Frigate F125

Chitsanzo cha frigate Baden-Württemberg panyanja panthawi imodzi mwamayesero apanyanja.

Pa June 17 chaka chino, mwambo wokwezera mbendera ya Baden-Württemberg, chitsanzo cha frigate ya F125, unachitika pamalo ankhondo ankhondo ku Wilhelmshaven. Chifukwa chake, gawo lina lofunikira la imodzi mwamapulogalamu odziwika bwino komanso otsutsana a Deutsche Marine latha.

Kutha kwa Cold War kunasiya chizindikiro chake pakusintha kwa zida zankhondo zamayiko ambiri aku Europe, kuphatikiza Deutsche Marine. Kwa pafupifupi theka la zaka, mapangidwewa adangoyang'ana pazochitika zankhondo mogwirizana ndi mayiko ena a NATO okhala ndi zombo zankhondo zamayiko a Warsaw Pact ku Nyanja ya Baltic, ndikugogomezera kwambiri gawo lakumadzulo ndi njira zopita ku Danish Straits, komanso chitetezo cha gombe lake. Kusintha kwakukulu mu Bundeswehr yonse kunayamba kukwera mu May 2003, pamene Bundestag inapereka chikalata chofotokozera mfundo za chitetezo cha Germany pazaka zikubwerazi - Verteidigungspolitische Richtlinien (VPR). Chiphunzitsochi chinakana njira zoyendetsera chitetezo cha m'deralo zomwe zatchulidwa pano kuti zigwirizane ndi ntchito zapadziko lonse lapansi, zapaulendo, zomwe cholinga chake chinali kuthana ndi kuthetsa mavuto omwe akuchitika m'madera oyambitsa matenda padziko lapansi. Pakalipano, Deutsche Marine ili ndi madera atatu akuluakulu ogwira ntchito: Nyanja ya Baltic ndi Mediterranean ndi Indian Ocean (makamaka kumadzulo kwake).

Model F125 yoperekedwa ku Euronaval 2006 ku Paris. Chiwerengero cha tinyanga ta radar chawonjezeka kufika pa zinayi, koma padakali imodzi yokha pa aft superstructure. MONARC ikadali pamphuno.

Kumadzi osadziwika

Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa kufunikira kopeza zombo zomwe zimagwirizana ndi ntchito zomwe zimabwera chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ndale padziko lapansi zidawonekera ku Germany koyambirira kwa 1997, koma ntchitoyo idakula kwambiri ndi kusindikizidwa kwa VPR. Ma frigates a F125, omwe amatchedwanso mtundu wa Baden-Württemberg pambuyo pa dzina la gawo loyamba la mndandanda, amapanga chachiwiri - pambuyo pa anti-ndege F124 (Sachsen) - m'badwo wa zombo za ku Germany za kalasi iyi, zomwe zinapangidwa positi- nthawi yankhondo. Nthawi ya Cold War. Kale pa kafukufukuyu, zinkaganiziridwa kuti adzatha:

• kuchita ntchito za nthawi yayitali kutali ndi maziko, makamaka za kukhazikika ndi chikhalidwe cha apolisi, m'madera omwe ali ndi ndale zosakhazikika;
• sungani ulamuliro m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja;
• kuthandizira ntchito zamagulu ogwirizana, kuwapatsa chithandizo chamoto ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zapadera zomwe zafika;
• kuchita ntchito za malo olamulira monga gawo la mishoni zamayiko ndi mgwirizano;
• kupereka thandizo lothandizira anthu m'madera omwe achitika masoka achilengedwe.

Kuti athane ndi zovuta izi, kwa nthawi yoyamba ku Germany, lingaliro logwiritsa ntchito kwambiri lidakhazikitsidwa panthawi yopanga mapangidwe. Malinga ndi malingaliro oyambilira (omwe sanasinthidwe nthawi yonse yomanga ndi zomangamanga), zombo zatsopano ziyenera kupitiriza kugwira ntchito zawo kwa zaka ziwiri, kukhala panyanja mpaka maola 5000 pachaka. Chotero tima ntchito mayunitsi kutali kukonza zapansi anakakamizika kuonjezera intervals yokonza zigawo zofunika kwambiri, kuphatikizapo galimoto dongosolo, mpaka 68 miyezi. Pankhani ya mayunitsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kale, monga F124 frigates, magawowa ndi miyezi isanu ndi inayi, maola 2500 ndi miyezi 17. Kuphatikiza apo, ma frigate atsopanowo adayenera kusiyanitsidwa ndi makina apamwamba kwambiri ndipo, chifukwa chake, ogwira nawo ntchito adachepetsedwa mpaka pakufunika.

Kuyesera koyamba kupanga frigate yatsopano kunachitika mu theka lachiwiri la 2005. Anasonyeza chombo cha 139,4 mamita kutalika ndi 18,1 mamita m'lifupi, mofanana ndi mayunitsi a F124 akuyandikira kutha. Kuyambira pachiyambi, khalidwe la polojekiti F125 anali awiri osiyana chilumba superstructures, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti athe kulekanitsa machitidwe amagetsi ndi malo olamulira, kuonjezera redundancy (poganiza kutaya zina mwa mphamvu zawo pakagwa kulephera kapena kuwonongeka) . Poganizira za kusankha koyendetsa galimoto, akatswiriwo adatsogoleredwa ndi nkhani ya kudalirika ndi kukana kuwonongeka, komanso kufunika kotchulidwa kale kwa moyo wautali wautumiki. Pamapeto pake, makina osakanizidwa a CODLAG (ophatikiza dizilo-magetsi ndi gasi) adasankhidwa.

Pokhudzana ndi gawo la ntchito ku mayunitsi atsopano mu Primorsky Theatre ya ntchito, kunali koyenera kukhazikitsa zida zoyenera zomwe zimatha kupereka chithandizo chamoto. Zosiyanasiyana za zida zazikulu za mizinga (a Germany adagwiritsa ntchito 76 mm m'zaka zaposachedwa) kapena zida za rocket zidaganiziridwa. Poyamba, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosazolowereka kunaganiziridwa. Yoyamba inali ya zida zankhondo za MONARC (Modular Naval Artillery Concept), yomwe inkagwiritsa ntchito 155-mm PzH 2000 self-propelled howitzer turret pazifukwa zankhondo. ndi Hessen (F 124) mu August 220. Pachiyambi choyamba, PzH 2002 turret yosinthidwa inayikidwa pa mfuti ya 221 mm, yomwe inachititsa kuti athe kuyesa kuthekera kwa kugwirizanitsa thupi kwa dongosolo pa sitimayo. Kumbali ina, cannon howitzer yonse, yolumikizidwa ndi helipad, idagunda Hesse. Kuwombera kunkachitika panyanja ndi pansi pa zolinga zapansi, komanso kuyang'ana kugwirizana ndi kayendedwe ka moto ka sitimayo. Chida chachiwiri chokhala ndi mizu yamtunda chinali choyambitsa rocket cha M2005 MLRS.

Malingaliro osatsutsika awa a avant-garde adasiyidwa koyambirira kwa 2007, chifukwa chachikulu chinali kukwera mtengo kowasinthira kuti agwirizane ndi malo am'madzi ovuta kwambiri. Zingakhale zofunikira kuganizira kukana kwa dzimbiri, kuchepetsa mphamvu yamfuti zazikuluzikulu, ndipo potsiriza, kupanga zida zatsopano.

Kumanga ndi zopinga

Imodzi mwa mapulogalamu otchuka a Deutsche Marine yayambitsa mikangano yambiri kuyambira pachiyambi, ngakhale pa unduna. Kale pa June 21, 2007, Federal Audit Chamber (Bundesrechnungshof - BRH, yofanana ndi Supreme Audit Office) idapereka koyamba, koma osati komaliza, kuwunika koyipa kwa pulogalamuyi, kuchenjeza boma la federal (Bundesregierung) ndi Bundestag. Komiti ya Zachuma (Haushaltsausschusses) motsutsana ndi kuphwanya malamulo. Mu lipoti lake, Tribunal inasonyeza, makamaka, njira yopanda ungwiro yopangira mgwirizano womanga zombo, zomwe zinali zopindulitsa kwambiri kwa wopanga zombo, chifukwa zimakhudza kubweza kwa 81% ya ngongole yonse pamaso pa kutumiza kwa prototype. Komabe, Komiti Yachuma idaganiza zovomereza dongosololi. Patatha masiku asanu, ARGE F125 (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Fregatte 125) consortium ya thyssenkrupp Marine Systems AG (tkMS, leader) ndi Br. Lürssen Werft wasayina mgwirizano ndi Federal Office for Defense Technology and Procurement BwB (Bundesamt für Wehrtechnik und Beschaffung) yokonza ndi kumanga ma frigate anayi a F125. Mtengo wa mgwirizano panthawi yomwe adasaina unali pafupifupi ma euro 2,6 biliyoni, omwe adapereka mtengo wa 650 miliyoni euro.

Malinga ndi chikalata chomwe chinasainidwa mu June 2007, ARGE F125 amayenera kupereka chitsanzo cha unit kumapeto kwa 2014. zam'tsogolo Baden-Württemberg anaikidwa kokha pa May 9, 2011., ndi chipika choyamba (miyeso 23,0 × 18,0 × 7,0 m ndi kulemera pafupifupi matani 300), kupanga keel wophiphiritsa, anaikidwa pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kenako - pa November. 2.

Kumayambiriro kwa 2009, polojekitiyi idasinthidwanso, kusintha mawonekedwe amkati mwa bwaloli, ndikuwonjezera, mwa zina, malo osungira zida ndi zida za helikopita zowuluka. Zosintha zonse zomwe zidapangidwa panthawiyo zidawonjezera kusamuka komanso kutalika kwa sitimayo, motero kuvomereza mfundo zomaliza. Kukonzanso uku kunakakamiza ARGE F125 kuti ikambiranenso za mgwirizano. Lingaliro la BwB lidapatsa bungweli miyezi ina 12, motero ndikukulitsa pulogalamuyo mpaka Disembala 2018.

Popeza kuti udindo wotsogolera mu ARGE F125 umasewera ndi tkMS yogwira (80% ya magawo), ndiye amene adayenera kusankha pa chisankho cha subcontractors omwe akugwira nawo ntchito yomanga midadada yatsopano. Malo oyendetsa sitimayo omwe ntchito yake inali yopangira magawo apakati ndi aft, kuphatikiza midadada ya hull, zida zawo zomaliza, kuphatikiza machitidwe ndi kuyesa kotsatira kunali Blohm + Voss yochokera ku Hamburg, yomwe inali ya tkMS (yomwe ili ndi Lürssen kuyambira 2011). Kumbali ina, malo osungiramo zombo za Lürssen ku Vegesack pafupi ndi Bremen anali ndi udindo wopanga ndi kuvala koyambirira kwa mipiringidzo yayitali ya 62 m, kuphatikiza mawonekedwe apamwamba. Gawo la ntchito ya hull (magawo a uta, kuphatikizapo mapeyala a zombo ziwiri zoyambirira) adatumizidwa ndi chomera cha Peenewerft ku Wolgast, chomwe chinali ndi Hegemann-Gruppe, ndiye P + S Werften, koma kuyambira 2010 Lürssen. Pamapeto pake, inali bwalo la ngalawa lomwe linapanga mipiringidzo yonse ya frigates yachitatu ndi yachinayi.