Zolemba za matayala. Kodi kuwerenga iwo?

Kuyambira pa Novembara 1, 2012, mayiko omwe ali m'bungwe la EU akhazikitsa udindo woyika chizindikiro pa matayala agalimoto onyamula anthu ndi zomata zapadera. Amafanana kwambiri ndi omwe timawadziwa kuchokera ku zida zapakhomo.

Zolembazo, kudzera pazithunzi zomveka bwino komanso masikelo ofananirako osavuta kudziwika, adapangidwa kuti athandize ogula kumvetsetsa zofunikira za matayala ndikupanga chisankho chogula mwanzeru.

Pa lebulo lililonse, timapeza zithunzi zitatu zokhala ndi zilembo kapena manambala ofotokoza mawonekedwe a tayala lililonse, zomwe ndi:

- kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a tayala (kukana kugubuduza tayala);

- kugwira tayala ndi msewu wonyowa;

- phokoso la phokoso lopangidwa ndi tayala.

Kuchuluka kwamafuta a matayala

Imadziwitsa wogula za kukana kwa tayala, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Kukwera kwamafuta amafuta kumapangitsanso kuchepa kwamafuta. Zimaganiziridwa kuti kusiyana kwa kugwiritsa ntchito matayala a "A" ndi matayala a "G" kuyenera kukhala ofunika. kupulumutsa 7,5%.

Onaninso: layisensi yoyendetsa. Kodi ndingawonere zolemba za mayeso?

Kuti tichepetse, titha kuganiza kuti ndi kuchepa kwa kalasi yamafuta ndi digiri imodzi, kusiyana kwamafuta kumawonjezeka. pafupifupi malita 0,1 pa makilomita 100 aliwonse. Choncho, matayala makalasi "A", "B" ndi "C" akhoza m'gulu kukana otsika kugubuduza ndi otsika mafuta, ndi matayala makalasi "E", "F" ndi "G" - ndi mafuta ambiri. . Gulu "D" ndi gulu lamagulu ndipo siligwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira matayala agalimoto onyamula anthu.

Kugwira matayala pamalo onyowa

Monga momwe tayala limagwirira ntchito bwino pamafuta, mphamvu yonyowa imayikidwanso m'magulu ndipo tayala lililonse limakhala ndi chilembo chake. Kugawa kwa tayala lililonse ku kalasi inayake kumachitika mwa kuyezetsa kwapadera ndikuyerekeza tayalali ndi zomwe zimatchedwa "Tayala la Reference". Kusiyana kwapafupifupi mtunda wa braking pakati pa matayala a Gulu A ndi Gulu F ndi pafupifupi 30 peresenti (Makalasi "D" ndi "G" sagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matayala apagalimoto onyamula anthu). M'malo mwake, kusiyana kwa mabuleki mtunda kuchokera ku 80 km kupita ku ziro pakati pa matayala a Class A ndi Class F pagalimoto yophatikizika yonyamula anthu. pafupifupi 18m. Izi zikutanthauza, mwachidule, kuti ndi kalasi iliyonse yotsatira, mtunda woyimitsa ukuwonjezeka. pafupifupi 3,5 m - pafupifupi kutalika kwa galimoto.

Phokoso la matayala

Pano, m'malo mwa zilembo, tili ndi chizindikiro cha mafunde atatu a phokoso ndi mlingo wa phokoso lotulutsidwa ndi tayala mu dB.

1 zikomo - amatanthauza phokoso lochepa (osachepera 3 dB pansi pa malire a Union);

2 imfa - mulingo wapakati waphokoso (kuyambira pakati pa malire a Union ndi mulingo womwe uli pansipa ndi 3 dB);

3 imfa - ikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa voliyumu (kuposa malire a EU).

Mulingo wamawu umawerengedwa pa sikelo ya logarithmic, kotero kuti 3 dB iliyonse imatanthauza kuwirikiza kawiri kwa phokoso lomwe limatulutsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti tayala lokhala ndi mafunde atatu omveka lidzakhala lokwera kanayi kuposa tayala lolembedwa ndi funde limodzi lokha.

Onaninso: Momwe mungasamalire matayala anu?