Magalimoto amagetsi ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito
M'zaka zingapo, chiwerengero cha magalimoto amagetsi onse chawonjezeka kuchoka pa osankhidwa ochepa, okwera mtengo mpaka oposa khumi ndi awiri, omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zazikuluzikulu ndi makampani atsopano omwe akubweretsa matekinoloje awo abwino ndi zatsopano ku zitsanzozi. Chifukwa teknoloji ikusintha nthawi zonse kuti ipange magalimoto abwino kwa ogula, pakhala pali malipoti ambiri otsutsana okhudza chitetezo chawo, "chobiriwira" komanso chosavuta. Ngakhale pali zinthu zambiri zofunika kuziganizira pogula galimoto, magalimoto amagetsi ndi abwino kwambiri masiku ano kuposa momwe anthu angazindikire. Kuti muwamvetse bwino, muyenera kuyamba kuyang'ana momwe magalimoto amagetsi amagwirira ntchito. Mutha kuwerengeranso ma mailosi angati omwe mungayendetse komanso mitengo yanu yabwino. Akatswiri ofufuza ku The Rideshare Guy aphatikiza chiwongolero chonse cha magalimoto amagetsi omwe amawerengera mailosi pa galoni, mitengo yagalimoto ndi mtunda wamagalimoto abwino kwambiri kwa oyendetsa ndi eni magalimoto okhala ndi maulendo ataliatali.
Choyamba, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti ngakhale magalimoto achikhalidwe ndi magalimoto amagetsi amatha kuwoneka chimodzimodzi kunja, ndi matupi ofanana, mkati, komanso mitundu yamitundu yofananira poyerekeza ndi anzawo osakanizidwa ndi mafuta, mkati mwagalimoto ndi wosiyana kwambiri. matekinoloje omwe angaperekedwe mawonekedwe aliwonse. Mosasamala kanthu za chitsanzo chenichenicho, galimoto yamagetsi nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zigawo zitatu zazikulu: malo osungira mphamvu, chipangizo chowongolera ndi magetsi. Batire yosungiramo mphamvu nthawi zambiri imakhala yokwera kwambiri, yomwe imakhala yochuluka kwambiri yomwe imakhala ndi batri lalikulu la mankhwala. Woyang'anira ndiye ubongo wa opareshoni, chipata cholowera kumayendedwe, nthawi zambiri amasintha AC kukhala DC. Chomera chamagetsi chimatembenuza mphamvu iyi kukhala kuyenda kwathupi, kuchita ngati mota yamagetsi. Imafanana kwambiri ndi injini yachikhalidwe, ngakhale nthawi zambiri imakhala yaying'ono.
Komabe, mu magalimoto amagetsi ochokera ku makampani osiyanasiyana, zigawo zikuluzikulu zitatu ndizosiyana kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, galimoto yamagetsi siyenera kukhala kutsogolo kwa galimotoyo, m'malo mwake ikhoza kuikidwa kumbuyo. Mutha kukhala ndi ma mota amagetsi angapo, ngakhale imodzi pa gudumu lililonse. Mutha kukhala ndi owongolera angapo. Chigawo chosungiramo mphamvu chikhoza kukhala batri yaikulu ya lithiamu-ion (monga mu foni yamakono), batiri la lead-acid, batire ya hydrogen mafuta, kapena teknoloji ina yatsopano. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ambiri amagetsi kumasiyana kwambiri: magawo osungira mphamvu amasiyana kwambiri. Kenako, mukawonjeza ma hybrids okhala ndi injini yosunga zoyendetsedwa ndi gasi, zovuta zina zimayamba.
M'galimoto wamba, kuphulika kwapang'onopang'ono kosasinthika, kosokoneza, kakang'ono kumachitika nthawi zonse mkati mwa injini, kutulutsa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya womwe magalimoto amagetsi samatulutsa. Galimoto yachikhalidwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yophulika mobwerezabwereza kuti ipange kuyenda. Mugalimoto yamagetsi, mukutenga mphamvu kuchokera kumalo opangira magetsi apafupi ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvuzo kuti zikuyendetseni. Ichi ndichifukwa chake magalimoto amagetsi amakhala chete mowopsa (sathamangira kuphulika kosalekeza) ndipo chifukwa chake kukhala ndi malo opangira magetsi ndikofunikira kwambiri (kuti mupeze mphamvu zambiri kuchokera kumagetsi). Eni ake ambiri amagalimoto amagetsi amasankha kukhazikitsa charger mnyumba mwawo kuti ziwathandize. Kulipiritsa kwathunthu kwa batire yagalimoto yamagetsi yokhala ndi ma 2.64 mailosi kumawononga pafupifupi $70. Kuphatikizika ndi mapanelo adzuwa padenga, mtengo wolipiritsa galimoto yamagetsi ukhoza kukhala pafupifupi ziro (ndipo nthawi zambiri mumapezanso ndalama zamisonkho). Nthawi zambiri, galimoto yamagetsi imatha kulipiritsidwa usiku wonse (pafupifupi maola asanu ndi limodzi), koma masiteshoni a Telsa a "Supercharger" amatha kulipiritsa magalimoto amagetsi pakangotha ola limodzi.
Ukadaulo watsopano wamagalimoto amagetsi umapereka mpweya wocheperako wa moyo wonse kuyambira pachibelekero mpaka kumanda, kutsika mtengo wokonza, komanso phokoso lochepa komanso kugwedezeka. Ngakhale kuti nkhawa yaikulu kwa ambiri idakali yosiyana kwambiri ndi maulendo oyendetsa tsiku ndi tsiku (chifukwa maulendo a magalimoto amenewa nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi pa 70 mailosi pa mtengo umodzi), mtengo watsika kwambiri, ndi zotsika mtengo kwambiri kuyambira pa madola 21,000 1859. . Pali chifukwa chomwe galimoto yoyamba yamagetsi idapangidwa mu XNUMX koma sinapangidwe bwino mpaka pano: kusintha ndikovuta chifukwa chazovuta kupanga masiteshoni atsopano, kukonza ukadaulo kuti ukhale womasuka kugwiritsa ntchito, ndikuganiziranso malingaliro athu ambiri. . magalimoto. Koma ngakhale kuti nthaŵi zina kupita patsogolo kumeneku kwakhala kwapang’onopang’ono, kwakhala kwabwinoko ndipo kudzapitirizabe kuwongolera m’tsogolo.
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