Yesani galimoto Ford Focus, Opel Astra, Renault Megane, VW Golf: wosankhidwa bwino

M'badwo watsopano wa Astra umawoneka wokongola komanso wamphamvu, koma izi sizimathetsa zilakolako za mtunduwo - cholinga, monga nthawi zonse, ndi malo oyamba m'gulu lomwe akupikisana nalo.

Kuti akwaniritse ntchitoyi, mtundu wa Rüsselsheim ngati wosewera wokhazikika uyenera kulimbana ndi mpikisano waukulu. Ford Focus, yowonjezeranso Renault Megane ndi Gofu yosapeweka yomwe ikupitilizabe kuyika chiwonetsero pagalimoto iyi. Mpikisano woyamba wokhala ndi injini zamafuta kuchokera ku 122 mpaka 145 hp.

Ziyembekezero zazikulu

Poyang'ana m'mbuyo, mayina ambiri a "makiyi amtundu", "zatsopano zoyambilira" ndi "ziyembekezo zatsopano" zomwe Opel idayambitsa zaka zingapo zapitazi zitha kukhala zosokoneza. Zafira, Meriva, Astra H, Insignia ... Tsopano ndi nthawi ya Astra kachiwiri, nthawi ino ndi zilembo zosiyana J - ndiko kuti, m'badwo wachisanu ndi chinayi wa chitsanzo chophatikizika, chomwe m'masiku akale abwino m'misika ya ku Ulaya wotchedwa Kadett. Mwachibadwa, kuyambira pachiyambi, zachilendozo zinanenedwa kuti "zakupha" ndi omwe adazipanga ndipo zimadzazidwa ndi ziyembekezo ndi chiyembekezo chowala.

Katunduyo akuwonetsanso kulemera kwake kwa ma kilogalamu 1462, omwe ndi 10% kuposa omwe amatenga nawo mbali mopepuka mayeso. Zoonadi, cholinga choyenerera ichi ndi kukula kwachitsanzo chatsopano - Astra J ndi 17 centimita yaitali, 6,1 masentimita m'lifupi ndi 5 centimita pamwamba kuposa m'mbuyo mwake, ndi wheelbase chawonjezeka ndi 7,1 centimita. , XNUMX centimita. Zonsezi zimalimbikitsa chiyembekezo chachikulu chamkati chachikulu kwambiri, chomwe, mwatsoka, chimakhalabe chopanda pake.

Ali kuti masentimita 17 awa?

Poyang'ana koyamba, sizidziwika bwino komwe kuchuluka kwa ma centimita konseku kwasowa, koma poyang'anitsitsa, kutsogolo kwautali kumakhala kochititsa chidwi, chifukwa chake mkati mwa galimotoyo mumabwereranso kwambiri. Mizere yotsetsereka padenga ndi zida zokulirapo zimakankhiranso mipando yakutsogolo kumbuyo, zomwe zimalepheretsa dalaivala ndi wokwera kutsogolo kumva malo. Kuphatikiza apo, Astra amasamalira chitonthozo cha mipando yakutsogolo, kuwayika pa (muyezo wa mtundu wa Sport) mipando yotsika yokhala ndi kukhazikika kwapambuyo komanso chithandizo chakumbuyo. Chifukwa chokha cha kutsutsidwa kwawo ndikusintha kwaukali kwamalingaliro a backrests.

Mzere wakumbuyo umapereka mfundo zochulukira kwambiri pakuwunika kolakwika. Danga ndi lochepa kwambiri moti zimadzutsa kukayikira kwakukulu ponena za galimoto yomwe ili m'gulu la compact. Kuchokera pamakope athunthu komanso amakono a gululi, munthu ayenera kuyembekezera kukhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso kuyenda momasuka molingana ndi chitonthozo. Ndi Astra, izi zikhoza kukhala vuto, mawondo akukankhira kumbuyo ndi miyendo yopanda phokoso kufunafuna malo pansi pa mpando wakutsogolo. Kumverera kwa galimoto yaying'ono kumakulitsidwa ndi malo opapatiza agalasi ndi zipilala zazikulu zakumbuyo, ndipo nthawi zambiri, okwera otalika kuposa 1,70 metres saloledwa kukhala kumbuyo. Komanso, zoletsa pamutu sizingasinthidwe kupitilira kutalika uku ...

Thunthulo silipangitsanso kulira kosangalatsa. Voliyumu yake yokhazikika ikufanana ndi ya kalasi, ndipo malo ophwanyika amatha kupangidwa mothandizidwa ndi pansi pawiri, ndikuwongolera pakhomo lamkati chifukwa cha kutalika kwa chipinda chonyamula katundu. Pankhani ya kusinthasintha, kupereka kwa Astra ndikofanana ndi Golf ndipo kumangokhala kugawanika kwa asymmetrically ndikupinda kumbuyo kwa mipando yakumbuyo. Mu Focus ndi Megane, mipando ingathenso kupindika pansi - zowonjezera zothandiza zomwe, komabe, sizingatheke mwaukadaulo lero.

Akavalo 140, ndi chiyani ...

Popeza kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa Astra sikunapangitse kuti pakhale vuto lalikulu, kodi tingayembekezere kuchokera pakuchepetsa kwa injini? Mofanana ndi omwe amapikisana nawo ku VW ndi Renault, mainjiniya a Opel adasankha kuphatikiza injini yaying'ono ya lita imodzi yamphamvu zinayi ndi makina owonjezera a turbocharged. Kupanikizika kwa 1,4 bar kumabweretsa mphamvu ya injini yotetezedwa pang'ono kufika pa 1,1 hp, koma pazifukwa zosadziwika imalephera kusintha kupambana kwake kuposa injini za Gofu ndi Megane kukhala mphamvu zowoneka bwino. ...

Kucheperako pang'ono mumayendedwe othamanga kumakhala kosawoneka bwino, koma zomwezo sizinganenedwe pakukhazikika - giya lalitali lachisanu ndi chimodzi lamayendedwe olondola amawononga mphamvu zambiri pa Astra, ndipo panjanji mungafunike kupita kuchinayi. Izi, nazonso, zimapanga chopereka chosafunika ku chilakolako chodziwika bwino cha injini yatsopano, yomwe pambaliyi imakhalabe pansi pa ziyembekezo ndipo, chofunika kwambiri, pansi pa mphamvu za Astra chassis.

Mapangidwe apamwamba

Mosiyana ndi Focus ndi Gofu, mbali yakumbuyo ya compact Opel imayang'ana kugwiritsa ntchito dera lodziyimira palokha ndipo imafuna kuwongolera kapamwamba powonjezera chipika cha Watt chomwe chimapangitsa kasamalidwe ka axle. Kukonzekera kumachititsa chidwi ndi chitonthozo chapamwamba komanso kutsindika kwamphamvu, ndipo mbali zonse ziwiri za khalidwe zingathe kugogomezedwa kwambiri mu njira yoyenera ya Flex-Ride system (pa ndalama zowonjezera). Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe a damper, kusankha kwa Sport kapena Tour kumakhudza kwambiri kuyankha kwa pedal accelerator, komanso chithandizo chomwe chiwongolero chamagetsi chimapereka chiwongolero cholondola komanso chachindunji. Mosasamala kanthu kosankhidwa, kuyimitsidwa kwa Astra kumatsimikizira kukhazikika kwapamwamba pamsewu ndi khalidwe lotetezeka. Chitsutso chokhacho chikhoza kulunjika pa dongosolo la ESP losavuta komanso losamalitsa, lomwe pamisewu yonyowa imalowerera mochedwa komanso mwamantha polimbana ndi chizolowezi cholimba cha understeer - chifukwa cha kuchotsera mfundo imodzi mu gawo lolingana.

Kusiyana kwa zaka

Komabe, ngakhale panali zolakwika zonse, Astra adakwanitsadi kutenga mutu wa oyeserera kwambiri aku Europe panjira yochokera ku Focus. Nthawi yomweyo, mtundu wa Ford sakufuna kudzipereka popanda kumenyera mnzake yemwe amakhala nawo wazaka zisanu, osati pankhondo imeneyi. Kuyendetsa misewu molunjika, kuwongolera pang'ono kumalumikizidwa ndi kuyendetsa bwino kovomerezeka, zida zamkati zokhutiritsa ndi kapangidwe kake, zomwe sizomwe zili pakati pazofunikira zazikulu za Focus. Kumbali inayi, Cologne imadziwika kutalika kwake malinga ndi malo amtolo ndi mtundu wamagalimoto.

M'kuyerekeza uku, Ford ndi yekhayo amene amadalira mwachibadwa aspirated injini. Ndipo pazifukwa zomveka - injini yawo ya XNUMX-lita imayankha mofulumira kwambiri kuposa injini zopikisana ndi turbocharged ndipo zimakonda moyo pa liwiro lapamwamba, zomwe zimakondweretsa bwino bokosi la gearbox losinthika ndi magiya ake aafupi. Pamapeto pake, kuphatikiza kowoneka ngati kosavutaku kumawoneka kokhutiritsa kwambiri kuposa momwe Astra amasamutsira mopanda malire. Zoona, phokoso la phokoso ndilokwera pang'ono, koma kusungunuka ndikwabwinoko, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumakhala bwinoko. Pamapeto pake, Opel amatha kupitilira Ford pang'ono pamasanjidwe. Izi zimathandizidwa ndi mipando yabwino kwambiri komanso njira yabwino kwambiri yosinthira ya bi-xenon yokhala ndi ngodya, misewu yayikulu ndi ntchito zoyendetsa misewu, zomwe Astra amalandira mfundo zambiri.

Amakhala ndi mano

Megane imafika pachimake pagawo la zida. Mtundu wosankhidwa bwino kwambiri wa Luxe umawala ndi zinthu zamtengo wapatali monga upholstery wachikopa ndi makina oyenda omwe opikisana nawo amatha kuchita manyazi modzichepetsa. Malo a kanyumba amapita kutali kwambiri ndi lingaliro la kulemera - ndipo mu Megane ndi lalikulu kwambiri pamipando iwiri yakutsogolo, pamene okwera kumbuyo amayenera kupirira zofanana ndi za Astra. Ngakhale kuyimitsidwa ouma ndi yaifupi kwambiri yopingasa mbali ya mipando, Komabe, Megane angatchedwe ndithu oyenera maulendo ataliatali, ndipo kuyenera mu ichi makamaka ndi ntchito yogwirizana bwino kufala.

Injini ya Renault ya 1,4-lita turbocharged imapanga 130 hp. ndi 190 Nm, imagwira ntchito mwakachetechete, modekha komanso ikuwonetsa kukhazikika kwambiri. Six-speed gearbox ndithudi si chithunzithunzi cha kusintha kwachangu, koma kuyika kwake kwa gear kungakhale chitsanzo cha mpikisano. Pano, komabe, malingaliro ochepetsera amawoneka ngati akadali aang'ono komanso osamvetsetseka muzochita zake - ndi kayendetsedwe kake kakang'ono, ndalama zimatheka, koma m'moyo wamba wa tsiku ndi tsiku, phindu lodziwika bwino la kuchepetsa katundu likutha pang'onopang'ono.

Mfalansa khalidwe ndi torsion bala kumbuyo sikupindula ndi yosalunjika, kutchulidwa kupanga kumverera mu chiwongolero, koma kusalowerera ndale kusintha kuyimitsidwa kwake ndi chitsimikizo chotsimikizirika cha khalidwe otetezeka ngakhale pazovuta. Pochita, Astra adatha kuigonjetsa pomaliza chifukwa cha zida zotetezera pang'ono, kusowa kwa njira zamakono zowunikira komanso maulendo ataliatali pa asphalt ndi grip yosiyana (µ-split).

Buku lotsogolera

Izi zimasiya gofu. Ndipo amakhalabe woyang'anira. Osati kokha chifukwa chakuti kusindikiza kwachisanu ndi chimodzi sikuloleza zolakwika ndi zofooka, komanso chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito bwino zomwe angathe kutengera mtunduwo. Monga mukudziwira, ambiri amawona mapangidwe a "zisanu ndi chimodzi" ochepa kwambiri komanso osasangalatsa, koma chowonadi chosatsutsika ndichakuti ma voliyumu okhala ndi nthanthi ndizofunikira pazinyumba zazikulu kwambiri poyerekeza izi, ngakhale kutalika kwa Wolfsburg ndikufupi kwambiri. Gofuyo imapereka malo okwanira komanso okwera okwera okwera m'mizere yonse iwiri, komanso zabwino zomwe zimagulitsidwa bwino monga magwiridwe antchito abwino komanso magwiridwe antchito ophatikizika mosavuta komanso kuyankha, m'badwo wachisanu ndi chimodzi umakondwera ndi kutonthoza koyendetsa bwino. ndi njira zambiri zam'misewu. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi Astra, mbali ziwirizi za machitidwe a Gofu zitha kupangidwira mtengo wowonjezerapo pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamagetsi zosinthira.

Chophatikizira cha Volkswagen sichilowerera ndale, chiwongolero ndicholondola komanso chotsimikiza, ndipo makina a ESP amayambitsidwa mwachangu ndipo kulowererapo pang'ono kumathandizira kuthana ndi chizolowezi choloza m'malire. Zowona kuti Gofu ataya mwayi ku Astra pakuwongolera kwamachitidwe amalipilidwa bwino ndikuzungulira kozungulira modabwitsa. Popanda kutchula, kuwonekera bwino kwa mpando wa dalaivala kumapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito m'malo akumatauni kuposa Astra mosakayikira.

Kukula kulibe kanthu

Pogwiritsa ntchito injiniyi, mainjiniya a VW amayesetsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo kuposa injini ina iliyonse yomwe idayesedwa, kuwonetsa njira yoyenera yogwiritsira ntchito njira zochepetsera anthu. Injini ya 1,4-lita ya Wolfsburg ilibe turbocharger yokha, komanso makina owongolera mafuta mwachindunji. Palibe amene angakane kuti injini ya turbocharged siyopanda umbombo mwamtundu woyendetsa bwino, koma chitukuko chonse cha VW chapamwamba chimapereka mafuta abwinoko kuposa omwe amapikisana nawo.

Kulephera kwa akavalo 18 pa Astra sichinthu cholemetsa mu Gofu, ndipo kuyankha bwino kwa TSI ndikosavuta sikungatsutsike. Injini imayenda bwino ngakhale muma gear okwera kwambiri okwera ma gearbox osunthika mosavuta komanso olondola ndipo imaphimba mosavuta ma 1500 mpaka 6000 rpm.

Kupatulapo ubwino pankhani ya kuunikira ndi mipando, Astra alibe kwambiri pangozi mpikisano wowala kwambiri - Ndipotu, mtunda pakati pa otsutsa muyaya a mibadwo yatsopano sikunachepe, koma kuwonjezeka mokomera woimira VW. Golf VI ikadali yapamwamba kwambiri, pomwe Astra J adzayenera kuvomereza udindo wa wosewera yemwe wadzikweza kwambiri komanso wovuta kukwaniritsa zolinga.

mawu: Sebastian Renz

chithunzi: Hans-Dieter Zeifert

kuwunika

1. VW Golf 1.4 TSI Comfortline - 501 points

Gofu imakhalabe nambala wani chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito bwino, kuphatikizika kwakukulu, magwiridwe antchito oyamba, chitonthozo chopambana komanso injini yamagetsi ya TSI. Chosavuta ndi mtengo wokwera.

2. Opel Astra 1.4 Turbo Sport – 465 points

Ngakhale kuyimitsidwa kwakukulu, Astra imatha kuteteza malo achiwiri okha. Zifukwa zabodzazi mu injini yayikulu komanso kukula kanyumba kanyumba.

3. Ford Focus 2.0 16V Titanium - 458 points

Ngakhale ali ndi zaka zisanu, Focus ili pafupi ndi Astra yatsopano, yomwe ikuwonetsa mkati mwake komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta moyenera. Zoyipa zazikulu ndizochita komanso chitonthozo.

4. Renault Megane TCE 130 - 456 mfundo

Megan ali kumbuyo kwa mpikisano. Mphamvu zake ndi zida zabwino kwambiri komanso injini yosinthika, ndipo zovuta zake zazikulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta komanso malo munyumba.

Zambiri zaukadaulo

1. VW Golf 1.4 TSI Comfortline - 501 points	2. Opel Astra 1.4 Turbo Sport – 465 points	3. Ford Focus 2.0 16V Titanium - 458 points	4. Renault Megane TCE 130 - 456 mfundo
Ntchito voliyumu	-	-	-	-
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu	122 k. Kuchokera. pa 5000 rpm	140 k. Kuchokera. pa 4900 rpm	Zamgululi 145 ks pa 6000 rpm	130 k. Kuchokera. pa 5500 rpm
Kuchuluka makokedwe	-	-	-	-
Kupititsa patsogolo 0-100 km / h	9,8 s	10,2 s	9,6 s	9,8 s
Ma braking mtunda pa liwiro la 100 km / h	39 m	38 m	38 m	39 m
Kuthamanga kwakukulu	200 km / h	202 km / h	206 km / h	200 km / h
Kuchuluka kwa mowa mafuta pamayeso	8,5 l	9,3 l	8,9 l	9,5 l
Mtengo Woyamba	35 466 levov	36 525 levov	35 750 levov	35 300 levov

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