Ulendo: Yamaha YZF-R1

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Ine sindiri wotsimikiza kwathunthu ngati Yamaha anasamalira kulowa maganizo palokha molondola, kapena ngati chinali cholakwa cha akonzi njinga yamoto TV amene anafalitsa uthenga kuti Yamaha anali woyamba kugwiritsa ntchito luso pa njinga yamoto yopanga ku kalasi yachifumu MotoGP.

Kunena zowona, palibe tanthauzo lenileni la zomwe zimatchedwa "big bang" chipika chapezeka (panobe), koma, malinga ndi ambuye, mutuwo ndi woterera, popeza machitidwe a opanga osiyanasiyana ndi osiyana kwambiri ndipo onse ali nawo. cholinga chofanana: kupititsa patsogolo kuyankha ndikupereka mamita ambiri a Newton momwe angathere pa gudumu lakumbuyo.

Yamaha adabwereka zina mwaukadaulo uwu ndikusintha kuwombera kwa masilindala amodzi. Zomwe zimadziwika kale kuti 1-2-4-3 180 degree lag zasinthidwa ndikusintha kwatsopano kwa 1-3-2-4 komwe kumayatsa 270-180-90 lag komanso 180 madigiri mpaka kuphulika pa pistoni yoyamba. mzere.

Kuti zikhale zosavuta kumvetsetsa: nthawi yambiri imadutsa pakati pa kuyatsa kwa silinda yoyamba ndi yachitatu ndi nthawi yochepa pakati pa kuyatsa kwachiwiri ndi chachinayi. Ngakhale zili choncho chifukwa cha "zovuta" izi munthu angaganize kuti mainshaft omwe amapangidwa amazungulira mosiyanasiyana, kodi akwaniritsa zosiyana kwambiri ndi nthawi zoyatsira za asymmetric? liwiro lozungulira kwambiri la shaft yayikulu.

Gawo la torque lomwe limaperekedwa ku gudumu lakumbuyo kudzera mu bokosi la gear ndi unyolo limakhalanso torque (torque) chifukwa cha kuzungulira (inertia) ya shaft. Kuthamanga kwake kozungulira kumasintha mumayendedwe akale oyaka chifukwa cha liwiro losagwirizana la ma pistoni, zomwe zimatsogolera ku zotsatira zosagwirizana za torque yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi kuzungulira kwa shaft ndi torque chifukwa cha kuphulika pamwamba pa pistoni.

Chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwakung'ono mu mphindi ya inertia mu unit yatsopano, torque yonse imakhala yofanana ndi yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi dalaivala potembenuza phokoso. Cholinga: Kuyankha bwino, torque yambiri, ndi kulumikizana kwachindunji pakati pa throttle lever ndi gudumu lakumbuyo. Phew, kuwerenga kwapafupi ... Kotero - Injini yatsopano ya Yamaha SI "big bang" monga kutsatizana kosiyana koyatsa ndi chimodzi mwazinthu za makina othamanga a GP.

Mainshaft yatsopano sizinthu zatsopano zokha pa injini ya 2009 ya four-cylinder. Ma pistoni a 78mm ali ndi sitiroko yayifupi kwambiri ya 52mm yokha, yomwe ndi 2mm yocheperapo kuposa yachitsanzo cham'mbuyo ndi 1mm yocheperapo kuposa chitsanzo chapitacho. Honda Fireblade. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku aluminiyamu, zodzigudubuza ndi zokutidwa ndi ceramic ndipo mavavu oyamwa amapangidwa kuchokera ku titaniyamu.

Jakisoni wolondola wamafuta kudzera pa ma jakisoni apawiri amaperekedwa ndi zida zamakono za YCC-I (Yamaha Chip Controled Intake, zomwe zitha kumasuliridwa ngati jakisoni woyendetsedwa ndimagetsi) ndi YCC-T (Yamaha Chip Controlled Throttle, yomwe imadziwika kuti " kuyendetsa-ndi-waya"). Pogwiritsa ntchito batani pa chiwongolero, dalaivala akhoza kusankha imodzi mwa mapulogalamu atatu a injini: Standard, A (kuyankha mwamphamvu kwambiri pamtunda wapansi ndi pakati) ndi B, yomwe imapereka yankho la injini yofewa.

Anakonzansonso chimango cha aluminiyamu ndi swingarm yakumbuyo ndikufupikitsa wheelbase ndi mamilimita asanu, pomwe chimango chothandizira kumbuyo kwa njingayo chimapangidwa ndi magnesium kuti chichepetse kulemera. R1 yatsopano imakhala yolemera pang'ono pa gudumu lakutsogolo, 52 peresenti (yomwe kale inali 4), chifukwa cha injini ya 51mm yomwe idasamutsidwa kutsogolo ndikuzungulira madigiri asanu ndi anayi.

Atafunsidwa chifukwa chake utsiwu sunakhazikitsidwe pansi pa unit, monga momwe zakhalira m'zaka zaposachedwa, Oliver Grill, yemwe ali ndi udindo wokonzekera ntchito zatsopano ku Yamaha Europe, adayankha kuti palibe malo, popeza chipangizochi chakhazikitsidwa kale. mu khungu. otsika kwambiri. Kuti asasokoneze kuphatikizika kwa ma mufflers pansi pa mpando wakumbuyo, tsopano ndi amfupi komanso opangidwa ndi titaniyamu.

Zomwe okwera aatali sangakonde ndi chakuti watsopanoyo ali ndi "malo ogwirira ntchito" ophatikizika omwe ali ndi wheelbase wamfupi. Chiwongolero chimasunthidwa centimita imodzi kumbuyo, mpando umasunthidwa patsogolo mamilimita 7, ndipo zopondapo zimasunthira patsogolo centimita imodzi. Pa pempho la dalaivala, iwo akhoza kukwezedwa inchi imodzi ndi theka ndi screwed mamilimita atatu ku gudumu lakumbuyo.

Iliyonse ili ndi ntchito yosiyana kuti igwirizane ndi ma pistoni akulu akulu mu foloko yakutsogolo ndikuwonjezera mafuta ochulukirapo. Chifukwa chake, mkono wakumanzere umapereka damping panthawi yoponderezedwa (kuponderezana), ndipo dzanja lamanja limawongolera kubwerera kolondola kwa kasupe. Mosakayikira, kuyimitsidwa kumasinthika kwathunthu.

The awiri a chimbale kutsogolo ananyema ndi 310 millimeters, amene amathandizanso kupulumutsa kulemera. Unyinji wonse wozungulira komanso wosasunthika uyenera kukhala wotsika momwe ungathere chifukwa umakhudza kwambiri kuyendetsa galimoto. Anathanso kusunga magalamu 25 chifukwa cha lever yatsopano yapampu ya radial.

Pambuyo pa zonse zomwe zingatheke pazithunzi za photoshop zomwe zinawonekera pa webusaitiyi masabata angapo chisanachitike, tinali pang'ono, hmm ... Kummawa sikusintha “Sizikutanthauza kalikonse. revolution, munthu wamba amatha kunena kuti adangopeza "kukweza nkhope." Zomwe, ndithudi, sizili choncho, zinthu zonse zimakonzedwanso, ndipo mizere imakhalabe yaukali kunyumba.

Mulimonsemo, iwo anaonetsetsa kuti mawonekedwewo anali okonda eni ake a maenje apitawo, ndipo kuweruza ndi ndemanga zoyamba, palibe kulekana pakati pa omwe injiniyo ndi yonyansa kapena yokongola. Mukukumbukira "khola" pomwe Honda adavumbulutsa Fireblade yatsopano? Uh, a, flash, uwu ...

Chabwino, Yamaha amakhalabe wokhulupirika kwa makasitomala ake, ndipo R1 yatsopano ndi yokongola. Inde, zithunzi nthawi zonse zimanama, chilengedwe chiyenera kuwonedwa ndi maso mu kuwala. Kenako mudzawona kuti kufananizidwa kwa nyali zamoto ku Kawasaki Ten ndikosayenera, kuti malo ounikira akumutu kwenikweni ndi mpweya wokwanira, kuti ndi zidutswa zing'onozing'ono za pulasitiki R1 yatsopano imasonyeza mphamvu zambiri, komanso kuti kumbuyo ndi ma mufflers amfupi ndi ang'onoang'ono. Mpando wokwera ndi wophatikizika kwambiri.

Ngati inunso ndinu m'modzi mwa omwe akudabwa ngati inu kapena opanga Yamaha munalipo, tiyeni tifotokoze chifukwa chake chimango chofiyira chonyezimira mumtundu woyera. Amalume ochokera ku Yamaha adavomereza kuti mawonekedwe a njinga yamoto samanena kuti ndi zatsopano bwanji, choncho amafuna kulankhulana kuti izi ndizosintha pang'ono, ndipo adangosankha mtundu wachilendo wachilendo. Kuti kumuwona iye kachitatu, kachisanu ... osati ngakhale zoipa!

Ofiira ndi azungu akukonzekera kugulitsa zochepa chifukwa pali ma Yamaha awiri okongola komanso amitundu yambiri omwe akugulitsidwa: wakuda ndi buluu ndi woyera. Koma mungayerekeze kuti pambuyo pa msonkhano wa atolankhani, tinakanda zoyera ndi chimango chofiira.

Kuti iyi ndi njinga yatsopano imawonekera makamaka ndikakanikiza batani loyambira ndikutembenuzira chowongolera pang'ono pa liwiro lopanda ntchito. Hei, kodi izi zilidi ndi masilinda anayi? !! Kusiyana pakati pa nyimbo zomveka ndi titaniyamu mufflers ndi zoonekeratu. Mtundu wapamwamba wa inline-four umabangula mwaukali, ndipo iyi, um, imabangula, pafupifupi kuchita phokoso. Mwina zimamveka pang'ono ngati Benelli ya silinda itatu.

Chodabwitsa kwambiri, kumverera kofewa modabwitsa pa throttle lever ndi kuyankha kwa chipangizocho nthawi yomweyo. Mumayendetsa pa liwiro losalekeza, kuyatsa gasi, ndipo injini imakoka popanda kugwedeza, ngati kuti mukudabwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho kuchokera kumbuyo. Zimayenda mofulumira kuchokera ku zikwi zisanu ndi ziwiri kupita mtsogolo, ndipo mphamvu imawonjezeka mosalekeza kokha ndi kusintha; palibe malo omwe kusintha kwakukulu kwachangu kumachitika mwadzidzidzi. Komabe, injiniyo ikuwoneka kuti ikugwedezeka kwambiri ikamathamanga kuchokera ku ma revs otsika kuposa momwe tingayembekezere kuchokera ku silinda yabata anayi.

Choyipa kwambiri ndichakuti muchepetse chiwongolero chonse pomwe kamphindi kakang'ono kamawerengera pafupifupi 5.000 rpm. Koma popeza sitimachita izi poyendetsa galimoto. Injini idzafulumizitsa bwino ngakhale gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a gasi litawonjezeredwa; ndiye kugwedezeka ndi zochepa kwambiri, koma kwathunthu kutha pamwamba zikwi zisanu ndi zitatu, pamene injini akuyamba kusonyeza mano ndi maganizo ayenera analozedwera ku lakutsogolo kwa phula, pamene zinthu zimayamba kuvumbula chisanadze Clemanly mwamsanga.

Kuphatikiza pakusintha kokhotakhota, palinso ndege yayitali ku Eastern Creek Racecourse ku Sydney, pomwe nthawi yomaliza ndidayiyang'ana, mita idawerenga pafupifupi 260 km / h ndipo ma rev anali akukwerabe. Kumapeto kwa ndegeyo, ndinathyoka mwadzidzidzi kwa kamphindi, mwamsanga kutsika magiya awiri ndikutembenuza njingayo kukhala yokhotakhota kumanzere, kumene liwiro likadali pafupi makilomita mazana awiri pa ola limodzi.

Dalaivala, amene "anagwa" pamene braking, glistens pansi pa mapazi ake pa bampu yaing'ono, makumi angapo mamita kumbuyo kwake ndi Yamaha, titero kunena, atagona pa ngodya, koma ine sindiri mantha konse. M'malo mwake, sindikudziwa ngati ndidazolowerapo kavalo pansi panga mwachangu. Bicycle yatsopano ndi njira yosadziwika yothamanga, koma pambuyo pa maulendo angapo, munayenera kukanikiza nsapato pafupi ndi injini kuti asagwedezeke pansi nthawi zonse.

Ndinkatopa kwambiri ndi braking, monga mabuleki, monga momwe tinkachitira kuyambira m'badwo wotsiriza, zabwino kwambiri, kuyimitsidwa pamodzi ndi chimango ndizovuta, ndipo "anti-scoping" clutch imakopa kumwetulira pansi pa chisoti, chomwe chimapangitsa mumalimba mtima ngakhale poboma. Hei, ichi ndi chinthu chabwino - musanatembenuke molimba, powonjezera mpweya wapakatikati, ndimasintha mwachangu magiya atatu, ndipo chowotchacho chikatulutsidwa pang'onopang'ono, gudumu lakumbuyo limathamanga kwambiri.

Ntchito yotsetsereka ya clutch imamveka ngati kutsetsereka pang'ono pa lever yakumanzere, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti gudumu lakumbuyo silingatseke mwadzidzidzi. Chabwino, ine ndikutanthauza kunena kuti pamene braking, zikuwoneka ngati thanki yamafuta ndi yaing'ono, kutanthauza kuchepa kwa thupi kuthandizira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti miyendo ivutike kwambiri.

Ikathamanga, panjira yokhotakhota yomwe imakwera kangapo, chiwongolero chimagwedezeka ndi mphamvu yayikulu kapena ikamasuntha kwambiri kuchokera pa giya yoyamba kupita yachiwiri, ngakhale chowotcha choyendetsedwa ndi magetsi. Chenjezo loti thupi liyenera kuthamangitsidwa patsogolo ndipo pali mphamvu zambiri zokwanira.

Zoonadi, R1 ndi zaka zopepuka zokhala chete kuposa chitsanzo cha mibadwo iwiri yapitayo, ndipo kuyerekezera kwachindunji ndi chitsanzo cha chaka chatha kudzawonetsa ngati ataya kukhazikika chifukwa cha gudumu lawo lalifupi, kapena alamu onyenga; nkovuta kuweruza diso loterolo.

Pambuyo pa maulendo anayi a mphindi 20, ndaphonya mpikisano wanga womaliza. Ngakhale kumwa malita atatu a madzi ndi zakumwa zamasewera, mutu ndi thupi lake zimatenthedwa kwambiri moti kusewera ndi apakavalo onsewa pa gudumu lakumbuyo kungakhale koopsa. Ndikadapanda kuvala chovala chodumphira poto, bwenzi "ndinamwalira" posachedwa pomwe ndimathamanga pafupifupi madigiri 40. Chifukwa chake, ndimakonda kugona pamthunzi ndikuwona Erenka yatsopano, momwe njingayo idapangidwira mokongola komanso yomanga.

Zowonadi, kupangidwa kwabwino, mbali zowoneka bwino ndi mizere yonse yachigololo yomwe mapangidwe a YZF-R1 amawonedwa ngati abwino kwambiri m'kalasi mwake. Chabwino, osati mapangidwe okha, koma kulongedza kwathunthu ndi kwabwino kwa openga. Pokhala kapena popanda kuphulika kwakukulu, pali mpikisano, kaya ndi mpikisano wapadziko lonse wa bike superbike kapena ziwerengero zamalonda m'dziko lomwe lili pansi pa Alps, mantha angakhale oyenera.

Model: Yamaha YZF R1

injini: 4-silinda pamzere, 4-sitiroko, 998 cc? , kuzirala kwamadzimadzi, mavavu 4 pa silinda, jakisoni wamafuta amagetsi.

Zolemba malire mphamvu: 133 kW (9 km) @ 182 rpm

Zolemba malire makokedwe: 115 Nm pa 5 rpm.

Kutumiza mphamvu: Kutumiza 6-liwiro, unyolo.

Chimango: aluminium, deltabox.

Mabuleki: 2 reels patsogolo? 310mm, koyilo yakumbuyo? 220 mm.

Kuyimitsidwa: kutsogolo chosinthika chosinthika telescopic foloko? 43mm, swingarm yakumbuyo komanso kugwedezeka kumodzi kosinthika.

Matayala: 120/70-17, 190/55-17.

Mpando kutalika kuchokera pansi: 835 mm.

Thanki mafuta: 18 l.

Gudumu: 1.415 mm.

Kunenepa: ndi zakumwa 206 kg.

Woimira: Gulu la Delta, Cesta krških žrtev 135a, Krško, 07/4921444, www.delta-team.com.

Chiwonetsero choyamba

Maonekedwe 5/5

Mizere yakuthwa ndi mawonekedwe amisewu oopsa ndi ofanana ndi m'badwo wakale, koma izi zitha kuonedwa ngati mwayi, popeza R1 imakhalabe imodzi mwazokongola kwambiri, ngati sichokongola kwambiri (woweruza nokha) njinga yamoto m'kalasi mwake.

Njinga 5/5

Osanenapo kuti ili ndi kugwedezeka pang'ono kogwira ntchito, inline-four ndi yabwino: yosinthika, yomvera, yamphamvu, yotumiza bwino komanso yogwira bwino.

Chitonthozo 3/5

Ngakhale kuti iyi ndi galimoto yothamanga, ulendowu ndi womasuka kwambiri. Ergonomics, kukhudzana ndi njinga yamoto ndi chitetezo cha mphepo ndi zabwino kwambiri, ndipo wokwera pampando wokhala ndi magawo ochepa amamva kukhala omasuka. Pa kutentha kwakukulu, kutentha komwe kumatuluka ku mwendo wakumanja kumavutitsa.

Mtengo 4/5

$ 13 yabwino ndi ndalama zambiri, koma dziwani kuti ndalamazo mukubweretsa kunyumba galimoto yofanana ndi Porsche GT2, ponena za mawilo anayi.

Kalasi yoyamba 5/5

Chabwino, tazolowera kale kuti mbadwo watsopano uliwonse udzakhala wothamanga, wowongoka, wabwino ... Nthawi ino zonse ziri zofanana, Yamaha yekha wapita patsogolo. Tikuyembekezera chiyeso choyerekeza cha zikwi!

Matevž Hribar, chithunzi: Yamaha