Natural pH Indicators
Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chilengedwe, osati mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma laboratories monga zizindikiro zimapeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Gulu lochuluka mofanana limapangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zili muzinthu zachilengedwe. M'mayesero angapo, tidzayesa machitidwe a zizindikiro za pH m'malo athu.
Pazoyeserera, mayankho angapo okhala ndi pH yosiyana adzafunika. Atha kupezeka pothira hydrochloric acid ndi HCl (pH 3-4% yankho ndi 0) ndi sodium hydroxide solution NaOH (4% yankho lili ndi pH ya 14). Madzi osungunuka, omwe tidzagwiritsanso ntchito, ali ndi pH ya 7 (ndale). Mu phunziroli, tidzagwiritsa ntchito madzi a beetroot, madzi a kabichi wofiira, madzi a blueberries ndi kulowetsedwa kwa tiyi.
M'machubu oyesera okhala ndi mayankho okonzedwa ndi madzi osungunuka, tsitsani madzi ofiira a beet (chithunzi 1). M'mayankho a acidic, amapeza mtundu wofiira kwambiri, munjira zopanda ndale komanso zamchere, mtunduwo umakhala wofiirira, umasanduka wachikasu (chithunzi 2). Mtundu wotsiriza ndi zotsatira za kuwonongeka kwa utoto mu malo amchere kwambiri. Chinthu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti madzi a beetroot asinthe ndi mtundu wa betanin. Kuchulukitsa kwa borscht kapena saladi ya beetroot ndi "chip" chophikira chomwe chimapatsa mbaleyo mtundu wosangalatsa.
Momwemonso, yesani madzi a kabichi wofiira (chithunzi 3). Mu yankho la asidi, madziwo amakhala ofiira owala, munjira yopanda ndale amakhala wofiirira, ndipo mumchere wamchere amakhala wobiriwira. Komanso pankhaniyi, maziko amphamvu amawola utoto - madzi omwe ali mu chubu choyesera amakhala achikasu (chithunzi 4). Zinthu zomwe zimasintha mtundu ndi anthocyanins. Kuwaza saladi ya kabichi wofiira ndi madzi a mandimu kumapereka mawonekedwe osangalatsa.
Kuyesera kwina kumafuna madzi abuluu (chithunzi 5). Mtundu wofiyira wofiyira umasintha kukhala wofiyira pamalo a acidic, kukhala wobiriwira m'malo a alkaline, ndi wachikasu m'malo amchere kwambiri (kuwola kwa utoto) (chithunzi 6). Apanso, anthocyanins ali ndi udindo wosintha mtundu wa madzi.
Kulowetsedwa kwa tiyi kungagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati yankho la pH chizindikiro (chithunzi 7). Pamaso pa ma acid, mtunduwo umakhala wachikasu, m'malo osalowerera umakhala wofiirira, ndipo m'malo amchere umakhala wofiirira (chithunzi 8). Zotumphukira za tannin ndizomwe zimapangitsa kusintha mtundu wa kulowetsedwa, kupatsa tiyi kukoma kwake kwa tart. Kuwonjezera madzi a mandimu kumapangitsa kuti mtundu wa kulowetsedwa ukhale wopepuka.
Ndikoyeneranso kudziyesa paokha ndi zizindikiro zina zachilengedwe - timadziti ambiri ndi ma decoctions a zomera amasintha mtundu chifukwa cha acidification kapena alkalization ya chilengedwe.
Onani pavidiyo:
Natural pH Indicators
