Galimoto yamagetsi: ntchito, zitsanzo, mitengo

Galimoto yamagetsi, yomwe imaonedwa kuti ndi yabwino kwambiri kuposa chilengedwe kuposa injini ya kutentha, ikupeza kutchuka pamsika wamagalimoto aku France. Zimagwira ntchito ndi injini yamagetsi ndi batri yomwe ikufunika kuwonjezeredwa. Ngati mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba kuposa wa galimoto yachikale, galimoto yamagetsi ndiyoyenera kulandira bonasi ya chilengedwe.

🚘 Kodi galimoto yamagetsi imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Galimoto ikathamanga ndi mafuta (dizilo kapena petulo), tikukamba za injini kutentha : Mafutawa amapangitsa kuyaka komwe kumatulutsa mphamvu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti galimoto ipite patsogolo. Ntchito ya galimoto yamagetsi imachokera pa аккумулятор и injini imaperekedwa ndi magetsi.

M'malo mowonjezera mafuta pamalo opangira mafuta, muyenera kulipiritsa galimoto yanu yamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito poyatsira kapena potengera magetsi. Magetsi amenewa amadutsa otembenuzayomwe imatembenuza makina osinthira kukhala owongolera omwe amatha kusungidwa mu batire yagalimoto yanu.

Malo ena othamangitsira mwachangu amatha kusintha magetsi okha kuti mutha kupereka mwachindunji batire yomwe ikufunika nthawi zonse.

Batire ya galimoto yanu yamagetsi ili ndi mphamvu 15 mpaka 100 kilowatt maola (kWh)... Mphamvu imeneyi imatumizidwa ku galimoto yamagetsi ya galimoto, kumene chinthu chotchedwa stator imapanga mphamvu ya maginito. Izi zimakulolani kuzungulira rotor, yomwe imatumiza kumayendedwe ake kumawilo, nthawi zina mwachindunji, koma nthawi zambiri kudzera chochepetsera zomwe zimayendetsa torque ndi liwiro lozungulira.

Galimoto yamagetsi imathanso kupanga magetsi payokha. Injini imachita izi mukaphwanya kapena kusiya kukanikiza accelerator. Tikukamba za regenerative ananyema... Mwanjira imeneyi, mumapanga magetsi osungidwa mu batri.

Chifukwa chake, kutumiza kwagalimoto yamagetsi sikuphatikiza: ayizowalamulira ngakhale Kufalitsagalimoto yamagetsi imatha kuzungulira pa liwiro la makumi angapo masauzande osintha pa mphindi imodzi. Ngakhale injini yotenthetsera imayenera kusintha kayendedwe ka pistoni kukhala kasinthasintha, izi sizili choncho pagalimoto yamagetsi.

Chifukwa chake, mota yanu yamagetsi ilibe lamba wanthawi, mafuta a injini ndi ma pistoni.

🔍 Galimoto yamagetsi kapena hybrid?

La galimoto ya haibridi, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, ndi pakati pa sitima ya dizilo ndi galimoto yamagetsi. Choncho, ali okonzeka ndi osachepera два AMAMOTO : matenthedwe ndi injini imodzi yamagetsi. Mulinso batire.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto osakanizidwa, ena omwe amalipira ngati magalimoto amagetsi. Ubwino wake ndikuti umadya zochepa kuposa injini yotentha (2 L / 100 Km pafupifupi 100% plug-in hybrid galimoto) ndikupanga CO2 yochepa.

Komabe, kuchuluka kwa galimoto yamagetsi mugalimoto yosakanizidwa ndi yayifupi kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri ndiyoyenera kuyendetsa galimoto m'tauni komwe mabuleki amalola kuti mphamvu zamagetsi zibwezeretsedwe. Pomaliza, galimoto ya haibridi nthawi zonse siyeneranso kugula bonasi, chifukwa imatengedwa kuti ndi yosakonda zachilengedwe kuposa galimoto yamagetsi.

🌍 Galimoto yamagetsi: yobiriwira kapena ayi?

Chikhalidwe cha chilengedwe cha magalimoto amagetsi chakhala chotsutsana kwambiri. Zowonadi, galimoto yamagetsi imagwiritsa ntchito magetsi ndipo imadziwonjezeranso pang'ono. Choncho, iye safuna mafuta - osowa zinthu zakale gwero. Kuphatikiza apo, kupanga kwa CO2 kokhudzana ndi magetsi ndikotsika kwambiri pafupifupi magalamu khumi pa kilomita imodzi.

Komabe, tiyenera kupanga galimoto iyi, makamaka, batire ake. Komabe, batire yagalimoto yamagetsi imakhala ndi lithiamu, cobalt ndi manganese, zitsulo zosawerengeka zomwe mlingo wa chilengedwe ndi wofunikira kwambiri. Lithium, makamaka, imachokera ku South America.

Kutulutsa lithiamu iyi imaipitsa kwambiri nthaka... Cobalt imachokera ku Africa ndipo makamaka kuchokera ku Congo, yomwe imapereka 60% ya dziko lapansi ndipo ikhoza kukhala yofanana ndi ufumu wa mafuta ... mtundu wamagetsi.

Kupatula kuipitsidwa kwa nthaka ndi zotsatira za thanzi zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi migodi yazitsulo izi, kupanga ndi kusonkhanitsa magalimoto amagetsi sikuli bwino kwambiri ndi chilengedwe. Amatulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha kuposa injini ya kutentha, mwa zina chifukwa cha batri.

Chifukwa chake, ADEME yawonetsa kuti ndikofunikira 120 MJ kupanga galimoto yamagetsi, pafupifupi 70 MJ kwa injini yamoto. Pomaliza, pali funso la kubwezeretsanso batire.

Pazimenezi tiyeneranso kuwonjezera kuti m'mayiko ambiri, kuphatikizapo France, magetsi amapangidwabe makamaka m'mafakitale a nyukiliya kapena malasha, monga momwe zinalili ku China. Chifukwa chake, izi zimabweretsanso mpweya wa CO2.

Choncho, mochuluka kapena mocheperapo, galimoto yamagetsi ndi gwero la kuipitsa kwakukulu kwambiri. Zidzatengera kusintha kwaukadaulo kuti batire lake lisiye kupanga monga momwe likuchitira masiku ano. Komabe, injini yake sichitulutsa ma nitrogen oxides kapena tinthu tating'onoting'ono... Kuyendetsa kwanthawi yayitali kumathandizanso kuthana ndi zovuta zachilengedwe zomwe zimapangidwira pakapita nthawi.

Kuonjezera apo, kukonza galimoto yamagetsi kumakhala kochepa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ziwalo zina zofunika kuvala monga lamba wa nthawi. Kuphatikiza apo, galimoto yamagetsi imafuna kutsika pang'ono, komwe kungapangitse moyo wa pads ndi ma brake discs. Izi zimachepetsa l'' chilengedwekukonza galimoto yanu ... ndipo ndalama zochepa.

⚡ Kodi galimoto yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?

Kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto yamagetsi kumayesedwa mu kilowatt-maola pa zana la kilomita. Muyenera kudziwa kuti izi zimasiyana kwambiri ndi galimoto kupita ku galimoto, kulemera kwake, injini ndi batire. Avereji yogwiritsira ntchito galimoto yamagetsi ndipafupifupi 15 kWh / 100 Km.

Mwachitsanzo, Audi e-Tron amalemera matani 2,5 ndipo amadya pa 20 kWh / 100 Km. Kumbali ina, galimoto yaing'ono yamagetsi ngati "Renault Twizy" amagwiritsa ntchito zosakwana 10 kWh / 100 Km.

🔋 Kodi mungalipiritse bwanji galimoto yamagetsi?

Pali njira zingapo zolipirira galimoto yamagetsi:

• Powonjezerera ;
• Mabokosi a Wall ;
• Zopangira zapakhomo.

Galimoto yamagetsi imawonjezeredwa pang'ono poyendetsa galimoto chifukwa cha braking regenerative, koma kuti mupeze kudziyimira pawokha, imayenera kulipitsidwa kuchokera pa mains. Kuti muchite izi, muli ndi mitundu ingapo ya chingwe chomwe chimakulolani kuti mulumikize classic wall outlet kapena Bokosi la khoma mwapadera kuti azilipira kunyumba.

Pomaliza, mwatero zolipiritsa anthu pagalimoto yanu yamagetsi. Pali masauzande angapo a iwo ku France, ndipo akuyesetsabe kukhala ademokalase. Mudzazipeza mumzinda kapena pamalo okwerera magalimoto pamsewu.

Malo oimika magalimoto apagulu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi malo oyikira aulere pagalimoto yanu yamagetsi, koma muyenera kulipira kuyimitsidwa. Malo ambiri amsewu amagwira ntchito ndi khadi.

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kulipiritsa galimoto yamagetsi?

Nthawi yolipirira galimoto yanu yamagetsi imadalira galimotoyo ndi batri yake, komanso mtundu wa kulipira komwe mumasankha ndi mphamvu zake. Kuti mutengere galimoto yamagetsi kuchokera panyumba, mufunika usiku umodzi.

Ndi Wallbox count 3 mpaka 15 maola kutengera mphamvu yake, batire yanu ndi chingwe chomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito. Pamalo opangira anthu ambiri, nthawi ino imachepetsedwa ndi 2 kapena 3. Pomaliza, malo othamangitsira mwachangu amakulolani kuti muzitha kuyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi. pasanathe ola limodzi.

Ndindalama zingati kutchajanso galimoto yamagetsi?

Mtengo wa recharging galimoto yamagetsi zimadalira mphamvu ya batire. Pa batire ya 50 kWh, werengerani pafupifupi 10 €... Zidzakhala zotsika mtengo kwa inu kulipira EV yanu kunyumba, makamaka ngati mwasankha mgwirizano wamagetsi opangidwira eni eni a EV, monga momwe mavenda ena amanenera.

Pankhaniyi, muyenera kulipiritsa galimoto yanu yamagetsi. pafupifupi 2 € kwa batire kuchokera 15 mpaka 20 kWh, kutengera mtengo wamagetsi, womwe umasinthasintha kawiri kapena katatu pachaka.

🚗 Ndi galimoto iti yamagetsi yomwe mungasankhe?

Kusankha galimoto yamagetsi zimatengera bajeti yanu yogwiritsira ntchito... Ngati mukuyenera kugunda msewu, muyenera kulunjika chitsanzo chokhala ndi ufulu wambiri, zomwe zimalepheretsa kwambiri kufufuza kwanu.

Pakati pa magalimoto amagetsi omwe amakulolani kuyenda mtunda wautali, Tesla Model 3 ndi ma supercharger omwe amaikidwa ndi wopanga adzakwaniritsa zomwe mukufuna. Mutha kukwezanso galimoto yamagetsi ngati Hyundai ndi Kia, yomwe ili ndi batri. 64 kWh... Pomaliza, Volkswagen kapena Volvo XC40 nawonso kutalika kwa 400 km.

Magalimoto amagetsi opitilira makumi atatu akupezeka ku France. Renault Zoé akadali mtsogoleri wamsika, patsogolo pa Peugeot e-208 ndi Tesla Model 3.

💰 Kodi galimoto yamagetsi ndi ndalama zingati?

Mitengo yamagalimoto amagetsi yatsika ndi demokalase yaukadaulo komanso kuchuluka kwa zitsanzo. Ena a iwo tsopano ndi okwera mtengo pang'ono kusiyana ndi matenthedwe ofanana nawo. Ndipo chifukwa cha bonasi ya chilengedwe, mutha kugula galimoto yatsopano yamagetsi. pafupifupi 17 euros.

Inde, mutha kugulanso galimoto yamagetsi yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mulipire pang'ono, koma simungathe kupeza bonasi yogula yomweyi.

Kuti mutengepo mwayi pamtengowo pogula galimoto yamagetsi, muyenera kukumana ndi CO2 emission threshold (50 g / km, palibe vuto pagalimoto yamagetsi ya 100%). Galimoto iyi iyenera kukhala новый ndipo amafunika kugula kapena kubwereka kwa nthawi yayitali osachepera zaka 2.

Pankhaniyi, kuchuluka kwa bonasi zachilengedwe zimadalira mtengo wa galimoto yanu yamagetsi.

Mukataya galimoto yanu yakale komanso ngati mukukumana ndi zikhalidwe, mukhoza kuwonjezera kutembenuka bonasi bonasi yachilengedwe yomwe imakulolani kuti mupulumutse kwambiri pamtengo wagalimoto yanu yamagetsi. Mwanjira iyi mutha kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto yanu yatsopano yamagetsi motsika mtengo!

Tsopano mukudziwa zonse za galimoto yamagetsi: momwe imagwirira ntchito, momwe ingatherenso, ngakhale mtengo wake. Ngati kukonza kwake kuli kochepa kuposa kwa galimoto yotentha, muyenera kuchita ndi katswiri wovomerezeka chifukwa cha batri ndi galimoto yamagetsi. Pitani kufananiza garaja yathu kuti mupeze katswiri!