mafuta a graphite. Zopadera
Kapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Mpaka pano, kapangidwe ka mafuta a graphite sikutengera malamulo okhwima. Ngakhale GOST 3333-80, yomwe inalowa m'malo mwa GOST 3333-55 yachikale, sichimatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa zigawo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafuta a graphite. Muyezo umangowonetsa mawonekedwe amtundu wa graphite grease "USsA" ndi zinthu zochepa zofunika.
Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opanga, akuyesa zojambulazo ndipo, chifukwa chake, zinthu zomaliza za mankhwalawa. Masiku ano, zigawo zikuluzikulu ziwiri zamafuta a graphite ndi zinthu ziwiri: mchere wokhuthala (kawirikawiri umachokera ku petroleum) ndi graphite wopangidwa bwino. Sopo wa calcium kapena lithiamu, kuthamanga kwambiri, antifriction, kubalalitsidwa kwa madzi ndi zina zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zowonjezera.
Nthawi zina ufa wamkuwa umawonjezeredwa ku graphite. Kenako mafutawo amatchedwa copper-graphite. Kukula kwamafuta a copper-graphite kukusunthira kuchitetezo chanthawi yayitali cha malo olumikizana ndi dzimbiri ndi kusamuka kochepa. Mwachitsanzo, mafuta oterowo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polumikizira ulusi ndi maupangiri osiyanasiyana.
Makhalidwe a mafuta a graphite, kutengera kapangidwe kake, amasiyana kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kutentha kochepa komwe mafutawo samataya katundu wake amasiyana kuchokera -20 mpaka -50 ° C. Kuchuluka: kuchokera ku +60 (kwa mafuta osavuta a Ussa) mpaka +450 (pa "ma graphite" amakono apamwamba).
Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika kwambiri zamafuta a graphite ndi kutsika kwamphamvu kwamphamvu. Izi zimatheka chifukwa cha graphite, mbale ndi makhiristo omwe pamlingo wa mamolekyu amayenda bwino pachibale wina ndi mnzake komanso pamalo ena, mosasamala kanthu za mawonekedwe awa. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuuma kwa makhiristo a graphite, mafutawa savomerezedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'magulu olimbana ndi kupanga molondola komanso mipata yaying'ono pakati pa magawo olumikizana. Mwachitsanzo, zatsimikiziridwa kuti kuika "graphite" m'malo mwa mafuta ena oyenera (solidol, lithol, etc.) mu mayendedwe ogudubuza kunachepetsa moyo wawo wautumiki.
Graphite amatsimikiziranso katundu conductive wa lubricant. Choncho, mafuta a graphite amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza magetsi kuti asawonongeke komanso kuwonjezeka kwamoto.
Kodi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chiyani?
Kuchuluka kwa mafuta a graphite nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwakukulu. Graphite yadziwonetsera bwino pawiri yotseguka, momwe liwiro la kayendedwe ka zigawo ndi kakang'ono. Sichimatsuka ndi madzi kwa nthawi yayitali, sichiuma ndipo sichimanyozeka chifukwa cha zinthu zina zoipa zakunja.
M'magalimoto wamba ndi magalimoto, mafuta a graphite amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri:
- kugwirizana ulusi - kukana dzimbiri ndi kukakamira ulusi;
- mayendedwe a mpira a mawilo owongolera - monga mafuta opangira mafuta amawapopera m'thupi la mayendedwe ndikuyikanso pansi pa anthers;
- zolumikizira ndodo ndi nsonga - ntchito mofanana ndi mayendedwe mpira;
- kugwirizana kwa spline - ma spline akunja ndi amkati amathiridwa mafuta kuti achepetse kuvala pakuyenda kwawo;
- akasupe - akasupe okha ndi anti-creak substrates ndi mafuta;
- okhudza - monga lamulo, awa ndi malo a batri, waya woipa kuchokera ku batri kupita ku thupi ndi waya wabwino kuchokera ku batri kupita ku chiyambi;
- monga anti-creak wosanjikiza polumikizana ndi pulasitiki ndi zitsulo.
Ngakhale kuti lero msika umapereka mafuta ambiri apamwamba komanso osinthika, graphite ikufunikabe pakati pa oyendetsa galimoto. Ndi bwino bwino pakati pa mtengo ndi mbali. Mtengo wapakati wa magalamu 100 amafuta a graphite umasinthasintha pafupifupi ma ruble 20-30, omwe ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa nyimbo zamakono zopangira mafuta okhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino. Ndipo pamene chitetezo chapamwamba sichifunikira, kugwiritsa ntchito graphite kudzakhala njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera.
