Tayala katundu index

Mlozera Wonyamula Magalimoto - manambala wamba omwe amawonetsa kuchuluka kwa matayala omwe amatha kupirira pakapita nthawi yayitali. Zambirizi ndizofunikira kuti musankhe matayala abwino, ndikuonetsetsa kuti mukuyenda bwino komanso momasuka. Kuti tidziwe chiwerengero cha katundu wa tayala, tebulo limagwiritsidwa ntchito, lomwe limasonyeza manambala a index ndi makhalidwe abwino a misa omwe amafanana nawo.

Mtengo wa katundu (MAX LOAD) ndi kuthamanga kwa matayala

Kupitilira apo, tidzakupatsani tebulo lotere, komanso kukupatsani zambiri liwiro index, zomwenso ndizofunikira posankha tayala. Mukhoza kuwerenga zina zonse za mayina omwe alipo pa matayala kuwonjezera.

Kutsimikiza kwa index ya katundu

Choyamba, muyenera kukumbukira kuti manambala amtundu wa katundu woperekedwa pa matayala. zili ndi malamulo! Ndiye kuti, manambalawa sakutanthauza kulemera kwakukulu komwe tayalalo limapangidwira. Pamene chiwerengero cha katundu chikuwonjezeka, kulemera kwakukulu kovomerezeka kwa galimoto yomwe idapangidwira kumawonjezekanso.

Komabe, ponena za kugwiritsa ntchito, madalaivala ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi funso losavuta pogula matayala atsopano - zomwe matayala amanyamula index kuti musankhe muzochitika zina? Ndikosavuta kuyankha. Pali njira ziwiri. Choyamba ndi kufunsa zambiri zomwe zili mu bukhu la galimoto yanu kapena m'mabuku ofotokozera. Opanga ma automaker ambiri amawonetsa mwachindunji chidziwitso chomwe mtundu wina umafunikira tayala yokhala ndi izi ndi index yolemetsa (zomwezi zimagwiranso ntchito pa index index, ngakhale kusankha ndikosavuta pamenepo, koma zambiri pambuyo pake). Njira yachiwiri ndikuwerengera nokha.

Katundu wamagalimoto onyamula anthu ikhoza kuwerengedwa potengera kulemera kwa galimoto yomwe ili ndi katundu wambiri. Ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kwa galimoto yokhala ndi zida (yokhala ndi thanki yodzaza mafuta, madzi opangira, zida zokonzera, gudumu lopumira, ndi zina zotero), kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe adayikidwamo kumawonjezeredwa (kwa magalimoto nthawi zambiri ndi 5), komanso katundu wina wowonjezera (zonse zimadalira galimoto yeniyeni, magalimoto ang'onoang'ono amatha kukhala 100 ... 200 kg, ndi ma SUV - oposa 500 kg). Pafupifupi mtengo wa ma indices amitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto:

• 60 - katundu mpaka 250 makilogalamu - kwa magalimoto A-kalasi;
• 68 - mpaka 315 makilogalamu pa gudumu - kwa oimira B-kalasi;
• 75 - 387 makilogalamu pa gudumu - kwa magalimoto C-kalasi;
• 87 - 545 makilogalamu katundu - kwa minivans ndi crossovers;
• 99 - 775 kg - kwa ma SUV ndi magalimoto opepuka amalonda.

ndiye chifukwa misa pazipita ayenera kugawidwa ndi anayi (kwa makina chikhalidwe ndi mawilo anayi). Ndipo pambuyo pake onjezerani 35…40% ya katunduyo. Mukachita mawerengedwe osavuta ngati awa, mudzapeza mtengo wokwanira mu kilogalamu zomwe tayala liyenera kupirira. Gawo lomaliza ndikusankha chizindikiro cha index yonyamula magalimoto malinga ndi tebulo. Chonde dziwani kuti muyenera kusankha coefficient yolingana ndi mtengo wamtheradi wa HIGHEST..

kuti musavutike ndi mawerengedwe a index yolemetsa yofunikira pamatayala agalimoto yanu, ndizotheka kuwerengera mwachangu chilichonse pa chowerengera chapadera. Idzakupatsani nthawi yomweyo nambala yoyenera.

Nthawi zambiri, pamitundu yeniyeni ya magalimoto m'masitolo, pali kale zingapo zomwe mungasankhe, zomwe mungasankhe zoyenera kwambiri kwa inu malinga ndi khalidwe, mtengo ndi wopanga.

Zenizeni kupanga katundu kwa mawilo akumbuyomakamaka ngati nthawi zambiri mumanyamula katundu wolemera. Komabe, musakhale achangu ndikusankha matayala okhala ndi index yokwera kwambiri. Zoona zake n’zakuti matayala akamanyamula katundu wambiri, m’pamenenso mphira amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga. Chifukwa chake, tayala lotere lidzakhala lolemera kwambiri, ndipo kuchokera apa likuwonekera zinthu zitatu zoipa.

Choyamba ndi chakuti injini yoyaka mkati idzakakamizika kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera (ndipo chifukwa chake mafuta!), Kuti azungulira gudumu lolemera. Chachiwiri ndi chakuti tayala lolemera lidzakhala lolimba kwambiri, kotero lidzakhala lovuta kukwerapo. Chachitatu - ndi matayala olemera, kuyimitsidwa kwa galimoto kumakumana ndi katundu wowonjezera, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nthawi yake yogwira ntchito imachepetsedwa.

ndiye tikukupatsirani tebulo lolonjezedwa lomwe lingakuthandizeni kudziwa kuchuluka kwa matayala (apa mupeza matayala amitundu yonse - magalimoto, ma SUV, magalimoto, ndi zina zotero). Kwa magalimoto ndi ma SUV, matayala okhala ndi index yoyambira 60 mpaka 125 amagwiritsidwa ntchito (motsatana, kuchokera ku "A" yamagalimoto akalasi mpaka ma SUV olemera).

Katundu index	Kulemera kwakukulu, kg	Katundu index	Kulemera kwakukulu, kg
0	45	100	800
1	46,2	101	825
2	47,5	102	850
3	48,7	103	875
4	50	104	900
5	51,5	105	925
6	53	106	950
7	54,5	107	975
8	56	108	1000
9	58	109	1030
10	60	110	1060
11	61,5	111	1090
12	63	112	1120
13	65	113	1150
14	67	114	1180
15	69	115	1215
16	71	116	1250
17	73	117	1285
18	75	118	1320
19	77,5	119	1360
20	80	120	1400
21	82,5	121	1450
22	85	122	1500
23	87,5	123	1550
24	90	124	1600
25	92,5	125	1650
26	95	126	1700
27	97	127	1750
28	100	128	1800
29	103	129	1850
30	106	130	1900
31	109	131	1950
32	112	132	2000
33	115	133	2060
34	118	134	2120
35	121	135	2180
36	125	136	2240
37	128	137	2300
38	132	138	2360
39	136	139	2430
40	140	140	2500
41	145	141	2575
42	150	142	2650
43	155	143	2725
44	160	144	2800
45	165	145	2900
46	170	146	3000
47	175	147	3075
48	180	148	3150
49	185	149	3250
50	190	150	3350
51	195	151	3450
52	200	152	3550
53	206	153	3650
54	212	154	3750
55	218	155	3875
56	224	156	4000
57	230	157	4125
58	236	158	4250
59	243	159	4375
60	250	160	4500
61	257	161	4625
62	265	162	4750
63	272	163	4875
64	280	164	5000
65	290	165	5150
66	300	166	5300
67	307	167	5450
68	315	168	5600
69	325	169	5800
70	335	170	6000
71	345	171	6150
72	355	172	6300
73	365	173	6500
74	375	174	6700
75	387	175	6900
76	400	176	7100
77	412	177	7300
78	425	178	7500
79	437	179	7750
80	450	180	8000
81	462	181	8250
82	475	182	8500
83	487	183	8750
84	500	184	9000
85	515	185	9250
86	530	186	9500
87	545	187	9750
88	560	188	10000
89	580	189	10300
90	600	190	10600
91	615	191	10900
92	630	192	11200
93	650	193	11500
94	670	194	11800
95	690	195	12150
96	710	196	12500
97	730	197	12850
98	750	198	13200
99	775	199	13600

Liwiro index

Matchulidwe a index ya katundu ndi liwiro la tayala pamphepete mwa mphira ali pafupi. Ndipo izi siziri mwangozi, chifukwa zimagwirizana. Mosiyana ndi katundu, mlozera wa liwiro uli ndi zilembo zamalembo achilatini (kuchokera ku A mpaka Z). Mwachitsanzo, mutha kupeza 92S kapena 88T pa tayala, zomwe zidzangokhala chizindikiro chophatikizana cha zizindikiro ziwirizi.

Mlozera wa liwiro umayikidwa mwapadera pafupi ndi index yonyamula. Chidziwitso ichi chimapereka lingaliro. ndi katundu wotani amene tayala lingapirire pa liwiro lake lalikulu.

Kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa liwiro la tayala ndikosavuta. Pamene chilembocho chikuyandikira kumapeto kwa zilembo, tayalalo limapangidwira mofulumira kwambiri. Chokhacho ndi chilembo H, chomwe chili pakati pa U ndi V. Kotero, tikukupatsani tebulo lofanana lomwe mungathe kufotokozera kuti izi kapena tayalalo lapangidwira liti.

Liwiro index	Liwiro lalikulu, km / h
A	40
B	50
C	60
D	65
E	70
F	80
G	90
J	100
K	110
L	120
M	130
N	140
P	150
Q	160
R	170
S	180
T	190
U	200
H	210
V	240
W	270
Y	300
VR	> 210
ZR	> 240
(W)	> 270
Z	> 300

Momwe mungasankhire zolemba za katundu ndi liwiro

Kufotokozera za katundu ndi liwiro

Malamulo aku Europe a ECE-R54 amafuna kuti onse opanga matayala aziyika katundu ndi liwiro la index yawo. Pankhaniyi, index ya katundu nthawi zambiri imawonetsedwa kwa unsembe umodzi mawilo pa ekseli mbali imodzi. Ngati mphira angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyika kawiri, ndiye kuti mfundo ziwiri zimasonyezedwa kudzera pamzere. Mwachitsanzo, 102/100R. Nambala yoyamba ndi ya kukhazikitsa kamodzi, yachiwiri ndi yoyika pawiri. Matayala ali ndi mayina awiri otere Gulu lazamalonda, yomwe, mogwirizana ndi malamulo omwewo, ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa osati pamagalimoto okha, komanso pamagalimoto ang'onoang'ono ndi magalimoto (ndiko kuti, magalimoto amalonda). Matayala oterowo amasonyezedwanso ndi chilembo C kapena mawu akuti Commercial.

Sizingatheke kuyika matayala okhala ndi katundu ndi liwiro lotsika kuposa zomwe zalembedwa muzolemba.

Ponena za liwiro la index, sizimangokhudza kuthamanga kovomerezeka komwe tayala limapangidwira. Chowonadi ndi chakuti simungathe kuyendetsa galimoto kwa nthawi yayitali (kuposa theka la ola) pa liwiro lalikulu kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa chakuwonongeka kwa matayala. Kuonjezera apo, ndizoopsa kwa moyo, chifukwa pa liwiro lapamwamba mphira ayenera kugwira ntchito mwachizolowezi, osati movutikira. Choncho, amaloledwa kuyendetsa kwa nthawi yaitali pa liwiro la 10 ... 15% m'munsi kuposa momwe amaloledwa. Kulingalira koteroko kumakhala koyenera makamaka pamisewu yoipa, pamene mphira nthawi zonse imalowa m'maenje, maenje ndikuthamangira m'mabampu.

Osapitirira malire othamanga ndipo musayendetse kwa nthawi yayitali pa liwiro lalikulu lomwe limaloledwa mphira.

Posankha matayala ndi index index, monga pankhani ya katundu, simungathe kusankha matayala "mwachangu" kwambiri. Zoona zake n’zakuti tayalalo likamapangidwira mofulumira, m’pamenenso limakhala lofewa. Chifukwa chake, idzakhala yogwira bwino komanso yodalirika pamsewu. Komabe, mphira woteroyo ndi wochuluka zimatha msanga (kumbukirani momwe matayala amasinthidwa pafupipafupi pamipikisano ya Formula 1). Ndicho chifukwa chake sikuloledwa kugula matayala othamanga kwambiri a magalimoto wamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'matauni.

Zotsatira

Tili otsimikiza kuti zomwe zili pamwambazi zikuthandizani kumvetsetsa zomwe matayala amanyamula komanso kuthamanga kwa matayala, omwe mayina awo ali kumbuyo kwa mtengo wa tayalalo. Izi zidzakuthandizani kusankha bwino. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, musaiwale kusiya malire ang'onoang'ono a 10 ... 20% kwa ma indices onse kuti mutsimikizire kuyendetsa galimoto ndi chitetezo pamsewu.