Injini ya Toyota ndi
Zamkatimu
Kutengera Toyota Vitz hatchback ndi yomangidwa pa NBC multi-platform, Toyota is (ogulitsidwa ndi zilembo zocheperako "i") ndi galimoto ya B-class subcompact. Imatumizidwa ku US pansi pa Toyota sub-brands Scion xA ndi Scion xD, ku Middle East monga Toyota xA, ndi ku Europe ndi Latin America monga Urban Cruiser (m'badwo wachiwiri ist).
Ku Japan komweko, galimotoyo imatha kugulidwa ku Toyota NETZ ndi Toyopet Store.
Mibadwo ndi zosintha
Toyota ist compact five door hatchback ndi galimoto yachisanu ndi chimodzi yomangidwa ndi Vitz monga chitsanzo chake, yopangidwa ngati galimoto yodzaza ndi mawonekedwe akunja komanso kusinthasintha. Galimotoyi inali ndi injini za 1.3-lita (FWD) kapena 1.5-lita (FWD kapena 4WD), zotumizirana ndi Super ECT. Pakati pa 2005, chitsanzocho chinasinthidwanso (XP60).
Mzere wa m'badwo wachiwiri ist (XP110) udasinthidwanso kwambiri - panali milingo yocheperako, koma zida zidakula bwino. Ist yachiwiri, yomwe idakhala yofanana kwambiri ndi "Toyota Yaris / Vitz" ya zitseko zisanu, idapangidwa makamaka kugulitsa ku United States. Koma m'malo mokhala mtundu watsopano wa xA, galimotoyo idatchedwa xD. Kusiyana kwenikweni pakati pa ist ndi xD ndikosiyana koyang'ana kutsogolo. Ku Europe ndi Latin America, idagulitsidwa ngati Urban Cruiser, komanso kutsogolo kosiyana pang'ono.
Ku Japan, m'badwo wachiwiri umaperekedwa m'makalasi a 2, omwe ndi 150G ndi 150X, ndipo anali ndi chosinthira cha Super CVT-i (cha 1NZ-FE power unit). Chopereka chimodzi chowoneka bwino cha mtundu woyendetsedwa ndi 1NZ chinali kusankha kwa AWD, komwe kunalibe ku US kwa xD. Kuphatikiza apo, console yapakati idaperekedwa mu Chijapani, osati US xD.
Mwina chofunika kwambiri pa zisankho zambiri zosintha za omwe adalenga Ist 2 chinali kukana injini yoyaka mkati ya 1.3-lita yamphamvu, ndi kusintha kwathunthu kumagulu akuluakulu amphamvu, omwe anali oyenerera kwa subcompact wamkulu. Pakusinthidwa kwa magudumu onse, injini ya lita imodzi ndi theka ya 1NZ-FE yokhala ndi CVT imawonetsa mphamvu ya 103 hp, ndipo kutsogolo kwa gudumu - 109 hp. Mu 2009, makonda a 1NZ-FE adakonzedwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito bwino mafuta. Mu mode 10/15 galimoto anayamba kudya malita 0.2 a petulo (pa 100 Km).
Kwa seti yathunthu ya 180G (2008 mtsogolo), unsembe wa 1.8-lita - in-line 4-cylinder DOHC injini, yopangidwa pansi pa nambala ya 2ZR-FE (250 Nm / 4800 rpm) yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 132 hp.
Ndi chipangizochi, mphamvu yeniyeniyo inakula, ndipo mphamvuzo zinasintha. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta mu 10/15 mode kunayamba kukhala malita 6.5 pa "zana". Toyota ist yokhala ndi 2ZR-FE inali ndi ma transmission okha okha ndipo inali ndi ma gudumu akutsogolo. Kusintha kwapamwamba kwa 180G kunaperekedwa mpaka August 2010. Kupanga kwa m'badwo wachiwiri kunamalizidwa mu 2016.
1NZ-FE
Banja la NZ lamagetsi otsika kwambiri adayamba kupangidwa mu 1999. Mndandandawu unaphatikizapo 1.5-lita 1NZ ndi 1.3-lita 2NZ. Mafotokozedwe a mayunitsi a NZ ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi magulu akuluakulu amphamvu a banja la ZZ. Ma injiniwo adalandira chipika chofanana cha aluminiyamu chosasinthika, makina a VVTi pa camshaft yolowera, unyolo wopyapyala wa mzere umodzi, ndi zina zotero. Panalibe zonyamula ma hydraulic pa 1NZ mpaka 2004.
1NZ-FE ndiye injini yoyamba komanso yoyambira ya banja la 1NZ. Zapangidwa kuyambira 2000 mpaka pano.
| 1NZ-FE | |
|---|---|
| Vuto, cm3 | 1496 |
| Mphamvu, hp | 103-119 |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito, l / 100 Km | 4.9-8.8 |
| Silinda Ø, mm | 72.5-75 |
| SS | 10.5-13.5 |
| HP, mm | 84.7-90.6 |
| Zithunzi | Allex; Miliyoni; wa khutu; bb Corolla (Axio, Fielder, Rumion, Runx, Spacio); kulira; Funcargo; ndi Platz; Porte; Choyamba; Probox; Pambuyo pa mpikisano; Raum; Khalani pansi; Lupanga; Kupambana; Vitz; Kodi Cypha; Will VS; Yaris |
| Resource, kunja. km | 200 + |
2NZ-FE
Mphamvu ya 2NZ-FE ndi kopi yeniyeni ya 1NZ-FE ICE yakale, koma ndi sitiroko ya crankshaft idachepetsedwa mpaka 73.5 mm. Pansi pa bondo laling'ono, magawo a 2NZ cylinder block adachepetsedwanso, ndipo ndodo yolumikizira ndi gulu la pistoni inasinthidwanso, motero galimoto yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 1.3 malita inapezedwa. Apo ayi, iwo ali chimodzimodzi injini.
| 2NZ-FE | |
|---|---|
| Vuto, cm3 | 1298 |
| Mphamvu, hp | 87-88 |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito, l / 100 Km | 4.9-6.4 |
| Silinda Ø, mm | 75 |
| SS | 11 |
| HP, mm | 74-85 |
| Zithunzi | bb; Belta; corolla; funcargo; ndi; Malo; porte probox; vitz; Kodi Cypha; Kodi Vi |
| Resource, kunja. km | 300 + |
2 ZR-FE
Zomera za 2ZR zidapangidwa mu 2007. Injini za mzere uwu anachita m'malo osakondedwa ndi ambiri unit pansi pa nambala siriyo 1ZZ-FE 1.8 L. Kuchokera ku injini ya 1ZR, 2ZR inasiyana ndi sitiroko ya crankshaft mpaka 88.3 mm ndi magawo ena.
Mphamvu ya 2ZR-FE ndiye gawo loyambira komanso kusinthidwa koyamba kwa injini ya Toyota 2ZR ndi dongosolo la Dual-VVTi. Galimotoyo idalandira zosintha zambiri komanso zosintha.
| 2 ZR-FE | |
|---|---|
| Vuto, cm3 | 1797 |
| Mphamvu, hp | 125-140 |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito, l / 100 Km | 5.9-9.1 |
| Silinda Ø, mm | 80.5 |
| SS | 10 |
| HP, mm | 88.33 |
| Zithunzi | Miliyoni; Auris; Corolla (Axio, Fielder, Rumion); ndi; Matrix; Choyamba; Vitz |
| Resource, kunja. km | 250 + |
Kuwonongeka kwa injini za Toyota ndi zomwe zimayambitsa
Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri ndi imodzi mwamavuto akulu amtundu wa injini za NZ. Kawirikawiri, "chowotcha mafuta" chachikulu chimayamba nawo pambuyo pa kuthamanga kwa makilomita oposa 150-200 zikwi. Zikatero, muyenera kutulutsa mpweya kapena kusintha zisoti ndi mphete zamafuta.
Phokoso lachilendo mu 1 / 2NZ motors nthawi zambiri limasonyeza kutambasula kwa unyolo, komwe nthawi zambiri kumachitika pambuyo pa kuthamanga kwa 150-200 km. Vutoli limathetsedwa pokhazikitsa zida zatsopano zosinthira nthawi.
Kuthamanga kosagwira ntchito koyandama ndizizindikiro zakuipitsidwa kwa OBD kapena KXX. Kuyimba mluzu kwa injini nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha lamba wosweka, ndipo kugwedezeka kowonjezereka kukuwonetsa kufunikira kosinthira fyuluta yamafuta ndi / kapena kukwera kwa injini yakutsogolo. Itha kukhalanso nthawi yotsuka majekeseni.
Kuphatikiza pazovuta zomwe zawonetsedwa, pa injini za 1 / 2NZ-FE, sensa yamafuta amafuta nthawi zambiri imalephera ndipo chisindikizo chamafuta chakumbuyo cha crankshaft chimatuluka. BC 1NZ-FE, mwatsoka, sangathe kukonzedwa, ndipo pambuyo pa kuthamanga kwa makilomita 200 zikwi, Toyota iyenera kusintha injini ku mgwirizano wa ICE.
Zomera zamagetsi za 2ZR pafupifupi sizimasiyana ndi magawo a mndandanda wa 1ZR, kupatula crankshaft ndi ndodo yolumikizira ndi gulu la pisitoni, zomwe zimachitika 2ZR-FE zimabwerezanso zovuta zamagalimoto ang'onoang'ono, 1ZR-FE.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mafuta kumakhala kofanana ndi magawo oyambirira a ZR. Ngati mtunda si waukulu, ndiye kuti vuto limathetsedwa ndi kuthira mafuta viscous. Phokoso pa liwiro lapakati likuwonetsa kufunikira kosinthira cholumikizira nthawi.
Mavuto ndi liwiro loyandama nthawi zambiri amakwiyitsidwa ndi throttle zonyansa kapena sensa yake.
Komanso, pambuyo 50-70 makilomita zikwi, mpope akuyamba kutayikira pa 2ZR-FE. Komanso, thermostat nthawi zambiri imalephera kwathunthu ndipo ma valve a VVTi amadzaza. Komabe, ngakhale mavuto pamwamba, injini 2ZR-FE ndi odalirika ndithu ndi apamwamba makhazikitsidwe amene mlingo wapamwamba ndi ulemu kwa akatswiri.
Pomaliza
Zomwe zili m'magawo amagetsi a 16-valve 2NZ-FE ndi 1NZ-FE zimaphatikizansopo kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri komanso kutsika kwazinthu zovulaza mumipweya yotulutsa mpweya. Tikumbukenso kuti kuyenda m'tawuni, "Toyota East" ndi injini 1.3-lita ndi zokwanira, chifukwa cholemera otsika galimoto, ngakhale mawu a injini moyo ndi kachulukidwe mphamvu, ndithudi, galimoto ndi galimoto. 1.5-lita unit ndi yabwino kwambiri.
Koma injini 2ZR-FE, tinganene kuti ngakhale mavuto pamwamba, zimachitika mowirikiza, ndi galimoto kunakhala zabwino ndithu, ndi chovomerezeka galimoto gwero. Ndi injini iyi ya 1.8-lita yokhala ndi 132 hp, yophatikizidwa ndi "zodziwikiratu" ndi magudumu akutsogolo, Toyota imachita chidwi kwambiri kuposa 2NZ-FE.
