Fisker Karma 2011 Obzor
Ngati Henrik Fisker apeza njira yake, galimoto ya nyenyezi zaku Hollywood zomwe zimayang'ana zachilengedwe zidzakhala galimoto yake yatsopano yamagetsi. Nanga bwanji Toyota Prius, yotchuka ndi George Clooney ndi Julia Roberts? Nah, wotopetsa kwambiri. Ndi Chevy Volt? Zosowa sitayilo.
Dziwani za Fisker Karma yatsopano, galimoto yamagetsi yoyamba padziko lonse lapansi yokhala ndi mitundu yayitali. Ndipo, tsoka, mnyamata ameneyu waluso zambiri anali pa udindo wapadera.
Limousine yatsopano ya ku America sikuti imangodzitamandira pamlingo wa Mercedes komanso kasamalidwe kamlingo wa BMW wokutidwa kunja kowoneka bwino koyenera kukhala ndi baji ya Maserati, imadzitamanso ndi zina mwazabwino kwambiri zachilengedwe.
Ndi mphamvu ya 300kW, sedan iyi yokhala ndi mipando 4 yokhala ndi zitseko zinayi imatulutsa mpweya wabwino wa CO4 komanso mtunda wabwino kuposa Prius. Ndipo tili ku Southern California komwe kuli dzuwa kuti tipeze zoyamba.
Ndiye zinatheka bwanji kuti pakhale mpumulo? Mu 2005, CEO wa kampani yobadwa ku Denmark Henrik Fisker ndi bwenzi lake la bizinesi Bernhard Köhler anayamba kubwezeretsa zosinthika za Mercedes ndi BMW ku Fisker Coachbuild, mpaka msonkhano wa mwayi ndi Quantum Technologies unasintha chirichonse. Boma lidapatsa kampani ina yamagetsi mgwirizano kuti ipange galimoto ya "stealth" ya asitikali aku US yomwe imatha kuponyedwa kumbuyo kwa adani, kupita patsogolo pamagetsi a "stealth mode" kenako ndikubwerera.
Koma tisanadzitsogolere, tiyenera kuzindikira kuti Fisker samangotsogolera kampaniyo ngati CEO. Iye, zikuwonekera, ndiyenso wamkulu wopanga. Ndipo mukaganizira kuti ntchito yake yapitayi idaphatikizapo kupanga Aston Martin DB9, V8 Vantage ndi BMW Z8, ndizosavuta kuwona komwe kuwunikira kwa Karma ku Europe kudachokera. Ndi maupangiri ena opangidwa kuchokera ku Aston Martin ndi Maserati, zomwe zimawonekera koyamba ndikuti galimoto iyi ikhoza kukhala sedan yokongola kwambiri yolembedwa pa dothi la America kuyambira zaka za m'ma 70s.
Komabe, chitsulo chachitsulo chimangokhala chotsekemera pa keke. Zomwe zimayikidwa pa Karma aluminium spaceframe chassis yopangidwa mwamakonda imakankhira malire a drivetrain yamagalimoto amagetsi. Galimotoyo, yomwe idapangidwa ndi Quantum Technologies, imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi yowuziridwa ndi magalimoto ankhondo obisika omwe tawatchula pamwambapa: mapasa 150kW kumbuyo kwamagetsi amagetsi ndi batri ya lithiamu-ion. Pambuyo kutulutsa batire, pafupifupi 80 Km, 4 yamphamvu 255-lita turbocharged petulo injini ndi 2.0 HP. opangidwa ndi GM amayendetsa jenereta yomwe imawonjezeranso mabatire. Kukhazikitsa kwa Fisker "EVer" (Galimoto Yowonjezera Yamagetsi) kumatsimikizira kutalika kwa 80 km pagalimoto yamagetsi yokha komanso pafupifupi 400 km yokhala ndi mota, pamtunda wopitilira 480 km wotalikira.
Panjira, posakhalitsa zidawonekera kuti gulu la Fisker linali lalikulu. Dinani batani loyambira, sankhani D kuchokera ku piramidi yaing'ono ya PRNDL pakatikati, ndipo galimotoyo idzakuikani muzosasintha kapena EV-yokha "Stealth" mode. Muli ndi mwayi kugwedeza phesi kusankha "Sport" ndi kuyatsa injini mphamvu zambiri, koma zambiri kenako.
Titakwera njanji mozungulira 30km/h, tidawona (monganso Nissan Leaf) kuti Fisker adayika mawu opangira kuchenjeza oyenda pansi za Karma. Kuzizira. Kenako tinakankha chopondapo cha gasi. 100% torque ikupezeka nthawi yomweyo. Ndiye 1330 Nm ya torque, chithunzi chomwe chinaphimbidwa ndi Bugatti Veyron wamphamvu. Sikuti amathamanga mathamangitsidwe, koma mofulumira mokwanira kusangalatsa madalaivala ambiri. Ngakhale kuti Karma ili ndi mphamvu yoletsa kuletsa matani 2 mopambanitsa, imathamanga kuchoka pa kuyima kufika pa 100 km/h m’masekondi 7.9 ndipo imafika liŵiro lapamwamba kwambiri la 155 km/h (mu Stealth mode).
Zinangotengera gawo limodzi mozungulira dera lodzipatulira mumsewu kuwonetsetsa kuti Karma imagwira ntchito ngati galimoto yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kuyimitsidwa kwapawiri-khumbo ndi zida zopangira aluminiyamu ndi kudzidzimutsa kumbuyo kumbuyo kumathandiza Fisker EV kutenga malo oyamba m'kalasi yake yogwira panjira. Cornering ndi yakuthwa komanso yolondola, yokhala ndi chiwongolero cholemedwa bwino ndipo pafupifupi palibe chowongolera pamalire.
Ma wheelbase otalikirapo (3.16m), njanji yakutsogolo ndi yakumbuyo, mphamvu yokoka yotsika komanso matayala akulu akulu a 22 inchi a Goodyear Eagle F1 amagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti Karma ikhale yosalala pamakona pomwe imapangitsa kuti thupi likhale lochepa kwambiri. Kugwira kwamtundu ndikofunikira, koma kumapeto kwake kumatsetsereka ndipo kumakhala kosavuta kugwira. O inde, ndipo kulemera kwake kwa 47/53 kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo sikungapwetekenso ma equation.
Vuto lokha limene tinali nalo linali la phokoso. Kuletsa phokoso la mphepo ndi misewu kumayendetsedwa bwino. Ndipotu, ali ndi insulated bwino kwambiri moti mumatha kumva phokoso lochokera m'thupi pamene galimoto imayenda mozungulira. Tsopano popeza tikuyendetsanso mwakachetechete Stealth zimangowoneka kuti zikukulitsa mawuwa mpaka, ndiye kuti, tisintha chowongoleredwa chokwera kuchokera ku Stealth mode kupita ku Sport mode. Mwadzidzidzi, phokosolo likusweka ndi injiniyo, yomwe imabwera ndi phokoso lamphamvu komanso lopweteka, likutuluka mofiira kudzera m'mapaipi omwe ali kuseri kwa mawilo akutsogolo.
Chinthu choyamba chomwe mungazindikire, pambali pa kumveka kotulutsa mpweya ndi mluzu wa turbo, ndi mphamvu yowonjezera. Alternator yoyendetsedwa ndi injini sikuti imangowonjezera batire, komanso imathandizira magwiridwe antchito a batri ya lithiamu-ion, yomwe imawonjezera kuthamanga kwa 20-25%. Izi zosinthira ku Sport mode tsopano zimathandiza kuti galimoto ifulumire kuchoka pa ziro kufika pa 100 km/h mumasekondi 5.9, pamene liwiro lapamwamba limawonjezeka kufika 200 km/h.
Brembo 6-piston brake system yokhala ndi 4-piston kumbuyo, imakoka kwambiri ndikukana kuvala. Kulimba kwa ma brake pedal ndikolimba komanso kumayenda pang'onopang'ono, kukanikiza chopalasa chakumanja kumakupatsani mwayi woti mulowe mumsewu wa Hill ndikusankha kuchokera pamiyezo itatu yosinthira mabuleki, zomwe zimatengera kutsika kwapansi.
Kulowetsedwa kwa $ 529 miliyoni kuchokera ku Dipatimenti ya Mphamvu kunamulola kuti agule chomera chakale cha GM ku Delaware, kumene galimoto yotsatira, yotsika mtengo komanso yowonjezera Nina, idzamangidwa. Zidzalolanso kuti Fisker awonjezere pamutu wake "wolemekezeka", ndi kampani yobiriwira iyi yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito nkhuni zobwezeretsedwa kuchokera ku moto wamoto ku California komanso kuchokera pansi pa nyanja ya Michigan, komanso zikopa zowonongeka.
Chachilendo china ndi Fisker command center pa center console. Ili ndi skrini yayikulu ya 10.2-inch yomwe imayang'anira pafupifupi zowongolera zonse zamagalimoto. Ndipo ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, malo olamulira amatha kuwonetsa kuyenda kwamphamvu, kuphatikiza mphamvu kuchokera padenga ladzuwa lomwe limatha kupanga mphamvu zokwanira kuyendetsa galimoto 300 km pachaka.
Popangidwa pambali pa Porsche Caymans ku Finland, Karma ikhoza kutulutsidwa zaka zitatu zapitazo, koma zizindikirozo ndi zomveka bwino. Kupangidwa kokha pagalimoto yakumanzere, mtundu woyamba wa Fisker sudzawona magombe athu. Tidikirira galimoto yake yotsatira yamagetsi, yaing'ono ya Nina, yomwe ikuyembekezeka kuzungulira 2013. Kuyenda kwathu kwakanthawi kochepa kunatitsimikizira kuti Karma ili ndi maubwino ambiri, kuchokera ku mawonekedwe odabwitsa, uinjiniya wapadera, kasamalidwe kabwino kwambiri komanso mphamvu yamagetsi yokopa zachilengedwe yomwe imakhazikitsa miyezo yatsopano pakutulutsa kwa CO2 ndi mtunda. Kumveka komveka kwamkati mkati ndi phokoso lamphamvu lotopetsa liyenera kuthetsedwa, koma izi ziyenera kuthetsedwa posachedwa kwambiri.
Mfundo yakuti galimoto iyi ya $ 3,000 (mtengo woyambira) idalandira kale zoposa 96,850 malamulo akuwonetsa msika womwe ungakhalepo kwa makasitomala kuyambira ogula a Porsche ndi Mercedes kupita kwa okonda eco-driving monga Leonardo ndi Cameron , George ndi Julia ndi Brad ndi Tom. Hmmm, ndikudabwa kuti ndani adzakhala woyamba kuyenda pa kapeti wofiira pa Academy usiku mu mode chozemba.
