Intercooler ndi chiyani mgalimoto

Okonda magalimoto ambiri nthawi zambiri amatchula kuti galimoto yawo ili ndi injini ya turbocharged. Inde, aliyense adzasangalala kunena kuti pansi pa nyumba iye ali osati kuthamanga mumlengalenga, komanso supercharger makina. Koma ambiri a iwo samamvetsetsa bwino dongosolo lonse la makina turbocharging.

Choncho, m'nkhaniyi tiyesa kulankhula za chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za turbocharging, ndicho intercooler - chimene chiri mu galimoto, mfundo ya ntchito, komanso chifukwa pa injini turbocharged chofunika intercooler.

Kodi intercooler ndi chiyani?

Intercooler ndi chipangizo chamagetsi (chofanana ndi radiator) chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuziziritsa mpweya wa turbine kapena supercharger (compressor).

Kodi intercooler ndi chiyani?

Ntchito ya intercooler ndiyo kuziziritsa mpweya ukadutsa mu turbine kapena supercharger. Chowonadi ndichakuti chopangira mphamvu chimapanga kuthamanga kwa mpweya, chifukwa chothinikizika, mpweya umatenthedwa, motsatana, ndikulimbikitsidwa kwakukulu komanso kosalekeza, kutentha panjira yolowera yamphamvu kumatha kusiyanasiyana kwambiri ndi kutentha kwa malo ozizira.

Momwe ntchito

Turbocharger imagwira ntchito popanikiza mpweya, ndikuwonjezera kachulukidwe kake asanafike pazitsulo zama injini. Mwa kupondereza mpweya wambiri, silinda iliyonse ya injini imatha kuwotcha mafuta ochulukirapo, ndikupanga mphamvu zambiri poyatsira chilichonse.

Njira yovutayi imapangitsa kutentha kwambiri. Tsoka ilo, mpweya ukamayamba kutentha, umakhalanso wocheperako, kumachepetsa mpweya wambiri womwe umapezeka mu silinda iliyonse ndikukhudza magwiridwe antchito!

Chombocho chimapangidwa kuti chizithana ndi izi poziziritsa mpweya wopanikizika kuti ipatse injiniyo mpweya wochulukirapo ndikusintha kuyaka mu silinda iliyonse. Kuphatikiza apo, pakuwongolera kutentha kwa mpweya, kumawonjezeranso kudalirika kwa injini poonetsetsa kuti mpweya wabwino ulinkudza mafuta mu silinda iliyonse.

Mitundu Intercooler

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu yama intercooler yomwe imagwira ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

Mpweya

Njira yoyamba ndiyopumira mpweya m'mlengalenga, momwe mpweya wopanikizika umadutsa ndimachubu zambiri zazing'ono. Kutentha kumasamutsidwa kuchoka kumpweya wothinikizidwa wotentha kupita kuzipserezi zoziziritsa izi, zomwe zimazizilitsidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa mpweya kochokera pagalimoto yoyenda.

Mpweya wothinikizika utakhazikika utadutsa m'malo ozizira, kenako umalowetsedwa ndikulowetsa mochuluka mu injini. Kuphweka, kulemera kopepuka komanso mtengo wotsika wama intercoolers amlengalenga amawapangitsa kukhala chisankho chodziwika bwino pagalimoto zambiri zama turbo.

Mpweya-madzi

Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, otsekemera am'madzi amagwiritsa ntchito madzi kuti achepetse kutentha kwa mpweya wopanikizika. Madzi ozizira amapopa kudzera mumachubu ang'onoang'ono, amatenga kutentha kuchokera kumpweya wothinikizika pomwe umadutsa chipangizocho. Madzi awa akapsa, amapopedwa kudzera mu radiator kapena dera lozizira musanalowenso m'malo ozizira.

Ma intercooler am'madzi amakonda kukhala ocheperako kuposa ma air-to-air intercoolers, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera ku injini komwe kuli malo okwera, komanso chifukwa madzi amatenthetsa mpweya kuposa mpweya, ndioyenera kutentha kwakukulu.

Komabe, kuchuluka kwa kapangidwe kake, mtengo wake, ndi kulemera kwake komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi ma intercoolers am'madzi ndi madzi amatanthauza kuti samakonda kuzolowera ndipo amaikidwa pamakina agalimoto.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa intercoolers

Ngakhale, mwachidziwitso, ma intercoolers amlengalenga amatha kupezeka paliponse pakati pa turbocharger ndi injini, zimagwira bwino ntchito komwe kuli mpweya wabwino, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala kutsogolo kwa galimoto kumbuyo kwa grille yayikulu.

M'magalimoto ena, komwe injini ikupezeka sikusiyana ndi izi ndipo chosazizira chimayikidwa pamwamba pa injini, koma mpweya nthawi zambiri umakhala wochepera pano ndipo wopumira amatha kudziwitsidwa ndi kutentha kwa injini yomwe. Pazochitikazi, zowonjezerapo mpweya kapena zotsekemera zimayikidwa mu hood, zomwe zimawonjezera kuyenda kwa mpweya.

Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino

Mukayika zida zilizonse zowonjezera, woyendetsa galimoto aliyense nthawi zonse amalabadira kumveka kogwiritsa ntchito gawo kapena dongosolo lonse. Ponena za mphamvu ya intercooler, kusiyana pakati pa kukhalapo kwake ndi kusakhalapo kumamveka bwino. Monga momwe timadziwira, choziziritsa kukhosi chimaziziritsa mpweya wolowetsedwa mu injini ndi turbine. Popeza supercharger imagwira ntchito pa kutentha kwakukulu, imapereka mpweya wotentha ku injini.

Popeza kuti mpweya wotentha ndi wocheperako, umathandizira kuti mafuta osakaniza a mpweya asatenthe bwino. Mpweya wozizira kwambiri, umakhala wokwera kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mpweya wochuluka umalowa m'masilinda, ndipo injini imalandira mphamvu zowonjezera za akavalo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muziziritsa mpweya wobwera ndi madigiri 10 okha, injiniyo imakhala yamphamvu kwambiri ndi pafupifupi 3 peresenti.

Koma ngakhale mutenga ochiritsira mpweya intercooler (mpweya akudutsa machubu rediyeta), ndiye pamene injini kufika pa injini kutentha ake adzatsika ndi pafupifupi 50 digiri. Koma ngati m'galimoto waika intercooler madzi, zosintha zina akhoza kuchepetsa kutentha kwa mpweya mu dongosolo injini kudya ndi madigiri pafupifupi 70. Ndipo uku ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu kwa 21 peresenti.

Koma chinthu ichi chidzaonekera kokha mu injini turbocharged. Choyamba, zidzakhala zovuta kuti injini yolakalaka mwachilengedwe ipope mpweya kudzera munjira yokulirapo. Kachiwiri, munjira yayifupi yolowera, mpweya ulibe nthawi yowotcha, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi turbine. Pazifukwa izi, n'zosamveka kukhazikitsa intercooler mu Motors ngati.

Kodi chingachotsedwe?

Ngati intercooler amasokoneza mwini galimoto mwanjira ina, dongosolo ili akhoza dismantled. Koma izi zikhoza kukhala zomveka ngati galimoto sichinakhalepo ndi dongosolo ili kale. Ndipo ngakhale galimoto yasinthidwa, kusowa kwa intercooler kumawonekera nthawi yomweyo. Pamene unsembe wa intercooler kwachititsa kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu injini ndi 15-20 peresenti, kusowa kwa gawo ili yomweyo kuonekera.

Kodi chinthucho chingachotsedwe?

Koma kuwonjezera kuchepetsa mphamvu ya injini kuyaka mkati, nthawi zina dismantling intercooler kungachititse kuti injini kuwonongeka. Izi zikhoza kuchitika ngati dongosolo ili ndi gawo la mapangidwe a galimoto, ndipo likuphatikizidwa mu zipangizo za fakitale.

Pa injini zoyatsira zamkati za turbocharged, simuyenera kuchotsa choziziritsa kukhosi (kachiwiri: ngati ndi zida za fakitale), chifukwa zimapereka kuzizirira kowonjezera komwe kumafunikira kuti injini igwire ntchito mokwanira. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu, ziwalo zake zikhoza kulephera.

Zosankha zodziyika nokha

Ngati pakufunika kukhazikitsa intercooler m'galimoto (kusinthidwa komwe kumasiyana ndi fakitale, kapena monga injini yatsopano ya injini), ndiye kuti dongosololi liyenera kutsata magawo otsatirawa:

• Malo okwanira osinthira kutentha. Monga mukudziwira, mpweya umakhazikika chifukwa cha kusinthana kwa kutentha komwe kumachitika mu radiator (njira yomweyi imapezeka mu radiator ya injini yozizira). Kukula kwa dera la radiator, kumapangitsa kuti ntchito yake ikhale yabwino. Iyi ndi physics, ndipo palibe njira yothetsera. Choncho, sizingakhale zomveka kugula radiator yaying'ono - sikungathe kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa akavalo. Koma ngakhale gawo lalikulu kwambiri silingagwirizane pansi pa hood.
• Cross gawo la dongosolo mapaipi. Musagwiritse ntchito mzere wochepa thupi (muli mpweya wochepa mmenemo, kotero kuti udzakhazikika kwambiri), chifukwa pamenepa turbine idzapeza katundu wowonjezera. Mpweya uyenera kuyenda momasuka kudzera mudongosolo.
• Mapangidwe a chosinthira kutentha. Oyendetsa galimoto ena amaganiza kuti radiator yokhala ndi makoma otenthetsera kutentha idzakhala yothandiza kwambiri. Ndipotu dongosololi lidzalemera kwambiri. Kuchita bwino kwa kutentha kwa kutentha kumasiyana mosiyana ndi makulidwe a makoma: kukula kwake kwakukulu, kutsika kwachangu.
• Highway mawonekedwe. Kumapindika mosalala mu dongosolo, kumakhala kosavuta kuti turbine ikankhire mpweya kupita ku mota. Chifukwa chake, zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa ku machubu a conical, ndipo kupindika kwa nozzles kuyenera kukhala ndi radius yayikulu kwambiri.
• Kulimba. Ndikofunikira kuthetsa kwathunthu kutaya kwa mpweya wozungulira mu dongosolo kapena kutayikira kwake. Kuti tichite izi, mapaipi onse a dongosolo ayenera kukhazikika mwamphamvu momwe angathere. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa ma intercoolers amadzi (kuti choziziritsa kukhosi chisatuluke).

Ikani intercooler yatsopano

Ngati galimotoyo ili kale ndi intercooler, ndiye kuti dongosololi likhoza kusinthidwa mwa kukhazikitsa kusinthidwa kopindulitsa. Monga tafotokozera kale, m'pofunika kuganizira mawonekedwe a machubu, dera la radiator ndi makulidwe a makoma a exchanger kutentha posankha.

Kuti mulowetse gawolo, mudzafunikanso kugula mapaipi ena, chifukwa anzako aatali amathyoka pamapindikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya usayende bwino m'masilinda. Kuti m'malo mwa intercooler, ndikwanira kuchotsa radiator yakale, ndipo m'malo mwake muyike yatsopano ndi mapaipi oyenera.

Features ntchito ndi zifukwa zazikulu zolephera

Ma intercoolers ambiri a fakitale amagwira ntchito moyenera kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngakhale zili choncho, amafunikirabe kusamalidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, pakuwunika kachitidwe kachitidwe, chimodzi mwa zolakwika zotsatirazi zitha kudziwika:

• Line depressurization. Izi zimachitika pamene pali kupanikizika kwambiri mu dongosolo. Pachifukwa ichi, chitolirocho chikhoza kusweka, kapena choziziritsa kuzizira chidzayamba kutuluka pamphambano (imagwira ntchito ku intercoolers yamadzi). Kuwonongeka kumeneku kungasonyezedwe ndi kutsika kwa mphamvu ya injini chifukwa cha kuzizira kosakwanira kwa mpweya wolowa m'masilinda. Pakang'ambika, mapaipi ayenera kusinthidwa ndi atsopano, ndipo ndi bwino kumangirira kugwirizana koyipa.
• Mphepete mwa duct ya mpweya waipitsidwa ndi mafuta. Mafuta pang'ono amafuta nthawi zonse amalowa mu intercooler chifukwa chamafuta ambiri a turbine. Ngati injini serviceable anayamba kutenga oposa lita imodzi ya mafuta pa makilomita 10, m'pofunika kufufuza ngati turbine amatenga mafuta kwambiri.
• Kuwonongeka kwa radiator. Kuwonongeka kwamakina nthawi zambiri kumapezeka mu ma intercoolers omwe amaikidwa m'munsi mwa chipinda cha injini (nthawi zambiri amayiyika pansi pa radiator yayikulu yozizira).
• Zipsepse za radiator zotsekedwa. Popeza kuti mpweya wochuluka umadutsa nthawi zonse posinthanitsa ndi kutentha, dothi limawonekera pa mbale zake. Izi makamaka zimachitika m'nyengo yozizira kapena masika, pamene mchenga ndi mankhwala ambiri amagwera pa radiator, yomwe ili pansi pa bumper yakutsogolo, yomwe misewu imakonkhedwa.

Dzichitireni nokha intercooler kukonza

Kuti mukonze intercooler, iyenera kuchotsedwa. Zobisika za njirayi zimadalira mtundu wa chipangizocho ndi malo ake. Koma mosasamala kanthu za izi, m'pofunika kuchotsa intercooler pa injini yozizira, ndipo dongosolo loyatsira liyenera kuzimitsidwa.

Kuti mukonze intercooler, mungafunike:

• Kuyeretsa kunja kapena mkati mwa chotenthetsera kutentha. Mankhwala osiyanasiyana apangidwa kuti agwire ntchitoyi. Kutengera mtundu wa zotsukira komanso zovuta zamapangidwe a radiator, kuyeretsa kumatha kutenga maola angapo. Ngati chowotcha chotenthetsera chimakhala chodetsedwa kwambiri, chimatsitsidwa m'chidebe chokhala ndi choyeretsa kwa maola angapo.
• Kuchotsa ming'alu. Ngati intercooler ndi madzi, ndipo radiator yake imapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu, ndiye m'pofunika kuti m'malo ndi latsopano. Ngati zipangizo zina zikugwiritsidwa ntchito, soldering ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ndikofunika kuti zinthu za chigambacho zigwirizane ndi zitsulo zomwe zimapangidwira kutentha komwe kumapangidwira.

Kuti mukonze zovuta zambiri za intercooler, palibe chifukwa cholumikizana ndi malo operekera chithandizo okwera mtengo. Ngati muli ndi chidziwitso pa ma radiators a soldering, ndiye kuti ngakhale kuwonongeka kwa makina pa chowotcha kutentha kungathe kuthetsedwa nokha. Mutha kuwona momwe intercooler idakonzedwera bwino paulendo. Ngati galimotoyo yapezanso mphamvu yake yakale, ndiye kuti kuziziritsa kwa mpweya kwa injini kumakhala kothandiza.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kogwiritsa ntchito intercooler

Ubwino waukulu wogwiritsa ntchito intercooler ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya injini ya turbocharged popanda zotsatira zosasangalatsa chifukwa cha zolakwika zakukonzekera. Pa nthawi yomweyi, kuwonjezeka kwa mahatchi sikudzagwirizana ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mafuta ambiri.

Nthawi zina, kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu mpaka 20 peresenti kumawonedwa. Ngati galimoto yafufuzidwa kuti ikutsatira miyezo ya chilengedwe, ndiye kuti chiwerengerochi mutatha kuyika intercooler chidzakhala chokwera kwambiri.

Koma ndi zabwino zake, intercooler ili ndi zovuta zingapo zazikulu:

1. Kuwonjezeka kwa thirakiti (ngati dongosololi siliri gawo la zipangizo zamakono) nthawi zonse kumabweretsa kulenga kukana mpweya wolowa mu injini. Zikatero, turbine yokhazikika iyenera kuthana ndi chopingachi kuti ikwaniritse mulingo wofunikira wokweza.
2. Ngati intercooler si mbali ya mapangidwe a magetsi, ndiye kuti malo owonjezera adzafunika kuyiyika. Nthawi zambiri, malowa amakhala pansi pa bumper yakutsogolo, ndipo izi sizikhala zokongola nthawi zonse.
3. Mukayika radiator pansi pa bumper yakutsogolo, chinthu chowonjezerachi chimatha kuwonongeka, chifukwa chimakhala chotsika kwambiri mgalimoto. Miyala, dothi, fumbi, udzu, etc. kudzakhala mutu weniweni kwa mwini galimoto.
4. Ngati intercooler yaikidwa m'dera la fender, mipata iyenera kudulidwa mu hood kuti mukhale ndi mpweya wowonjezera.

Kanema pa mutuwo

Nayi chithunzithunzi chachidule cha kanema wa magwiridwe antchito a air intercoolers:

Front Intercooler! Bwanji, chifukwa chiyani?

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi dizilo intercooler ndi chiyani? Monga mu injini ya mafuta, ntchito ya intercooler mu dizilo unit ndi kuziziritsa mpweya kulowa masilindala. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti mpweya wochuluka uzilowamo.

Kodi radiator ya intercooler imagwira ntchito bwanji? Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito radiator yotereyi ndi yofanana ndi ya radiator yoyaka mkati mwa injini yoyaka moto. Pokhapokha mkati mwa intercooler ndi mpweya womwe umalowetsedwa ndi injini.

Kodi intercooler imawonjezera mphamvu zingati? Zimatengera mawonekedwe agalimoto. Nthawi zina, injini yoyaka mkati imawonetsa kuwonjezeka kwamphamvu mpaka 20 peresenti. Mu injini za dizilo, radiator imayikidwa pakati pa kompresa ndi zochulukira.

ЧKodi chingachitike ndi chiyani ngati intercooler yatsekedwa? Ngati itazizira turbocharger, idzakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa supercharger, zomwe zingayambitse kulephera kwake. Choyatsira moto chikagwiritsidwa ntchito kuziziritsa mpweya, sikuyenda bwino kudzera pa radiator yotsekeka.