Hydrodistributor MTZ 82

Pamodzi ndi makina oyendetsa makina? Trakitala ya MTZ-82(80) ili ndi zida zomwe zimalola kuti mphamvu ya thirakitala isamutsidwe chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwamafuta. Kugawa, komanso kuwongolera mafuta oyenda pansi pamavuto, kumachitika ndi gawo lapadera la thirakitala hydraulic system - hydraulic distributor.

Ma hydraulic distributor MTZ 82 amapereka kuphatikizika kosavuta komanso kugawa kwamphamvu kwamadzimadzi ogwira ntchito kumagulu onse amagetsi amagetsi amagetsi (ma hydraulic silinda, ma hydraulic motors) ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi thirakitala. Mothandizidwa ndi synchronizer, gawoli limapereka kuwongolera munthawi yomweyo ma drive atatu a hydraulic.

Mapangidwe a Distributor

Chida cha Hydrodistributing MTZ 82(80) - R75-33R (GOST 8754-71)

• P - wogulitsa
• 75 - unit mphamvu malita pa mphindi
• lembani 3 reel, mapangidwe ake omwe salola kukonza mu "malo otsika".
• 3 - kuchuluka kwa ma spools pazithunzi za waya
• Q: Chigawochi chapangidwa kuti chizigwira ntchito ndi chowongolera mphamvu

Mapangidwewa amapangidwa m'nyumba yosiyana yachitsulo yokhala ndi ma spools atatu oyimirira ndi njira yolowera valavu. Pamwamba ndi pansi pake pamakhala zophimba zolimba za aluminiyamu. Ndege zolumikizira zophimba ndi thupi zimasindikizidwa ndi ma gaskets ndikumangika ndi zomangira.

Hydrodistributor MTZ 80(82) R75-33R

Wogawayo ali ndi mizere itatu yogwiritsira ntchito madzi ogwirira ntchito, omwe ali perpendicular kwa kusintha kwa malo a spools; kutulutsa mzere "B" - kulumikiza mphanga za mavavu olambalala ndi spools, kukhetsa mzere "C" - zikugwirizana kutseguka kwa spools, mzere wolamulira wa valavu yolambalala "G" amadutsa nyumba yogawa ndi mabowo mu spools, Chitolirocho chimalumikizidwa ndi valavu yodutsa 14 Pistoni ya valavu yodutsa ili ndi jet throttle jet 13 kuti ipangitse kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono munjira yotulutsa ndi ma cavities pansi pa pisitoni, zomwe zimatsimikizira kutsegulidwa kwake m'malo osalowerera ndale.

Ma coils amatchinga ndikutsegula mizere yogwirira ntchito yokhala ndi mipata yopumira. Kuwongolera kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito ma levers, omwe ali pachivundikiro chapansi cha wogawa. Zitsulo zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi spools kupyolera muzitsulo zozungulira 9 ndi pulasitiki zoyikapo 10 ndi mphete yosindikizira 8. Kuchokera kunja, hinge imatsekedwa ndi bushing la rabara 6. Mapiritsi atatu amakulolani kuti muzitha kuyang'anira nthawi imodzi ntchito ya ma hydraulic actuators atatu.

Momwe ntchito

Ng'oma iliyonse, kutengera malo ake, imagwira ntchito m'njira zinayi:

• "Ndale": Pakatikati pakati pa malo "pamwamba" ndi pansi "pansi". Valavu yodutsa ndi yotseguka ndikutulutsa madzi ogwirira ntchito kukhetsa. Ma spools amaletsa njira zonse, kukonza malo omwe adakhazikitsidwa kale a hydraulic actuators.
• "Nyamuka": malo oyamba apamwamba pambuyo pa "ndale". Valavu yodutsa imatseka chibowo chokhetsa. Spool imadutsa mafuta kuchokera panjira yothamangitsira kupita ku mzere wokweza silinda.
• "Kutsika mokakamizidwa" - malo otsika kwambiri asanafike kumapeto kwa "kuyandama". Valavu yodutsa imatseka chibowo chokhetsa. Spool imadutsa mafuta kuchokera panjira yotulutsa kupita ku mzere wobwerera wa silinda ya hydraulic.
• "Kuyandama" - malo otsika kwambiri a lever. Valavu yodutsa imatseguka ndikutulutsa madzi ogwirira ntchito kuchokera pampopi kupita ku drain. Silinda ya hydraulic ili pamalo aulere ndipo imakhudzidwa ndi zochitika zakunja komanso mphamvu yokoka ya makinawo. Choncho, zimathandiza kuti makina ogwira ntchito azitsatira malo omwe amalima panthawi yolima ndikusunga kuya kwake.

Spool retainer ntchito

Ma spools ali ndi valavu ya masika 3 kuti abwererenso kumalo osalowerera ndale ndi zotsekera mpira zomwe zimawasunga pamalo osankhidwa. Valavu yoyang'ana yokhayo imayendetsedwa pamene kupanikizika kwa dongosolo kumadutsa 12,5-13,5 MPa. Kupsyinjika kwakukulu kumachitika pamene silinda ya hydraulic ifika kumapeto kwa malo oyenerera kukweza ndi kutsitsa, komanso pamene dongosolo ladzaza.

Wogawira ma hydraulic ali ndi chipangizo chothandizira kuthamanga kwadzidzidzi 20. Valavu yotetezera imasinthidwa kuti ithetse kupanikizika pa 14,5 mpaka 16 MPa. Kusintha kumapangidwa ndi screw 18, yomwe imasintha mlingo wa kuponderezedwa kwa kasupe wa valve ya mpira 17. Chipangizocho chimayambitsidwa pamene makina amalephera - spool ya makina ndi chipangizo chodutsa chimalephera.

Kuwonongeka kofala kwa ogawa a MTZ

Kuphatikizika sikukweza

Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha zinyalala zomwe zimalowa mu hydraulic system pansi pa valve bypass. Pankhaniyi, valavu yolambalala sichitseka - madzi ogwirira ntchito amalowa mumtsinje wakuda. Wogulitsa sachitapo kanthu posintha malo a reels. Kuchotsa: masulani mabawuti awiri pa chivundikiro cha valve yolambalala, chotsani kasupe ndi valavu ndikuchotsa zinyalala.

Pakakhala kulibe kapena kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa ma thirakitala ma hydraulics, limodzi ndi kutenthedwa kwamafuta m'dongosolo, kuwoneka kwa phokoso loyimba mu "lift" lever lever kukuwonetsa kutsika kwamafuta ndi kutayikira kwa mpweya. dongosolo.

Chomata sichimatsekeka pamalo okwera

Chifukwa chake ndi kupsinjika kwa ma hoses othamanga kwambiri a hydraulic hoses ndi ma hydraulic couplings, kuvala kwa compression chisindikizo cha pistoni kapena ndodo yamphamvu ya hydraulic cylinder, kuvala kwa ma spools okwera, mawonekedwe a zipolopolo pa valve yodutsa yomwe imalepheretsa valavu. kuchokera kutseka mwamphamvu.

Sichitsitsa, sichikweza ma attachments

Chifukwa chake ndikuti kutsekeka kwa mizere yogawa ntchito kumatchinga njira yamafuta. Kusintha kwa mafuta sikutheka. Chotsani: phatikizani ndikutsuka, ndikuyeretsani mizere, komanso kuzindikira momwe mavavu amagwirira ntchito.

Kuphatikizika kumagwa kwambiri

Izi zikuwonetsa kutsika kwakuthwa kwamphamvu mu dongosolo; ngati kupasuka kwa mapaipi amafuta ndi kutsika kwamadzimadzi ogwira ntchito, mpweya wabwino wadongosolo. Chotsani: sinthani mapaipi owonongeka, yang'anani kulimba kwa kulumikizana kwadongosolo, onjezerani mafuta pamlingo wofunikira.

Automatic neutralization sigwira ntchito ngati silinda ya hydraulic yakwezedwa kapena kutsitsa

Chifukwa chake ndikusokonekera kwa valavu ya mpira "spool position lock kudzitsekera". Chotsani; phatikizani, m'malo mwa ma valve owonongeka ndi zisindikizo.

diagnostics

Wogawayo amawunikiridwa atayang'ana momwe sheh hydraulic pump ya dongosololi imayendera pa liwiro la injini, ndikuyika kuchuluka kwa madzi ogwirira ntchito omwe amaperekedwa mu malita pamphindi imodzi. Chipangizo cha KI 5473 chimalumikizidwa ndi zomwe zimagwira ntchito m'malo mwa silinda ya hydraulic. Tembenuzani chowongolera chokwera kuti chikhale "lift". Ngati mtengo watsika ndi malita oposa 5 pamphindi, wogulitsa amachoka kuti akonze.

Chipangizo chodziwira matenda a hydrodistributor.

Kugwirizana kwa hydrodistributor

Pa MTZ 82 (80), chipikacho chili pakhoma lakutsogolo mkati mwa kanyumba pansi pa bolodi. Zowongolera zowongolera zimalumikizidwa ndi ma spools kudzera mu axis, ndipo ndodozo zimafotokozedwa kumanja kwa gululo. Mapangidwe a wogawira amalola, posuntha unit kupita kumalo ena kapena kuyiyika pamitundu ina ya mathirakitala, kusintha malo a levers mwa kubwezeretsanso chivundikirocho ndi malo osungiramo zida kumbali ina ya nyumba yogawa. Kuti mulumikizane mosavuta ndi ma hydraulics ndi zida za hydraulic, magawo omalizira a unit amakhala ndi malo owonjezera akutsogolo ndi am'mbali okweza ndi kutsitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, kulumikizana munthawi imodzi ndi malo ogulitsira awiri amalola kuwongolera munthawi yomweyo ma silinda awiri a hydraulic.

Mabowo opangidwa ndi chilembo "P", amalumikiza mapaipi omwe amapangidwira pabowo la hydraulic cylinder, mabowo ena amalumikiza mapaipi omwe amalumikiza patsekeke.

Pakulumikizana kwa hermetic kwa mapaipi, zolumikizira zimasindikizidwa ndi ma washer amkuwa ndi mphete za mphira - zingwe za chingwe. Monga muyeso, spool imodzi yogawa imalumikizidwa ndi silinda yamagetsi yamagetsi yolumikizira kumbuyo kwa thirakitala, ndipo ma spool awiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa zida zakutali zama hydraulic.

Pakalibe magawo atatu ogawa ma hydraulic drive ndi zida zowongolera, wogawa wowonjezera amayikidwa pa thirakitala. Pali njira ziwiri zolumikizirana: kulumikizana kwa serial ndi kulumikizana kofanana.

Pachiyambi choyamba, kupereka kwachiwiri kwa hydraulic distributor kumachitika kuchokera ku gawo limodzi la wogawa wamkulu kulumikiza malo okwera ndi njira yotulutsira wachiwiri. Njira yobwereranso yamadzimadzi yogwirira ntchito, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi spool ya msonkhano waukulu kuti iwonjezere kuperekedwa kwa wogawa, imatsekedwa ndi pulagi. Kukhetsa kwapakati kwa wogawa wachiwiri kumalumikizidwanso ndi tanki ya hydraulic ya dongosolo. Valavu imayendetsedwa ndikuyika spool yolumikizidwa mu "lift" malo. Chifukwa chake, mitsinje isanu yoyendetsedwa ndi ntchito imapezedwa pakuyatsa zida za hydraulic. Choyipa ndi kutayika kwa malo ogwirira ntchito komanso kudalira kwa magwiridwe antchito a wogawa wachiwiri paukadaulo wa node yoyamba.

Kulumikizana kofanana kumapangidwa ndikuyika teyi yanjira zitatu ya hydraulic mumzere wothamanga kwambiri kuchokera pampope. Valve imagawaniza kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amagwira ntchito m'magawo awiri kuti agwirizane ndi magawo awiri ndikukulolani kuti musinthe kayendedwe ka mafuta. Mukasintha kuchokera ku wogawa wina kupita ku wina, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumasinthidwa molingana ndi mpopi. Mapaipi otuluka kuchokera kwa ogawa amalumikizidwa ndi tiyi. Njira yachiwiri yowongolera valavu yodutsa ya wogawa wowonjezerayo imatsekedwa ndi pulagi. Chifukwa chake, dongosololi limalandira njira zisanu ndi imodzi zogwirira ntchito, zitatu zomwe zimagwira ntchito ndi wowongolera mphamvu.

Malingana ndi malo a zida za hydraulic, manifold owonjezera amaikidwa pakhoma lakumbuyo la kabati kapena kutsogolo kwa khoma lamanja m'malo mwawindo loyang'ana pansi. Msonkhanowo umasunthidwa kunja kwa kabati, zotengera zimasunthidwa mkati.

Komanso tisaiwale kuti mtundu wa distribuerar ndi zosintha zake angagwiritsidwe ntchito monga mbali ya kachitidwe hayidiroliki mathirakitala YuMZ-6, DT-75, T-40, T-150 ndi zosintha zawo.

Pazosintha zaposachedwa za MTZ 82 (80), ma analogue amtundu womwe watchulidwa wa msonkhano wa monoblock P80-3 / 4-222 wokhala ndi malamulo amphamvu ndi P80-3 / 1-222 popanda lamulo amayikidwa.

Multi-section distributor ndi joystick.

Mitundu ina ndi mapangidwe a ogawa amasankhidwa akakhala ndi ma thirakitala owonjezera a hydraulic system, poganizira mtundu wa ntchito yomwe yachitika, cholinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ma drive a hydraulic. Chifukwa chake, mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida zama hydraulic okhala ndi ma hydraulic unit ambiri, ogawa magawo ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mapangidwe a reel control amagwiritsa ntchito zingwe za joystick zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wowongolera ma reel awiri nthawi imodzi, ndikuwonjezera zokolola za oyendetsa ndi ma ergonomics akuntchito.

The R-80 hayidiroliki wogawa thalakitala MTZ-80 - chipangizo, cholinga ndi malfunctions zotheka

MTZ 80 - universal wheelchair-crop-crop tractor, yomwe yapangidwa ku Minsk Tractor Plant kuyambira 1974. Kupanga kwa nthawi yayitali kwa makinawa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kapangidwe kabwino komanso kuthekera kokonzanso zida zambiri ndi mathirakitala apadera apadera. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito limodzi kwa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana kumachitika chifukwa cha makina apamwamba kwambiri, odalirika komanso apamwamba kwambiri a hydraulic unit of Agriculture. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri za dongosolo ili ndi R-80 hayidiroliki wogawa thalakitala MTZ 80.

Komanso, mbali MTZ 80 monga:

• kukhalapo kwa gudumu lakumbuyo;
• kuyika kutsogolo kwa gawo lamagetsi;
• chiwerengero chachikulu cha magiya opita patsogolo ndi m'mbuyo (18/4);
• zosavuta kukonza ndi kukonza.

Kapangidwe kabwino ka thirakitala, mawonekedwe ake aukadaulo komanso kusinthasintha zimatsimikizira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa MTZ 80 osati paulimi, komanso kupanga, zomangamanga, nyumba ndi ntchito zamagulu ndi nkhalango.

Cholinga ndi dongosolo lonse la MTZ hydraulic system

Dongosolo la hydraulic la thirakitala limapangidwa kuti lizitha kuwongolera ndikupereka mphamvu ku zida zina zowonjezera, zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi MTZ 80. Zimapangidwa mosiyanasiyana ndipo zimaphatikizanso zinthu zotsatirazi:

• pompa yamagetsi;
• chowongolera mphamvu;
• hydraulic booster;
• masilindala okhala ndi ma control osiyana;
• hydrodistributor MTZ;
• makina opangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi zida;
• kuchotsedwa kwa magetsi;
• mapaipi othamanga kwambiri;
• zowonjezera zowonjezera;
• thanki yamafuta.

Ngakhale kuti pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu hydraulic system, mapangidwe ake, pazaka makumi angapo akugwira ntchito, adatha kuzindikira zofooka zomwe zikugwira ntchito ndipo, chifukwa cha kusintha komwe kunapangidwa, kuzichotsa.

Pakali pano, ntchito ya hydraulic system imasiyanitsidwa ndi kudalirika kwakukulu ndi ntchito yapamwamba, yomwe imalola kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zokwera komanso zowonongeka za thirakitala ya MTZ 80. Chothandizira chofunika kwambiri pa izi chimapangidwa ndi P80 hydraulic distributor , ndi kukonza koyenera ndi kusintha koyenera, pafupifupi sikufuna kukonzedwa.

Kufunika kwa hydraulic distributor pa thirakitara

Distributor R-80 3/1 222G yamtundu wa magawo atatu imagwiritsidwa ntchito munjira zambiri zama hydraulic system ya thirakitala ya Belarus 80 ndipo imagwira ntchito zotsatirazi:

• imateteza dongosolo ku kuchuluka kwa ma hydraulic panthawi yokweza kapena kutsitsa;
• amagawira kutuluka kwa madzimadzi ogwira ntchito omwe amapopedwa ndi pampu ya hydraulic pakati pa node za dongosolo (ma hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic motors, etc.);
• imatulutsa makina osagwira ntchito popanda kutulutsa mafuta osalowerera pamene mafuta amalowa mu thanki yamafuta;
• imagwirizanitsa kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya silinda ya hydraulic ndi kukhetsa kwamadzimadzi amadzimadzi (pamene akugwira ntchito mopanda ndale).

Kuphatikiza apo, P80 3/1 222G hydraulic distributor imagwira ntchito ngati chida choyambirira chomwe zosinthidwa zosiyanasiyana zimapangidwira kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito potsitsa mayunitsi, zofukula ndi zida zomangira misewu.

Makhalidwe aukadaulo ndi magawo a wogawa angapezeke pofotokozera mtundu wa P80, pomwe:

• R - wogawa.
• 80 - madzimadzi opatsirana mwadzina (l / min).
• 3 - mtundu wa kukakamizidwa kwa ma process (zovomerezeka 20 MPa, dzina la 16 MPa).
• 1 - mtundu wa ntchito (kugwiritsa ntchito modziyimira pawokha pamakina opangira ma hydraulic system).
• 222 - ng'oma zitatu zapadera, zopangidwa molingana ndi mtundu wachiwiri.
• G - zisindikizo za hydraulic (onani ma valve).

Mechanism ndi magwiridwe antchito a hydraulic distributor MTZ 80

Chipangizo cha hydraulic distributor chimakhala ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu izi:

• milandu P80 3/1 222G zokhala ndi mavavu ndi ngalande zoperekera madzimadzi kuchokera pa mpope wa zida ndi ngalande zothira mafuta kuchokera ku masilindala;
• ng'oma zitatu zokhala ndi zotsekera ndi njira zobwerera zokha;
• chivundikiro chapamwamba chokhala ndi maupangiri opangira spool;
• valavu yapadera yotetezera.

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito hydraulic distributor imachokera ku mfundo yakuti pamene hydraulic distributor R80 3 / 1 222G imagwirizanitsidwa ndi hydraulic system mkati mwa thupi, ma spools onse ndi valavu amapanga njira zingapo zophatikizira zodutsa madzimadzimadzi. Pali atatu onse.

1. Flushing - kutseka ma spools onse ndi valavu yodutsa.
2. Kukhetsa - ndi njirayi, ma spools okha ndi omwe amalumikizidwa ndipo njira iyi imatsimikizira kutulutsa kwamadzi otsalira.
3. Kuwongolera: Imadutsanso ma spools onse ndi valavu yodutsa, koma imalumikizidwa ndi njira yopopera kuchokera pampopu.

Kuwongolera kwa spools, motero, ndi kutumizidwa kwa mafuta otumizira kumayenda kudzera muzitsulo zofananira kumapereka malo anayi osiyana pamene akugwira ntchito ndi mayunitsi owonjezera ndi zipangizo. Njira zogwirira ntchitozi ndi izi:

• ndale,
• wonjezani,
• nyengo yamvula,
• malo oyandama (kutsitsa matupi ogwira ntchito motengera kulemera kwake).

Chipangizo choterocho chimalola, ngati kuli kofunikira, kukonza padera pamtundu uliwonse wa opaleshoni ndi chiwembu cholumikizira P80.

Zotheka zotheka za hydrodistributor

Zowonongeka kwambiri za R80 3/1 222G hydraulic distributor zomwe zimayikidwa pa thirakitala ya MTZ 80 ndi izi:

• kuvala kwa mawonekedwe mu thupi-spool ya binomial hydraulic valve;
• kuphwanya pisitoni ya hayidiroliki yamphamvu;
• kuwonongeka kwa zida zopopera;
• masitampu a rabara osweka;
• kutayikira kwamadzimadzi a hydraulic kudzera pazolumikizira zolumikizira;
• kuwonongeka kwa mizere ya mafuta.

Mapangidwe ndi makonzedwe a hydraulic distributor amalola woyendetsa makina kuti akonze zolakwika izi ndi manja ake. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zapadera zokonzekera zomwe wopanga amalimbikitsa P80 3/1 222G zithandizira kukonza.

Mapangidwe odalirika ndi otsimikiziridwa a P80 hydraulic distributor amalola kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito bwino pa trakitala yatsopano ya Belarus 920, komanso pa MTZ 3022 multifunctional.

Hydrodistributor Р80-3/1-222

Wogulitsa amafunsira

1. Matrakitala: YuMZ-6, YuMZ-650, YuMZ-652, YuMZ-8080, YuMZ-8280, YuMZ-8070, YuMZ-8270, T-150, KhTZ-153, KhTZ-180, KhTZ-181, MTZ-80, KhTZ-17021, KhTZ-17221, KhTZ-17321, K-710, T-250, T-4, LT-157, MTZ-XA, TB-1, LD-30, LT-157, DM-15, Hydrodistributor MTZ -80, wogulitsa MTZ-82, MTZ-800, MTZ-820, MTZ-900, MTZ-920, DT-75, VT-100, LTZ-55, LT-72, T-40, T-50, T- 60, LTZ-155, T-70, K-703
2. Zofukula: EO-2621
3. Ma charger: PEA-1,0, PG-0,2, K-701
4. Zida zankhalango: TDT-55, LHT-55, LHT-100, TLT-100

Chizindikiro cha P80

Chitsanzo cha kuyika chizindikiro (mikhalidwe yaukadaulo) ya R80-3 / 4-222G hydraulic valve:

• R ndi wogulitsa;
• 80 - kulengeza zokolola, l / min;
• 3 - kuthamanga (dzina - 16 MPa, malire - 20 MPa);
• 4 - kodi kopita;
• 222 - chiwerengero cha kutembenuka ndi mtundu wawo, mu nkhani iyi - matembenuzidwe atatu a mtundu 2;
• G - ndi zisindikizo zamadzi (ngati sizikupezeka - popanda iwo). Zipangizo zokhala ndi komanso zopanda chisindikizo chamadzi zimatha kusinthana.

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito ma valve onse a hydraulic P 80 ndi ofanana, mtengo wamtengo wapatali umadalira mtundu wa mankhwala (musanayambe kugula, onani chizindikiro).