Grumman F-14 Bombcat Gawo 2
Mu Novembala 1994, Wachiwiri kwa Admiral Richard Allen, Mtsogoleri wa Atlantic Fleet Air Force, adapereka chilolezo kuti apitirize kuyesa ndi LANTIRN navigation and guide system ya F-14 Tomcat.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 90, Grumman anayesa kukopa asilikali ankhondo aku US kuti asinthe F-14D kuti ikhale ndi zida zolondola. Kusintha kwamakono kwa Block 1 Strike kudakhudza, makamaka, kukhazikitsa makompyuta atsopano pa bolodi ndi mapulogalamu. Mtengo wa pulogalamuyo unkayerekeza $ 1,6 biliyoni, zomwe sizinali zovomerezeka kwa Navy. Asitikali ankhondo aku US anali okonzeka kupereka pafupifupi $300 miliyoni kuti aphatikizire mabomba otsogozedwa ndi GPS a JDAM. Komabe, pulogalamuyi inali itangoyamba kumene.
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1994, a Martin Marietta adayamba kufufuza za kuthekera kopangira zida za F-14 ndi LANTIRN (Low Altitude Navigation and Targeting Infra-Red for Night) navigation system. Dongosololi linali ndi midadada iwiri: navigation AN / AAQ-13 ndi chitsogozo AN / AAQ-14. Katiriji yolunjika inali ndi ntchito yowunikira chandamale ndi mtengo wa laser. Anapangidwira owombera mabomba a F-15E Strike Eagle ndi F-16. LANTIRN anali ndi ubatizo wamoto panthawi ya Opaleshoni Desert Storm, kumene adalandira zizindikiro zabwino kwambiri. Chifukwa cha mtengo, katiriji yowonera AN/AAQ-14 yokha idaperekedwa kwa F-14. Pulogalamu yosavomerezeka idakhazikitsidwa kuti, chifukwa cha luntha la akatswiri a Martin Marietta komanso kutengapo gawo kwa asitikali apamadzi, adatembenuza Tomcat kukhala nsanja yodziyimira yokha.
Mu Novembala 1994, Mtsogoleri wa Atlantic Fleet Air Force, Wachiwiri kwa Admiral Richard Allen, adapereka chilolezo chopitiliza kuyesa ndi dongosolo la LANTIRN. Thandizo lake pa ntchitoyi linali lofunika kwambiri. Komabe, vuto lalikulu linali kuphatikiza kwa chidebecho ndi womenya nkhondo. Izi zinayenera kuchitidwa m'njira yoti kusinthidwa kokwera mtengo kwa ma avionics ndi radar ya ndege sikunafunikire. Zosintha zazikulu zikadalumikizidwa ndi ndalama zambiri, zomwe Navy sakanavomereza. Mpira wampira wa LANTIRN udangolumikizidwa ndi makina omenyera omenyera nkhondo kudzera pa basi ya digito ya MIL-STD-1553. Njanji zotere zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pa F-14D, koma osati pa F-14A ndi F-14B. Chifukwa chake radar ya analogi ya AN / AWG-9 ndi AN / AWG-15 yowongolera moto idalephera "kuwona" chidebe cha LANTIRN. Mwamwayi, Firchild panthawiyo anapereka adaputala yapadera yomwe inalola machitidwe a digito ndi analogi kuti agwirizane popanda kufunikira kwa basi ya data ya digito.
Martin Marietta adapanga kapangidwe kake, komwe adawonetsedwa ku US Navy koyambirira kwa 1995. Chotsatira cha chionetserocho chinali chotsimikizika kwambiri moti kumapeto kwa 1995 asilikali ankhondo adaganiza zoyambitsa ndondomeko yochepa yowonetsera umboni. Pulogalamuyi inali ndi otsutsa ambiri muulamuliro wapamadzi, omwe adanena kuti kunali bwino kuyika ndalama mu gulu la Hornets kusiyana ndi F-14s, zomwe zidzachotsedwa posachedwa. Chosankha chinali chakuti Martin Marietta anaphimba gawo lalikulu la ndalama zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa akasinja osungira.
F-14 Tomcat yokhala ndi mabomba awiri a CBU-99 (Mk 20 Rockeye II) opangidwa kuti athane ndi zida za bomba.
Ntchitoyi inkachitikira mbali ziwiri ndipo inaphatikizapo kuyengedwa kwa chidebecho chokha komanso chomenyera nkhondo. Chidebe chokhazikika AN/AAQ-14 chili ndi makina ake a GPS ndi otchedwa. Litton inertial measurement unit (IMU) yochokera ku AIM-120 AMRAAM ndi AIM-9X air-to-air missile yomwe ikupangidwa. Makina onse awiriwa amatha kulumikizana ndi F-14 inertial navigation system. Izi zinalola kulunjika kolondola ndi gawo lomwe linadyetsa deta yonse ya ballistic kwa womenya nkhondo. Kuphatikiza apo, kulumikizana kwa thireyi ndi zida zowongolera moto za ndege zitha kuchitika popanda kugwiritsa ntchito radar yam'mwamba. "Kudutsa" radar idachepetsa kwambiri njira yophatikizira, pomwe idakhalabe yankho lothandiza komanso lotsika mtengo. Chidebecho adatha kupanga mawerengedwe onse ofunikira kuti atulutse zida zomwe adasamutsira ku F-14 control control system. Nayenso, iye mwiniyo adatsitsa zonse kuchokera ku zida za womenya nkhondoyo, zomwe adazikopera mu database yake yamkati. Gawo lowongolera losinthidwa linasankhidwa AN / AAQ-25 LTS (LANTIRN Targeting System).
Kusintha kwa womenyayo kumaphatikizapo, mwa zina, kukhazikitsa gulu lowongolera la bunker lomwe lili ndi kapu yaing'ono yowongolera (joystick). Bunker panel idayikidwa kumanzere kumanzere m'malo mwa gulu loyang'anira za TARPS, ndipo linali malo okhawo omwe analipo kumbuyo kwa cockpit. Pachifukwa ichi, F-14 sakanakhoza kunyamula LANTIRN ndi TARPS imodzi. Chisangalalo chowongolera mutu wa optoelectronic ndikusamalira chidebecho chinachokera ku dziwe lazinthu zomwe zatsala kuchokera ku pulogalamu yomanga ndege ya A-12 Avenger II. Chithunzi chochokera m'madzi chikhoza kuwonetsedwa pa RIO stand pa TID tactical data display yotchedwa "spherical aquarium". Komabe, F-14 pamapeto pake idalandira chiwonetsero chatsopano chotchedwa Programmable Target Information Display (PTID) chokhala ndi skrini ya 203 x 203 mm. PTID idayikidwa m'malo mwa chiwonetsero cha TID chozungulira. Zambiri zomwe zimatumizidwa ku TID ndi radar yoyendetsedwa ndi ndege zitha "kuyesedwa" pa chithunzi chowonetsedwa ndi LANTIRN. Chifukwa chake, PTID idawonetsa nthawi imodzi data kuchokera pa radar yomwe ili pamtunda komanso pamalo owonera, pomwe machitidwe awiriwa anali osalumikizana mwanjira iliyonse. Monga koyambirira kwa 90s, chiwonetsero cha 203 x 202 mm chinali chapadera.
Kusamvana kwake kunapereka chithunzi chabwino kwambiri komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuposa zowonetsera zomwe zimapezeka mu F-15E Strike Eagle fighter-bombers. Chithunzi cha LANTIRN chitha kuwonetsedwanso pa chizindikiro cha VDI chakutali (pankhani ya F-14A) kapena imodzi mwa ma MFD awiri (pa F-14B ndi D). RIO inali ndi udindo pa ntchito yonse ya chidebecho, koma bomba lidagwetsedwa "mwachikhalidwe" ndi woyendetsa ndegeyo mwa kukanikiza batani pa joystick. Pakuyimitsidwa kwa chidebe cha LANTIRN, pali malo amodzi okha omwe amamangiriridwa - No. 8b - kumanja kwa multifunctional pylon. Chidebecho chinayikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito adaputala, yomwe poyamba idapangidwira kuyimitsidwa kwa mivi ya anti-radar ya AGM-88 HARM.
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1995, pulogalamu yoyesera thanki ya ndege inayamba. Izi zimatchedwa "chiwonetsero cha kuthekera" kuti musayendetse ndondomeko yeniyeni ya pulogalamu yoyesera, yomwe ikanakhala yokwera mtengo kwambiri. Kuti ayesedwe, F-103B (BuNo 14) wokhala ndi mpando umodzi wokhala ndi antchito odziwa zambiri "adabwereka" ku gulu la VF-161608. Tomcat wosinthidwa moyenera (wotchedwa FLIR CAT) adanyamuka ulendo wake woyamba ndi LANTIRN pa Marichi 21, 1995. Kenako mayeso a bomba anayamba. Pa Epulo 3, 1995, ku bwalo la maphunziro la Dare County ku North Carolina, F-14Bs idaponya mabomba anayi ophunzitsira a LGTR - omwe amafanizira mabomba otsogozedwa ndi laser. Patatha masiku awiri, mabomba awiri opanda zida GBU-16 (inertial) anagwetsedwa. Kulondola kwa chidebecho kumatsimikiziridwa.
Mayesero otsatirawa, nthawi ino ndi bomba lamoyo, adachitidwa pa malo oyesera a Puerto Rican Vieques. Tomcat adaperekezedwa ndi ma F/A-18C okhala ndi mayunitsi a NITE Hawk. Oyendetsa ndege a Hornet amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma pod awo kuti awone ngati dontho la laser la tanki ya LANTIRN linalidi pa chandamale komanso ngati pali mphamvu yokwanira "yowala" kuchokera pamenepo. Kuphatikiza apo, adayenera kujambula mayesowo pa kamera ya kanema. Pa Epulo 10, mabomba awiri a GBU-16 inertial adayambitsidwa. Onse adagunda zomwe akufuna - akasinja akale a M48 Patton. Tsiku lotsatira, ogwira ntchitoyo adaponya mabomba anayi a GBU-16 mukuwombera kuwiri. Atatu a iwo anagunda molunjika pa chandamale, ndipo wachinayi anagwa mamita angapo kuchokera pa chandamalecho. Miyezo yochokera ku ma canisters a NITE Hawk idawonetsa kuti dontho la laser limasungidwa pa chandamale nthawi zonse, kotero adakhulupirira kuti njira yowongolera bomba lachinayi idalephera. Kawirikawiri, zotsatira za mayesero zinapezeka kuti ndizopambana. Nditabwerera ku Ocean base, zotsatira zoyesa zidaperekedwa kwa lamulo. F-14B FLIR CAT idagwiritsidwa ntchito masabata otsatirawa kuyendetsa ndege zodziwika bwino kwa akuluakulu onse omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi maudindo apamwamba.
Mu June 1995, Navy adaganiza zogula trays za LANTIRN. Pofika mu June 1996, a Martin Marietta anali kudzapereka zitini zisanu ndi chimodzi ndikusintha ma Tomcats asanu ndi anayi. Mu 1995, Martin Marietta adalumikizana ndi Lockheed Corporation kupanga Lockheed Martin Consortium. Pulogalamu ya LANTIRN yosungirako tank kuphatikiza ndi kuyesa pulogalamu yakhala mbiri. Ntchito yonse, kuyambira pakupanga kwake mpaka kutumiza zida zomalizidwa zoyamba kupita ku Navy, zidachitika mkati mwa masiku 223. Mu June 1996, VF-103 Squadron inakhala gulu loyamba la Tomcat lokhala ndi zotengera za LANTIRN kuti lipite paulendo wopita ku ndege yonyamula ndege ya USS Enterprise. Inalinso nthawi yoyamba komanso yokha kuti ma Tomcats okhala ndi LANTIRN adagwira ntchito kuchokera pamalo omwewo pamodzi ndi ophulitsa mabomba a Grumman A-6E Intruder. Chaka chotsatira, A-6E pomalizira pake anapuma pantchito. Mtengo wa cartridge imodzi unali pafupifupi madola 3 miliyoni. Pazonse, asitikali aku US adagula ma tray 75. Iyi sinali nambala yomwe inkalola kuti makontena agawidwe kwanthawi zonse ku magawo omwewo. Gulu lililonse lomwe likupita kukamenya nkhondo linalandira zotengera 6-8, ndipo zina zonse zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsa.
M'katikati mwa zaka za m'ma 90, pokhudzana ndi kuchotsedwa kwa mabomba oyendetsa ndege a A-6E komanso kuthekera kopangira F-14 ndi LANTIRN, Navy inayamba pulogalamu yamakono ya Tomcat. F-14A ndi F-14B adalandira ma avionics omwe angabweretse kuthekera kwawo kufupi ndi muyezo wa D, kuphatikiza: Mabasi a data a MIL-STD-1553B, makina okweza a AN / AYK-14 pa board, kuwongolera AN / AWG-fire control 15 system, makina oyendetsa ndege a digito (DFCS) omwe adalowa m'malo mwa analogi, ndi AN / ALR-67 RWR yochenjeza ma radiation.
Bombcat pankhondo
Chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa gawo lowongolera la LANTIRN, omenyera nkhondo a F-14 akhaladi nsanja zokhala ndi zolinga zambiri zomwe zimatha kuchita ziwonetsero zodziyimira pawokha komanso zolondola motsutsana ndi zolinga zapansi. Asilikali apamadzi adagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za Bombcats. Mu 1996-2006, adatenga nawo mbali pazochitika zonse zankhondo zomwe ndege zaku America zidagwira nawo ntchito: mu Operation Southern Watch ku Iraq, mu Operation Allied Force ku Kosovo, mu Operation Enduring Freedom ku Afghanistan, ndi Operation "Iraqi ufulu" ku Iraq. .
Operation Southern Watch inayamba mu Ogasiti 1992. Cholinga chake chinali kukhazikitsa ndikuwongolera malo osawuluka a ndege zaku Iraq. Idaphimba mbali yonse yakumwera kwa Iraq - kumwera kwa 32nd parallel. Mu Seputembala 1996, malirewo adasamutsidwa kupita ku 33rd parallel. Kwa zaka khumi ndi ziwiri, ndege zamgwirizano zidayendayenda m'derali, ndikusokoneza zochitika zapamlengalenga zaku Iraq ndikuthana ndi njira zodzitchinjiriza zomwe Iraq nthawi zonse "imazilowetsa" m'derali. M'nthawi yoyamba, ntchito yayikulu ya Tomcats inali kuchita zolondera zodzitchinjiriza ndi ntchito zowunikiranso pogwiritsa ntchito zida za TARPS. Ogwira ntchito ku F-14 agwiritsa ntchito bwino makontena a LANTIRN kuti azindikire ndi kutsata mayendedwe a zida zankhondo zaku Iraq zolimbana ndi ndege komanso zowombera zowombera ndege zolimbana ndi ndege. Ntchito yolondera wamba inatenga maola 3-4. Utali wautali komanso kulimba kwa omenyera a F-14 anali mwayi wawo wosakayikitsa. Amatha kukhala akulondera kwanthawi yayitali kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa omenyera Hornet, omwe amafunikira kutenga mafuta owonjezera mumlengalenga kapena kutsitsimutsidwa ndikusintha kwina.
Mu 1998, kusafuna kwa Saddam Hussein kugwirizana ndi oyang'anira a UN pakupeza malo opangira zinthu komanso kusunga zida zowonongeka kunayambitsa mavuto. Pa Disembala 16, 1998, United States idakhazikitsa Operation Desert Fox, pomwe zinthu zina zofunika kwambiri ku Iraq zidawonongedwa mkati mwa masiku anayi. Usiku woyamba, kuukira kunachitika kwathunthu ndi Asitikali ankhondo aku US, omwe adagwiritsa ntchito ndege zonyamula anthu komanso zida zapamadzi za Tomahawk. Kunapezeka ndi F-14Bs kuchokera ku gulu la VF-32 lomwe likugwira ntchito kuchokera ku chonyamulira ndege cha USS Enterprise. Aliyense wa omenyanawo ananyamula mabomba awiri oyendetsedwa ndi GBU-16. Kwa mausiku atatu otsatira, gulu lankhondolo linaukira magulu ankhondo m'dera la Baghdad. F-14Bs inkanyamula mabomba a GBU-16 ndi GBU-10 komanso mabomba ophulika a GBU-24 ophulika zida zankhondo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana ndi maziko ndi zinthu za Iraqi Republican Guard.
