Zotsatirazi ndizochepa: K-151E, K-151Ts, K-151U. Zosintha zina ndizosowa kwambiri.

K-151S

Zosintha zapamwamba kwambiri za carburetor ndi K-151S.

The accelerator pump atomizer imagwira ntchito m'zipinda ziwiri nthawi imodzi, ndipo m'mimba mwake wa diffuser yaying'ono imachepetsedwa ndi 6mm ndipo imakhala ndi mapangidwe atsopano.

Chisankho ichi chinalola kuonjezera mphamvu ya galimoto ndi avareji 7%. Ndipo kugwirizana pakati pa mpweya ndi throttle valves tsopano kukupitiriza (onani chithunzi pansipa). Chokocho chimatha kuyatsidwa popanda kukanikiza chowongolera chowongolera. Zatsopano magawo a dosing nozzles zinapangitsa kuti zikwaniritsidwe zofunikira panopo za miyezo ya chilengedwe.

K-151S Carburetor

K-151D

Carburetor inayikidwa pa injini ZM34061.10 / ZM34063.10, momwe mbali yoyatsira imayendetsedwa ndi ubongo wamagetsi.

Wogawayo adasinthidwa ndi DBP, yomwe imawerengera magawo a kupsinjika kwa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya kuchokera pamagetsi ambiri, kotero K-151D ilibe chipangizo chowonera vacuum pa chowongolera chanthawi ya vacuum.

Pachifukwa chomwecho, palibe EPHX microswitch pa carb.

K-151V

Carburetor ili ndi valavu yoyandama ya chipinda choyandama chokhala ndi valavu ya solenoid. Kumbuyo kwa chipindacho kuli koyenera komwe payipi yolowera mpweya imalumikizidwa. Mukangozimitsa kuyatsa, maginito amagetsi amatsegula mwayi wolowera m'chipindacho, ndipo nthunzi yamafuta ochulukirapo imapita mumlengalenga, potero kufananiza kuthamanga.

Kufunika kwa dongosolo loterolo kudayamba chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa carburetor pamitundu yotumiza kunja ya UAZ, yomwe idaperekedwa kumayiko omwe ali ndi nyengo yotentha.

Vavu ya Solenoid yosinthira chipinda choyandama K-151V

Carburetor ilibe mafuta omwe amatuluka nthawi zonse ndi vacuum ku valavu ya EGR. Kufunika kwa iwo kudzawonekera pamitundu yamtsogolo ya carburetor yokhala ndi njira yodutsa mafuta.

Kuphatikizidwa

K-151 carburetor yadzikhazikitsa yokha ngati yodalirika, yodzichepetsa komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Zowonongeka zonse ndi zoperewera zomwe zili mmenemo zimathetsedwa mosavuta. Muzosintha zaposachedwa, zofooka zonse za zitsanzo zam'mbuyomu zachotsedwa. Ndipo ngati muyiyika bwino ndikuwunika momwe fyuluta ya mpweya ikuyendera, "151" sichidzakuvutitsani kwa nthawi yaitali.