ECU ndi chiyani? Electronic control unit ya injini yamagalimoto

ECU - gawo lamagetsi lamagetsi la injini yagalimoto, dzina lake lina ndi wowongolera. Imalandila zidziwitso kuchokera ku masensa ambiri, imayiyendetsa molingana ndi ma aligorivimu apadera ndipo, kutengera zomwe zalandilidwa, imatulutsa malamulo kwa oyendetsa makinawo.

Chigawo chamagetsi chamagetsi ndi gawo lofunikira pa makina oyendetsa galimoto, nthawi zonse amasinthanitsa deta ndi zigawo zina za dongosolo: anti-lock braking system, transmission automatic, kukhazikika kwa galimoto ndi chitetezo, kuyendetsa maulendo, kuwongolera nyengo.

Kusinthana kwa chidziwitso kumachitika kudzera pa basi ya CAN, yomwe imaphatikiza makina onse amagetsi ndi digito agalimoto yamakono kukhala netiweki imodzi.

Chifukwa cha njirayi, ndizotheka kukhathamiritsa ntchito ya injini: kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, mpweya, mphamvu, torque, etc.

Ntchito zazikulu za ECU ndi:

• kasamalidwe ndi kuwongolera jekeseni wamafuta mu injini za jakisoni;
• kuyatsa;
• kuwongolera nthawi ya valve;
• kuwongolera ndi kukonza kutentha kwa injini yozizira;
• throttle position control;
• kusanthula kapangidwe ka mpweya wotulutsa mpweya;
• kuyang'anira kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka gasi wotulutsa mpweya.

Kuphatikiza apo, wowongolera amalandira chidziwitso chokhudza malo ndi liwiro la crankshaft, kuthamanga kwagalimoto komwe kulipo, komanso mphamvu yamagetsi pamayendedwe apagalimoto agalimoto. ECU ilinso ndi njira yodziwira matenda ndipo, ngati izindikira zolakwika kapena zolephera zilizonse, imadziwitsa mwiniwake za iwo pogwiritsa ntchito batani la Check-Engine.

Cholakwika chilichonse chili ndi code yake ndipo ma code awa amasungidwa muchipangizo chokumbukira.

Pochita zowunikira, akatswiri amalumikiza chipangizo chojambulira kwa wowongolera kudzera pa cholumikizira, pazenera lomwe ma code onse olakwika amawonetsedwa, komanso chidziwitso cha momwe injiniyo ilili.

Electronic injini control unit.

Woyang'anira ndi bolodi lamagetsi lomwe lili ndi microprocessor ndi chipangizo chokumbukira chomwe chili mu pulasitiki kapena chitsulo. Pamlanduwo pali zolumikizira zolumikizira ku netiweki yapagalimoto yagalimoto ndi chipangizo chojambulira. ECU nthawi zambiri imayikidwa mu chipinda cha injini kapena kutsogolo kwa dashboard kumbali ya okwera, kuseri kwa chipinda cha glove. Malangizo ayenera kusonyeza malo a woyang'anira.

Kwa ntchito yabwinobwino, mitundu ingapo ya kukumbukira imagwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo lowongolera:

• PROM - kukumbukira pulogalamu yowerengera-yokha - ili ndi mapulogalamu akuluakulu ndi magawo a injini;
• RAM - kukumbukira mwachisawawa, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mndandanda wonse wazinthu, kupulumutsa zotsatira zapakatikati;
• EEPROM - chipangizo chogwiritsira ntchito magetsi - chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga zidziwitso zosiyanasiyana zosakhalitsa: zizindikiro zolowera ndi maloko, komanso kuwerenga zambiri za mileage, nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito injini, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta.

Pulogalamu ya ECU ili ndi ma module awiri: ogwira ntchito ndi olamulira. Yoyamba ili ndi udindo wolandira deta ndikuyikonza, imatumiza ma pulses ku zipangizo zopangira. Gawo lowongolera limayang'anira kulondola kwa ma siginecha omwe akubwera kuchokera ku masensa ndipo, pozindikira kuti pali kusiyana kulikonse ndi magawo omwe atchulidwa, amatenga zowongolera kapena kutsekereza injiniyo.

Kusintha kwa pulogalamu ya ECU kungapangidwe kokha kumalo ovomerezeka ovomerezeka.

Kufunika kwa reprogramming kungabwere pamene chip ikukonzekera injini kuti iwonjezere mphamvu zake ndikuwongolera mawonekedwe aukadaulo. Izi zitha kuchitika kokha ndi mapulogalamu ovomerezeka. Komabe, opanga magalimoto amazengereza kwambiri kugawana nawo chidziwitsochi, chifukwa sizowakomera kuti ogwiritsa ntchito asinthe makonzedwe okha.

Kukonza makompyuta ndi kusintha.

Ngati wolamulira akulephera kapena sakugwira ntchito moyenera, ndiye choyamba akuwonetsedwa muzolephera pakugwira ntchito kwa injini, ndipo nthawi zina kutsekeka kwake kwathunthu. Check Engine ikhoza kuwonetsa cholakwika chomwe sichingachotsedwe. Zifukwa zazikulu zakulephera kwa ECU ndi:

• kuchulukirachulukira, kukhudzidwa kwafupipafupi;
• mphamvu ya zinthu zakunja - chinyezi, dzimbiri, kugwedezeka, kugwedezeka.

Kuphatikiza apo, microprocessor iliyonse imatha kutentha ngati dongosolo lozizirira likulephera.

Kukonza, komanso kusinthidwa kwa unit control sikudzakhala wotsika mtengo. Njira yabwino ndiyo kugula unit yatsopano. Kuti mutenge, muyenera kudziwa magawo onse a makinawo. Ndikofunikiranso kupanga zoikamo zolondola. Kompyutayo imagwira ntchito ngati ilandila zidziwitso kuchokera ku masensa onse ndikusunga mulingo wabwinobwino wamagetsi pamaneti.

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