- Audi
- Chery
- Chevrolet
- Citroen
- Daewoo
- Fiat
- Ford
- Geely
- Honda
- Hyundai
- Kia
- Lifan
- Mazda
- Mercedes
- Mitsubishi
- Nissan
- Opel
- Peugeot
- Renault
- Skoda
- Subaru
- Suzuki
- Toyota
- Volvo
- VW
- Vaz
Chifukwa chiyani valavu imapindika pamene nthawi yathyoka?
Makina a valavu amagwira ntchito motere: pakadali pano pisitoniyo yafika pamwamba pomwe mavavu onse m'chipinda choyaka moto atsekedwa - mpweya wina umapangidwa. Lamba wosweka zimatsogolera ku mfundo yakuti valavu alibe nthawi yotseka mu nthawi isanafike pisitoni. kotero, msonkhano wawo umawonekera - kugundana, komwe kumatsogolera ku mfundo yakuti valavu imapindika. M'mbuyomu, pofuna kupewa vutoli, ma valve apadera adapangidwa pa ma ICE akale. Pam'badwo watsopano wa injini zoyatsira mkati, zotsalira zofananira zimapezekanso, koma zimangopeŵa kusinthika kwa mavavu pakugwira ntchito kwa injini yoyaka mkati ndipo pakathyoka lamba, samapulumutsa.
Kuchokera pakuwona kwakuthupi, kuyambira pomwe lamba wanthawiyo akusweka, ma camshafts amasiya nthawi yomweyo, pansi pakuchita akasupe obwerera omwe amachepetsa makamera ake. Panthawiyi, crankshaft ikupitirizabe kuyenda mozungulira (mosasamala kanthu kuti zidazo zinali zotani kapena ayi, zosinthazo zinali zotsika kapena zapamwamba, flywheel ikupitirizabe kutembenuza). Ndiko kuti, ma pistoni akupitiriza kugwira ntchito, ndipo chifukwa chake, amagunda ma valve omwe amatseguka panthawiyo. Zosowa, koma zimachitika pamene ma valve amawononga pisitoni yokha.
Zomwe zimayambitsa lamba wanthawi yosweka
- kuvala lamba motere kapena kusakhala bwino kwake (magiya a shaft amakhala ndi m'mphepete lakuthwa kapena kulowetsa mafuta kuchokera ku zisindikizo zamafuta).
- mapiko a crankshaft.
- pump wedges (chochitika chofala kwambiri).
- angapo kapena camshaft wedges (mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mmodzi wa iwo - komabe, apa zotsatira zake ndi zosiyana pang'ono).
- cholumikizira chomangika sichimasulidwa kapena odzigudubuza amapindika (lamba amamasula kapena kumangitsa).
Ma injini amakono, popeza ali amphamvu kwambiri kuposa omwe adawatsogolera, amakhala ndi moyo wocheperako. Ngati tilingalira chifukwa chake, kudalira ma valve, vutoli likuwoneka chifukwa cha mtunda waung'ono pakati pawo ndi pisitoni. Ndiko kuti, ngati pisitoni ikafika, valavu yatsekedwa, ndiye imapindika nthawi yomweyo. Popeza kuti psinjika kwambiri ndi psinjika pansi pa pisitoni palibe poyambira pansi pa valavu ya kuya chofunika.
Ndi ma ICE ati pomwe valavu imapindirira?
Pamakina okhala ndi 8-valve ICE, amapindika pang'ono, koma ma cell 16 ndi 20, kaya ndi petulo kapena dizilo, kupindika kumachitika nthawi zambiri. Zowona, nthawi zina zimatha kukhala mavavu amodzi kapena angapo, ndipo ngati injini yoyaka mkati imagwira ntchito mopanda pake, ndiye kuti vuto limatha. Koma milandu yotereyi ndi yochepa, makamaka, zotsatira zake sizingasinthe. Gome lomwe lili ndi mndandanda wa ma ICE pomwe mavavu amagalimoto onse otchuka amapindika pomwe lamba wanthawi yake wathyoka.
Toyota
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa | Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| 1С | kupondereza | Camry V10 2.2GL | sagwada |
| 2С | kupondereza | 3 vz | sagwada |
| 2E | kupondereza | 1S | sagwada |
| 3S-GE | kupondereza | 2S | sagwada |
| 3S GTE | kupondereza | 3S-FE | sagwada |
| Chithunzi cha 3S-FSE | kupondereza | 4S-FE | sagwada |
| 4A-GE | kuponderezana (sikugwada popanda ntchito) | 5S-FE | sagwada |
| 1G-FE VVT-i | kupondereza | 4A-FHE | sagwada |
| Misewu ya G-FE | kupondereza | 1G-EU | sagwada |
| Mtengo wa 1JZ-FSE | kupondereza | 3A | sagwada |
| Mtengo wa 2JZ-FSE | kupondereza | 1JZ-GE | sagwada |
| 1MZ-FE VVT-i | kupondereza | 2JZ-GE | sagwada |
| 2MZ-FE VVT-i | kupondereza | 5A-FE | sagwada |
| 3MZ-FE VVT-i | kupondereza | 4A-FE | sagwada |
| 1 VZ-FE | kupondereza | 4A-FE LB | sichipinda (kuwotcha) |
| 2 VZ-FE | kupondereza | 7A-FE |
| 3 VZ-FE | kupondereza | 7A-FE LB | sichipinda (kuwotcha) |
| 4 VZ-FE | kupondereza | 4E-FE | sagwada |
| 5 VZ-FE | kupondereza | 4E-FTE | sagwada |
| Mtengo wa 1SZ-FE | kupondereza | 5E-FE | sagwada |
| Mtengo wa 2SZ-FE | kupondereza | 5E-FHE | sagwada |
| 1G-FE | sagwada |
| 1G-GZE | sagwada |
| 1JZ-GE | sigwada (pakuchita ndizotheka) |
| 1JZ-GTE | sagwada |
| 2JZ-GE | sigwada (pakuchita ndizotheka) |
| 2JZ-GTE | sagwada |
| 1MZ-FE mtundu'95 | sagwada |
| 3VZ-E | sagwada |
Suzuki
| Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| G16A (1.6l 8 vavu) | sagwada |
| G16B (1.6 l 16 kl.) | sagwada |
DAEWOO
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa | Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| Ntchito 1.5 | kupondereza | Lanos, Sens 1.3 | sagwada |
| Ntchito 1.6 | kupondereza | Nexia 1.6. 16 Uzbek. | sagwada |
| Zotsatira 0.8 | kuponderezedwa komanso chitsogozo chosinthira | Nexia 1.5. 8 (Euro-2 G15MF auto mpaka 2008) | sagwada |
| Nexia A15SMS (Euro-3, pambuyo pa 2008) | kupondereza |
| Nubira 1,6l. DOHC | kupondereza |
CHEVROLET
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa |
| Aveo 1.4 F14S3, ma cell 8 | kupondereza |
| Aveo 1.4 F14D3 16kl. | kupondereza |
| Awo 1.6 | kupondereza |
| Aveo 1.4 F14S3 | kupondereza |
| Lacetti 1,6L. ndi 1,4l. | kupondereza |
| Captiva LT 2,4 л. | kupondereza |
MNTHU
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa |
| Citroen Xantia (Citroen Xantia) XU10J4R 2.0 16kl | kupondereza |
| Citroen ZX 1.9 ndi 2.0 (dizilo) | kupondereza |
| Citroen C5 2.0 136 .с. | kupondereza |
| Citroen C4 1.6i 16V | kupondereza |
| Citroen jumper 2.8 НDI | kupondereza |
| Citroen Berlingo 1.4 ndi 1.6 | kupondereza |
| Citroen Xsara 1.4 TU3JP | kupondereza |
HYUNDAI
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa |
| Gez 1.3 12kl | kupondereza |
| Gez 1.4 16kl | kupondereza |
| Mawu SOHC 1.5 12V ndi DOHC 1.5 16v | kupondereza |
| H200, D4BF | kupondereza |
| Elantra, G4FC | kupondereza |
| Sonata, 2.4l | kupondereza |
VAZ
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa | Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| 2111 1.5 16cl. | kupondereza | 2111 1.5 8cl. | sagwada |
| 2103 | kupondereza | 21083 1.5 | sagwada |
| 2106 | kupondereza | 21093, 2111, 1.5 | sagwada |
| 21091 1.1 | kupondereza | 21124, 1.6 | sagwada |
| 20124 1.5 16v | kupondereza | 2113, 2005 1.5 mawu, 8 cl. | sagwada |
| 2112, 16 mavavu, 1.5 | kuponderezana (ndi ma pistoni a stock) | 11183 1.6 l 8 cl. "Standard" (Lada Granta) | sagwada |
| 21126, 1.6 | kupondereza | 2114 1.5, 1.6 8 maselo | sagwada |
| 21128, 1.8 | kupondereza | 21124 1.6 16 cl. | sagwada |
| Lada Kalina Sport 1.6 72kW | kupondereza |
| 21116 16 maselo. "Norma" (Lada Granta) | kupondereza |
| 2114 1.3 8 maselo ndi 1.5 16 maselo | kupondereza |
| Lada Largus K7M 710 1,6l. 8cl ndi. ndi K4M 697 1.6 16 cl. | kupondereza |
| Miyezo 1,7l. | kupondereza |
RENAULT
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa |
| Logan, Clio, Clio 2, Laguna 1, Megane Classic, Kangoo, Symbol | kuponderezedwa (nthawi zambiri) |
| K7J 1.4 8cl | kupondereza |
| K4J 1.4 16 cl. | kupondereza |
| F8Q 622 1.9D | kupondereza |
| 1.6 16V K4M | kupondereza |
| 2.0 F3R | kupondereza |
| 1.4 RXE ndi injini zonse reno onse 8 ndi 16 maselo. | kupondereza |
| Master g9u720 2,8 (diz.) | kupondereza |
Volvo
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa |
| S40 1.6 (lamba) | kupondereza |
| 740 2.4D | kuponderezana (kuphwanya camshaft ndi pushers) |
Kia
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa | Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| Kujambula 1.6 | kupondereza | D4EA | sagwada |
| Rio A3E 1343cm3 8cl. A5D 1,4 l., 1,5 l. 1.6cl ku. | kupondereza |
| Magentis(Majestic) G4JP 2l. | kupondereza |
| Serato, Spectra 1.6 16v | kupondereza |
| Mbewu (Sid) 1.4 16kl. | kupondereza |
Fiat
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa |
| Brava 1600 cm3 16 cl. | kupondereza |
| Tipo ndi Tempra 1.4, 8 mavavu. ndi 1.6l | kuponderezedwa (nthawi zambiri samapindika) |
| Tipo ndi Tempra 1.7 dizilo | kupondereza |
| Duchy 8140 | kuponderezana (breaks rocker) |
| Ducato F1A | kupondereza |
Mercedes
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa |
| 271 injini | kupondereza |
| W123 615,616 (mafuta, dizilo) | kupondereza |
Peugeot
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa | Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| 307 TU5JP4 1.6 | kupondereza | 607 2.2 HD 133 hp | sichipondereza (koma chimathyola rocker, galimoto imayimilira popanda phokoso) |
| 206 TU3 1.4 | kupondereza | Boxer 4HV, 4HY | sichipondereza (koma chimaswa wogwedeza) |
| 405 1,9 l. benz | kupondereza |
| Mtengo wa 407 PSA6FZ 1,8L | kupondereza |
Honda
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa | Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| Chigwirizano | kupondereza | Chithunzi cha В15Z6 | sagwada |
| D15B | kupondereza |
Ford
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa | Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| mphamvu 1.8 l | kupondereza | mphamvu 2.0 l | sagwada |
| Kuyikira Kwambiri II 1.6L. 16v ndi | kupondereza | Sierra 2.0 CL OHC 8 cl. | sagwada |
| Mondeo 1.8 GLX 16 cl. | kuponderezana + hydraulic lifters jams |
Geely
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa | Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| Geely Emgrand EC7 1.5 JL4G15 1.8 JL4G18 CVVT | kupondereza | Geely CK/MK 1.5 5A-FE | sagwada |
| Geely MK 1.6 4A-FE | sagwada |
| Geely FC 1.8 7A-FE | sagwada |
| Geely LC 1.3 8A-FE | sagwada |
Mitsubishi
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa | Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| 6g73 2.5 GDI | kuponderezana (sikupondereza pa liwiro lotsika) | Pajero 2 3.0 l 12 maselo | sagwada |
| 4G18, 16 mavavu, 1600cm2 | kupondereza |
| Airtrek 4G63 2.0L Turbo | kupondereza |
| Charisma 1.6 | kupondereza |
Nissan
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa | Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| Nissan Cefiro A32 VQ20DE | kupondereza | RB VG VE CA | sagwada |
| Nissan Primera 2.0D 8 kl. | kupondereza |
| Nissan Skyline RB25DET NEO | kuponderezana, ndipo RB20E imaphwanya rocker |
| Nissan Sunny QG18DD NEO | kupondereza |
VAG (Audi, VW, Skoda)
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa | Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| ADP1.6 | kupondereza | 1,8RP | sagwada |
| Polo 2005 1.4 | kupondereza | 1,8 AM | sagwada |
| Conveyor T4 ABL 1.9 l | kupondereza | 1,8 PF | sagwada |
| GOLF 4 1.4/16V AHW | kupondereza | 1,6 EZ | sagwada |
| ZABWINO 1.8 л. 20 V | kupondereza | 2,0 2E | sagwada |
| Passat B6 BVY 2,0FSI | kuponderezana + kuswa malangizo a valve | 1,8PL | sagwada |
| 1,4 VSA | kupondereza | 1,8 AGU | sagwada |
| 1,4, XNUMX BUD | kupondereza | 1,8 EV | sagwada |
| 2,8 AAA pa | kupondereza | 1,8 ABS | sagwada |
| 2,0 9a | kupondereza | 2,0JS | sagwada |
| 1,9 1z | kupondereza |
| KR1,8 | kupondereza |
| 1,4 BBZ | kupondereza |
| 1,4 USA | kupondereza |
| 1,4 VSA | kupondereza |
| 1,3 MN | kupondereza |
| 1,3 HP | kupondereza |
| 1,4 AKQ | kupondereza |
| 1,6 ABU | kupondereza |
| 1,3 NZ | kupondereza |
| 1,6 BFQ | kupondereza |
| 1,6 CS | kupondereza |
| 1,6 AEE | kupondereza |
| 1,6 AKL | kupondereza |
| 1,6 AFT | kupondereza |
| 1.8 AWT | kupondereza |
| 2,0 BPY | kupondereza |
Opel
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa | Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| Chithunzi cha X14NV | kupondereza | 13S | sagwada |
| X14NZ | kupondereza | 13N/NB | sagwada |
| C14NZ | kupondereza | Zamgululi | sagwada |
| X14XE | kupondereza | C16NZ | sagwada |
| Zithunzi za X14SZ | kupondereza | Mtengo wa 16SV | sagwada |
| Chithunzi cha C14SE | kupondereza | Zithunzi za X16SZ | sagwada |
| X16NE | kupondereza | Chithunzi cha X16SZR | sagwada |
| X16XE | kupondereza | 18E | sagwada |
| X16XEL | kupondereza | C18NZ | sagwada |
| Chithunzi cha C16SE | kupondereza | 18 SEH | sagwada |
| Z16XER | kupondereza | 20 SEH | sagwada |
| C18XE | kupondereza | C20 NO | sagwada |
| C18 XEL | kupondereza | X20 SE | sagwada |
| C18XER | kupondereza | Kadeti 1,3 1,6 1,8 2,0 l. 8cl ndi. | sagwada |
| C20XE | kupondereza | 1.6 ngati 8 maselo. | sagwada |
| Chithunzi cha C20LET | kupondereza |
| Chithunzi cha X20XEV | kupondereza |
| Z20LEL | kupondereza |
| Zithunzi za Z20LER | kupondereza |
| Z20LEH | kupondereza |
| X22XE | kupondereza |
| C25XE | kupondereza |
| X25X | kupondereza |
| Y26SE | kupondereza |
| X30XE | kupondereza |
| Y32SE | kupondereza |
| Corsa 1.2v | kupondereza |
| Kadeti 1,4 l | kupondereza |
| onse 1.4, 1.6 16V | kupondereza |
Lifan
| Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| Mtengo wa LF479Q3 1,3L. | sagwada |
| Zotsatira za 1,6l. | sagwada |
| 4A-FE 1,6л. | sagwada |
| 5A-FE 1,5л. ndi 1,8l. 7A-FE | sagwada |
Chery
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa |
| Tiggo 1,8л., 2,4л. 4g64 pa | kupondereza |
| Amulet SQR480ED | kuponderezana + kuthyoledwa kwa manja a rocker |
| A13 1.5 | kupondereza |
Mazda
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa | Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| E 2200 2,5l. dis. | kupondereza | 323f 1,5 malita. Z5 | sagwada |
| 626 GD FE3N 16V | kupondereza | Xedos 6, 2,0л., V6 | sagwada |
| MZD Capella (Mazda Capella) FE-ZE | sagwada |
| F2 | sagwada |
| FS | sagwada |
| FP | sagwada |
| KL | sagwada |
| KJ | sagwada |
| ZL | sagwada |
Subaru
| Injini yoyaka moto | Kuponderezedwa | Injini yoyaka moto | Sipindika |
| EJ25D DOHC ndi EJ251 | kupondereza | EJ253 2.5 SOCH | sichikupondereza (pokhapokha ngati idling) |
| EJ204 | kupondereza | EJ20GN | sagwada |
| EJ20G | kupondereza | EJ20 (201) DOHC | sagwada |
| EJ20 (202) SOHC | kupondereza |
| Chithunzi cha EJ18SO | kupondereza |
| EJ15 | kupondereza |
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati valavu ikugwada?
Kuyang'ana injini yoyaka mkati ngati mavavu akupindika pakadutsa nthawi yopuma
Pankhani iyi, kuyang'ana kowoneka kapena manambala omwe amaperekedwa patebulo la "valve bend" sikungakuthandizeni. Ngakhale mutakhala ndi chidziwitso m'manja mwanu kuchokera kwa wopanga za kuwonongeka pakagwa lamba wosweka, sizikudziwika kuti ndi lodalirika bwanji.
Ngati mukufuna kuyang'ana kuthekera kwa kupindika mavavu ndi pisitoni pamene lamba wa nthawi akusweka, muyenera kuchotsa lamba, ikani pisitoni yoyamba pa TDC, kutembenuza camshaft 720 madigiri.
Ngati zonse zidayenda bwino ndipo sanapume, mutha kupitiliza kuyang'ana - kupita ku pistoni yachiwiri. Pamene chirichonse chiri bwino kumeneko, ndiye zotheka wosweka lamba sizingabweretse zotsatira zoipa kwa injini kuyaka mkati galimoto yanu.
Kuti mupewe vutoli (kupindika kwa ma valve pakadutsa nthawi yopuma), muyenera kuwunika nthawi zonse momwe lamba wanthawiyo alili komanso kugwedezeka kwake. Pamene phokoso losadziwika bwino likuwonekera panthawi yogwira ntchito, muyenera kuyesa mwamsanga kuti mudziwe chifukwa chake, fufuzani momwe ma rollers ndi mpope alili.
Pogula galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito, sinthani lamba wanthawi yomweyo, ziribe kanthu zomwe wogulitsa angakuuzeni. Ndiyeno funso lofunika kwambiri ngati valavu imapindika ikasweka Simudzasokonezedwa.
Zizindikiro za ma valve opindika
Pamene lamba anathyoka, ndiye kungosintha lamba nthawi, kuyembekezera kuti chirichonse chinapita popanda zotsatira ndi kuyamba injini, si koyenera. Makamaka ngati injini yoyaka yamkati ili pamndandanda wa omwe ma valve amapindika. Inde, pali nthawi zina pamene kupindika sikunali kwakukulu ndipo mavavu angapo sakukwanira bwino pa chishalo, ndiye kuti mukhoza kutembenuza choyambira, koma nthawi zambiri zochita zoterezi zidzakulitsanso vutoli. Popeza ndi zowonongeka zazing'ono zonse zidzagwira ntchito ndikuzungulira, komabe, injini yoyaka mkati idzagwedezeka, ndipo zotsatira zake zidzangowonjezereka.
Ndibwino kuti muchotse "mutu" kuti muwone izi kapena kudzaza palafini, komabe, pali njira zingapo zowonera ngati valavu ikugwedezeka popanda kusokoneza injini yoyaka moto.
Chizindikiro chachikulu ngati ma valve akupindika - ang'onoang'ono kapena kwathunthu palibe psinjika. Choncho, muyenera kuyeza psinjika mu masilindala. Koma, zochita zoterezi ndizofunikira ngati crankshaft ikhoza kutembenuzidwa ndipo palibe chomwe chimapumira paliponse. Chifukwa chake chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikuyika lamba watsopano, pamanja, ndi bawuti pa HF, pukutani njira yonse yogawa gasi kangapo (muyenera kumasula makandulo nthawi yomweyo).
Momwe mungayang'anire ngati valavu yapindika
kuti muwone ngati tsinde la valavu lapindika, kutembenuka kasanu kwenikweni kwa makiyi pa bawuti ya crankshaft kukwanira. Ngati ndodozo zili bwino, ndiye kuti kuzungulira kudzakhala kwaulere, kopindika - kolemetsa. Komanso payenera kukhala mfundo zomveka 4 (pa kusintha kumodzi) kukana kuyenda kwa pistoni. Ngati kukana kotereku sikukuwoneka, ndiye kuti mutseke makandulo kumbuyo, tsegulani imodzi ndi imodzi ndikutembenuzanso crankshaft.
Ndi mphamvu ya torsion pamanja, ndi imodzi mwa makandulo akusowa, ndizosavuta kumvetsetsa momwe ma valve (ma) amapindika. Komabe, njirayi sichitha kukuthandizani nthawi zonse kudziwa ngati valavu yapindika kapena ayi.
Ngati crankshaft imatembenuka momasuka, mutha fufuzani ndi compression gauge. Kodi kulibe chida choterocho? Njira kuchita pneumotest, Komanso, kuyang'ana kulimba kwa ma cylinders ndiyo njira yolondola kwambiri, yomwe idzapereke yankho la momwe mbale za valve zimayendera muzitsulo, popanda zotsatira zowonjezera pamene mukupukuta ndi choyambitsa komanso popanda kukhazikitsa lamba watsopano.
Momwe mungayang'anire ngati valavu yokha yapindika?
Kwa pneumotest, simuyenera kukoka galimoto ku siteshoni ya utumiki, inu nokha mukhoza kudziwa ngati silinda ndi yothina kapena ayi. Chosavuta:
- kunyamula chidutswa cha payipi malinga ndi m'mimba mwake wa kandulo bwino;
- masulani kandulo;
- ikani pisitoni ya silinda pamwamba pakufa (mavavu otsekedwa) imodzi ndi imodzi;
- lowetsani payipi mwamphamvu m'chitsime;
- mumayesetsa ndi mphamvu zanu zonse kuwomba m'chipinda choyaka (mpweya umadutsa - wopindika, sudutsa - "kusesedwa").
Mayeso omwewo amatha kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kompresa (ngakhale makina amodzi). Zowona, mudzafunikira kuthera nthawi yochulukirapo, monga momwe mukufunikira kukonzekera. Boolani maelekitirodi apakati mu kandulo yakale, ndikuyika payipi pansonga ya ceramic (kukonza bwino ndi chomangira). Kenako kupopera mphamvu mu silinda (ngati pisitoni mmenemo ndi TDC).
Mwa kulira ndi kukakamiza pa kupima kuthamanga, zidzadziwikiratu ngati zipewa za valve zikukhala muzitsulo kapena ayi. Komanso, malingana ndi kumene mpweya ukupita, dziwani polowera kapena polowera. Utsiwo ukapindika, mpweya umalowa mu utsi wambiri (muffler). Ngati mavavu amalowetsedwa apindika, ndiye kuti mumalowa munjira.
