Zida za ma electromagnetic microwave Gawo. imodzi
Electromagnetic zida mu microwave
Kufalikira komanso kuchulukirachulukira kwakugwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi pazida zamakono kumatanthauza kuti kwazaka zopitilira khumi, magulu ankhondo onse padziko lapansi akhala akugwiritsa ntchito kapena akuyesetsa njira zoyenera zothanirana nazo - zida za microwave electromagnetic zomwe zimawononga kapena kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito. zida zonse zamagetsi zimamangidwa mu zida zilizonse zankhondo. Simungathe kudziteteza ku zotsatira zake, ndipo mungayesere kuchepetsa zotsatira zake mwa kumanga chitetezo choyenera mu zipangizo zanu.
Nkhaniyi ikupereka njira zosiyanasiyana zomenyera nkhondo ndi zida zaukadaulo zochitira ma electromagnetic zomwe sizingagwirizane ndi zida zamutu. Ikufotokozanso momwe mungatetezere zida zanu kuzinthu zoterezi. Mitundu yambiri ya zida zankhondo zatsopano ikumangidwa ku Poland, koma, mwatsoka, ngakhale miyeso yoyambira yodzitchinjiriza ku zotsatira za zida zamagetsi sizinaphatikizidwemo, ndipo zida izi zizigwiritsidwa ntchito kwazaka zopitilira khumi ndi ziwiri, kapena zaka makumi angapo, ndipo ngati itenga nawo mbali pankhondo iliyonse yamakono, iyenera kuwukiridwa ndi zida zotsogola kwambiri za ma elekitiroma. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito ku maulendo oyendayenda ndi mikangano ya asymmetric, chifukwa zida zoterezi zingakhale zophweka kwambiri, zomwe zimapangidwira zomwe zimatchedwa. kunyumba, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kwadziwika kale m'mikangano ku Middle East.
Electromagnetic zida mu microwave
Directed Energy Weapons (DEW) ndi Radio Frequency Directed Energy Weapons (RF-DEW)
Zida zamagetsi za Microwave ndizowopsa osati pabwalo lankhondo lokha. Ndizodziwika bwino kuti zida zankhondo ndi magalimoto omenyera nkhondo zili ndi zida zamagetsi zotsogola zomwe zimapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito mwayi watsopano. Choncho, kuukira kopambana komwe kumasokoneza ntchito yawo yolondola nthawi zambiri kumawathandiza kuti athetsedwe bwino. Pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito nkhondo zamagetsi (EW - Electronic Warfare) kwafalikira. Choncho, n’zosadabwitsa kuti mayiko ambiri otukuka mwankhondo akupanga njira zawozawo ndi matekinoloje awo kuti atetezedwe ndi ma electromagnetic.
Kumbali ina, "Directed Energy Weapons" (DEWs) ndi zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, laser ndi ma acoustic potengera kuthamanga kwa tinthu. M'nkhaniyi, kupatulapo zochepa, tingoyang'ana pa zida zamphamvu zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi wailesi (RF-GNE), zomwe zimagunda zomwe zimagunda popanga ma voltages owononga ndi mafunde komanso zotsatira zamafuta am'deralo chifukwa cha kukhudzidwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mafunde. mtengo. minda yamagetsi yamagetsi yokhala ndi nsonga zapamwamba komanso mphamvu, mazana mpaka masauzande ambiri kuposa zida zankhondo zamagetsi, kwanthawi yochepa kwambiri - kuchokera ku yaying'ono mpaka ma milliseconds (chithunzi pansipa).
Ntchito ya RF-ROSA ndikuwononga chandamale kapena kusokoneza kosasinthika kwa zida kapena zinthu zake zomwe zili ndi zida zamagetsi ndi zida (machitidwe a C4ISR, ma wayilesi, zophonya ndi zoyambitsa zawo, masensa osiyanasiyana ndi makina optoelectronic, etc. .), popanda kufunika kwa iwo kuzindikira molondola. Pambuyo pa kuthetsedwa kwa kuwonetsa kwa RF-DEW, zida zowukira zimakhala zosagwiritsidwa ntchito kwamuyaya.
M'munda wa zida zamagetsi, pali mawu ndi mawu ambiri. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndikulekanitsa malingaliro ankhondo yamagetsi / zida zamagetsi (zida) ndi zida zamagetsi. Zida za EW zimapangidwira kupanikizana (chete) zida zina zamagetsi ndikugwira ntchito, monga lamulo, pa mphamvu yochepa, pa dongosolo la 1 kW, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowonongeka kwambiri za wailesi. Ntchito yake ndi kuletsa mdani kugwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zake zamagetsi, pamene panthaŵi imodzimodziyo amatetezera luso la zipangizo zake zogwirira ntchito. Machitidwe a EW ndi ovuta kwambiri komanso okwera mtengo chifukwa cha: mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zolinga, kufunikira kozindikira molondola ma algorithms awo ogwirira ntchito musanawukire, ndi njira zowaphwanya. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimatchedwa electronic camouflage sikuthandiza kwenikweni pamakina anzeru amagetsi. Kutengera kutulutsa kwamagetsi amagetsi, amatha kudziwa komwe kuli ma subunits, komanso kuzindikira mtundu wawo (mwachitsanzo, pozindikira ndi kuwerengera magwero a radiation omwe ali mdera lomwe laperekedwa) ndi ntchito yomwe ikuchitika (mwachitsanzo, powunika. kusintha kwa malo omwe magwero a radiation). Kwa nthawi yayitali pankhondo, zomwe zimatchedwa WRE, palibe "thandizo lamagetsi" (Electronic Warfare Support, mwachitsanzo, kuzindikira kwapang'onopang'ono kwa ma radiation a electromagnetic kuti adziwe zambiri za mdani) ndi "kuukira kwamagetsi" (Electronic Attack - yogwira kapena yongokhala chete. kugwiritsa ntchito ma radiation a electromagnetic otsika mphamvu kuti apewe kugwiritsa ntchito ma radiation amtunduwu ndi mdani), komanso "chitetezo chamagetsi" (chitetezo chamagetsi). Chitetezo ndi, monga lamulo, mitundu yonse ya ntchito zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu ya mdani kuchita ntchito zothandizira pakompyuta ndi kuukira. Nthawi zambiri, mbali zotsutsana zimagwiritsa ntchito njira zapamwamba zodzitetezera kuti asadziwike ndi kufufuza (ECM - Electronic Countermeasure) kapena zotsutsana ndi mdani ECM (Electronic Counter-Countermeasure).
Zochitika zazikulu zitatu pamakampani opanga zida zamagetsi zomwe zikuyenda bwino zapangitsa kuti padziko lonse lapansi pakhale chidwi chogwiritsa ntchito zida za RF-DEW pabwalo lankhondo. Choyamba, kupita patsogolo pakupanga magetsi a DC ndi ma cell okhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, komanso kupanga ma jenereta amphamvu kwambiri amagetsi amagetsi mumitundu ya microwave. Mfundo yachiwiri ndi kuchulukirachulukira kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi atsopano ndi zida zake zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pankhondo. Izi zimayambitsidwa, mwa zina, ndi kukula kocheperako kwa ma transistors, makamaka mtundu wa MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor), kuchuluka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa ma semiconductors mumayendedwe ophatikizika (lamulo la Moore) komanso kutsika kwamphamvu kwamagetsi voteji ya ma transistors mu ma microprocessors (pakadali pano pafupifupi 1 V), ma frequency awo ogwiritsira ntchito ali mumtundu wa gigahertz ndipo kulumikizana opanda zingwe kukufalikira. Chinthu chachitatu ndi kudalira kwakukulu kwa msinkhu wa zida zamakono zomwe zangopangidwa kumene pa zipangizo zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa izo. Chifukwa chake, RF-DEW imatha kuwononga kapena kuletsa zida zatsopano. Kumbali ina, chida chamtunduwu chiyenera kuphatikizidwa ndikusunthira pamapulatifomu omwe amatsutsana ndi zotsatira zake zowononga.
