Imasuta injini ya dizilo - utsi wakuda, woyera ndi imvi

Injini yoyatsira mkati imatchedwa chifukwa chosakanikirana ndi mpweya wamafuta zimayaka mkati mwake, ndipo, monga mukudziwa, utsi ndi phulusa zimangobwera chifukwa cha kuyaka. Ngati injini ya dizilo kapena petulo ikuyenda bwino, ndiye kuti palibe zinthu zambiri zoyaka moto zomwe zimapangika, utsi wowoneka bwino wopanda mithunzi umatuluka mutoliro lotulutsa.

Ngati tiwona utsi woyera-imvi kapena wakuda, ndiye kuti ndi umboni wa kuwonongeka kwa injini.

Nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwerenga m'mabuku osiyanasiyana pamitu yamagalimoto yomwe makina odziwa zambiri amatha kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa kuwonongeka ndi mtundu wamagetsi. Tsoka ilo, izi sizowona, mtundu wa utsi udzangonena njira yonse yofufuzira, ndipo kuzindikira kwathunthu kungathandize kupeza chifukwa chenicheni cha utsi wochuluka mu injini ya dizilo.

Ndikoyenera kunena kuti sayenera kuchedwa ndi matenda, chifukwa kusintha kwa mtundu wa utsi kumasonyeza mavuto mu ntchito ya injini, dongosolo mafuta, turbine, mpope mafuta kapena machitidwe ena.

Kumangitsa kwina kudzabweretsa ndalama zokonzekera zosayembekezereka.

Malo abwino kuyaka kwa mafuta-mpweya osakaniza

Kuti apange zinthu zoyaka pang'ono momwe zingathere, izi ziyenera kuchitika mu silinda ya injini ya dizilo:

• ubwino wa atomization wa mafuta dizilo jekeseni mu kuyaka chipinda kudzera nozzles jekeseni;
• kupereka mpweya wofunikira;
• kutentha kunasungidwa pa mlingo wofunidwa;
• ma pistoni adapanga mphamvu yofunikira pakuwotcha mpweya - chiŵerengero cha psinjika;
• zinthu za kusakaniza kwathunthu kwa mafuta ndi mpweya.

Ngati chimodzi mwazinthu izi sichinakwaniritsidwe, ndiye kuti kusakaniza sikudzawotcha kwathunthu, motero, padzakhala phulusa ndi ma hydrocarboni mu utsi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa utsi mu injini ya dizilo ndi izi:

• mpweya wochepa;
• ngodya yolakwika;
• mafuta alibe atomized bwino;
• mafuta a dizilo otsika, okhala ndi zonyansa komanso sulfure wambiri, nambala yotsika ya cetane.

Kusaka zolakwika

Nthawi zambiri zokwanira kuthetsa vuto sinthani fyuluta ya mpweya. Sefa yotsekeka ya mpweya imalepheretsa mpweya kulowa m'njira zambirimbiri.

Utsi wakuda wochokera ku chitoliro chotulutsa utsi udzasonyeza kuti ndi nthawi yoti musinthe, kapena kupyola, fyuluta ya mpweya. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka kwambiri, chifukwa chiwerengero china sichimawotcha, koma chimatulutsidwa pamodzi ndi mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. Ndipo ngati muli ndi turbine, ndiye kuti kusinthidwa mosayembekezereka kwa fyuluta ya mpweya kungayambitse kulephera kwake, chifukwa tinthu tating'ono tating'ono tambiri timeneti tidzakhala mu turbine ngati mwaye.

Kusintha fyuluta ya mpweya nthawi zambiri ndiyo njira yokhayo yothetsera vutoli. Patapita kanthawi, utsiwo umasanduka wakuda kachiwiri mpaka pafupifupi wopanda mtundu. Ngati izi sizikuthandizani, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyang'ana mozama chifukwa chake.

Ndi mpweya wakuthwa, mtundu wa utsi ukhoza kusintha kukhala wakuda. Mwinamwake uwu ndi umboni wakuti ma nozzles atsekedwa ndipo mafuta osakaniza samapopera kwathunthu. Ndi umboninso wa nthawi yoyambirira ya jakisoni. Poyamba, m'pofunika kuyeretsa jekeseni, kachiwiri, fufuzani ngati masensa amafuta akugwira ntchito moyenera. Chifukwa cha zovuta zoterezi, kutentha kumakwera mofulumira, zomwe zingayambitse kupsa mtima kwa pistoni, milatho ndi prechambers.

Utsi wakuda Zingasonyezenso kuti mafuta ochokera ku turbocharger amalowa muzitsulo. Kuwonongekaku kumatha kukhala mu turbocharger yokha, mukuvala kwa turbine shaft zisindikizo. Utsi wokhala ndi mafuta osakaniza ukhoza kukhala ndi utoto wabuluu. Kuyendetsa kwa nthawi yayitali pa injini yotereyi kumakhala ndi mavuto aakulu. Mutha kudziwa kukhalapo kwa mafuta mu utsi m'njira yosavuta - yang'anani chitoliro chotulutsa, choyenera chiyenera kukhala choyera, pang'ono mwaye amaloledwa. Ngati muwona slurry wamafuta, ndiye kuti mafuta amalowa m'masilinda ndipo muyenera kuchitapo kanthu nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati itsika kuchokera ku chitoliro utsi waimvi ndipo pali ma dips mu traction, ndiye kuti vuto limakhudzana ndi mpope wowonjezera, womwe uli ndi udindo wopereka mafuta kuchokera ku tanki kupita kumafuta a dizilo. Utsi wa buluu ukhoza kusonyezanso kuti imodzi mwa masilindala sakugwira ntchito bwino, kupanikizika kumachepetsedwa.

Ngati zimachokera ku chitoliro Utsi woyera, ndiye chifukwa chake mwina chifukwa chake ndi kulowa kwa koziziritsa m'masilinda. Condensation imatha kupanga pa muffler, ndipo mwa kusasinthika kwake ndi kukoma kwake mutha kudziwa ngati ndi antifreeze kapena ayi. Mulimonsemo, matenda athunthu adzakhala yankho labwino.

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