Toyota B mndandanda injini

Injini ya dizilo yoyamba ya Toyota B-Series idapangidwa mu 1972. Chigawocho chinakhala chopanda ulemu komanso chowoneka bwino kotero kuti 15B-FTE ikupangidwabe ndikuyika pagalimoto za Mega Cruiser, analogue ya ku Japan ya Hummer ya asilikali.

Dizilo Toyota B

ICE woyamba wa mndandanda B anali injini yamphamvu zinayi ndi camshaft m'munsi, kusamuka kwa 2977 cm3. Chida cha silinda ndi mutu zinali zopangidwa ndi chitsulo chonyezimira. Jekeseni mwachindunji, palibe turbocharging. Camshaft imayendetsedwa ndi gudumu la gear.

Ndi miyezo yamakono, iyi ndi injini yotsika kwambiri, yomwe imagwera pa 2200 rpm. Ma motors okhala ndi mikhalidwe yotere ndi abwino kugonjetsa njira zapamsewu ndikunyamula katundu. Kuthamanga kwamphamvu ndi liwiro lapamwamba zimasiya zambiri zomwe zingafune. Land Cruiser yokhala ndi injini yotereyi imatha kuyenderana ndi Zhiguli zachikale mpaka liwiro la 60 km / h, ndikungonjenjemera ngati thalakitala.

Land Cruiser 40

Kupulumuka kosayerekezeka kumatha kuonedwa ngati mwayi wosayerekezeka wa mota iyi. Zimagwira ntchito pamafuta aliwonse, zimagaya pafupifupi fungo lililonse lamadzimadzi lamafuta a dizilo. Injini si sachedwa kutenthedwa: iwo amafotokoza pamene Land Cruiser ndi injini wotero ntchito popanda mavuto kwa miyezi ingapo ndi kusowa kwa malita 5 ozizira.

Pampu yamafuta othamanga kwambiri pamzere ndi yodalirika ngati injini yonse. Ogwira ntchito zamagalimoto sazindikiranso mfundo iyi, amakhulupirira kuti palibe chomwe chingaswe pamenepo. Vuto lokhalo lomwe limachitika pakapita nthawi ndikusuntha kwa jekeseni wamafuta kupita mbali ina chifukwa chovala magiya oyendetsa nthawi komanso camshaft yapampu yamafuta. Kusintha ngodya sikovuta kwenikweni.

Zigawo zomwe zili pachiwopsezo kwambiri zamagalimoto ndi ma nozzle sprayers. Amasiya kupopera mafuta nthawi zambiri pambuyo pa makilomita 100 zikwi. Koma ngakhale ndi majekeseni oterowo, galimotoyo imapitirizabe kuyambitsa ndi kuyendetsa molimba mtima. Pankhaniyi, mphamvu imatayika, ndipo utsi umawonjezeka.

Koma simuyenera kuchita izi. Pali lingaliro lakuti majekeseni olakwika amachititsa kuti mphete za pistoni zikhale zophika, zomwe zidzafunika kukonzanso injini. Kukonzanso kwathunthu kwa injini, poganizira mtengo wa zida zosinthira, kumabweretsa ndalama za 1500 USD. Zosavuta kuyeretsa majekeseni.

The injini anaika pa magalimoto zotsatirazi:

• Land Cruiser 40;
• Toyota Dyna 3,4,5 m'badwo;
• Daihatsu Delta V9/V12 mndandanda;
• Hino Ranger 2 (V10).

Patatha zaka 3 chiyambireni kupanga, galimoto B anadutsa wamakono. Mtundu wa 11 B udawonekera, pomwe jakisoni wamafuta adayikidwa mwachindunji muchipinda choyaka. Chisankho ichi chinawonjezera mphamvu ya injini ndi 10 ndiyamphamvu, makokedwe awonjezeka ndi 15 Nm.

Dizilo Toyota 2B

Mu 1979, kukonzanso lotsatira kunachitika, injini 2B anaonekera. Kusamuka kwa injini kunawonjezeka kufika 3168 cm3, zomwe zinawonjezera mphamvu ndi 3 ndiyamphamvu, makokedwe awonjezeka ndi 10%.

Toyota 2B

Mwamapangidwe, injiniyo idakhalabe chimodzimodzi. Mutu ndi cylinder block zinapangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo chonyezimira. Camshaft ili pansi, mu chipika cha silinda. Ma valve amayendetsedwa ndi ma pushers. Pali ma valve awiri pa silinda. Camshaft imayendetsedwa ndi magiya. Pampu yamafuta, pampu ya vacuum, pampu ya jakisoni imayendetsedwa ndi mfundo yomweyo.

Chiwembu choterocho ndi chodalirika kwambiri, koma chawonjezera inertia chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa maulalo. Kuphatikiza apo, mbali zambiri zimatulutsa phokoso lalikulu. Pofuna kuthana nazo, injini ya 2B imagwiritsa ntchito magiya okhala ndi mano oblique, omwe amathiridwa ndi mphuno yapadera. Dongosolo lopaka mafuta ndi mtundu wa zida, pampu yamadzi idayendetsedwa ndi lamba.

Injini 2B mokwanira anapitiriza mwambo wa kuloŵedwa m'malo ake. Imadziwika kuti ndi gawo lodalirika kwambiri, lokhazikika, lopanda ulemu lomwe ndi loyenera ma SUV, mabasi opepuka ndi magalimoto. Galimotoyi idayikidwa pa Toyota Land Cruiser (BJ41/44) ndi Toyota Coaster (BB10/11/15) pamsika wapakhomo mpaka 1984.

Engine 3B

Mu 1982, 2B inasinthidwa ndi injini ya 3B. Mwachindunji, iyi ndi injini ya dizilo yomwe ili ndi ma valavu awiri pa silinda imodzi, momwe voliyumu yogwirira ntchito ikuwonjezeka mpaka 3431 cm3. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa voliyumu komanso kuthamanga kwambiri, mphamvu idatsika ndi 2 hp. Ndiye panali Mabaibulo amphamvu kwambiri injini - 13B okonzeka ndi jekeseni mwachindunji mafuta ndi 13B-T, amene ali turbocharger. M'matembenuzidwe amphamvu kwambiri, pampu yowonjezereka ya kukula kochepa inayikidwa ndi trochoid, mmalo mwa gear, pampu yamafuta.

Engine 3B

Chozizira chamafuta chinayikidwa pakati pa mpope wamafuta ndi fyuluta pa injini za 13B ndi 13B-T, zomwe zinali zotenthetsera kutentha zoziziritsidwa ndi antifreeze. Zosinthazi zidapangitsa kuti mtunda pakati pa mafuta ndi mpope ukhale wokwera pafupifupi 2 nthawi. Izi zidawonjezera nthawi yanjala yamafuta a injini pambuyo poyambira, zomwe sizinali ndi zotsatira zabwino pakukhazikika.

Ma motors a 3B adayikidwa pamagalimoto otsatirawa:

• Dyna (4th, 5th, 6th generation)
• Toyoace (4th, 5th generation)
• Land Сruiser 40/60/70
• Basi ya Coaster (2nd, 3rd generation)

Injini 13B ndi 13B-T anaikidwa kokha pa Land Cruiser SUV.

4b injini

Mu 1988, 4B mndandanda injini anabadwa. Voliyumu yogwira ntchito idakwera mpaka 3661 cm3. Kuwonjezekaku kunapezedwa posintha crankshaft, zomwe zidakulitsa kugunda kwa piston. Kuzungulira kwa silinda kunali kofanana.

Mwachindunji, injini yoyaka moto yamkati idabwerezanso zomwe zidalipo kale. Injini iyi sinalandire kugawa; zosintha zake 14B ndi jakisoni wachindunji ndi 14B-T ndi turbocharging zidagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka, zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zapamwamba komanso zogwira mtima. Injini ya 4B mu mawonekedwe ake oyera inali yotsika kwambiri kwa opikisana nawo mu magawo awa. 14B ndi 14B-T anaikidwa pa Toyota Bandeirante, Daihatsu Delta (V11 mndandanda) ndi Toyota Dyna (Toyoace) magalimoto. Magalimoto amapangidwa mpaka 1991, ku Brazil mpaka 2001.

4B

15b injini

Ma injini a 15B-F, 15B-FE, 15B-FTE, omwe adayambitsidwa mu 1991, amamaliza ma injini a B-series. 15B-FTE ikadali pakupanga ndikuyika pa Toyota Megacruiser.

Toyota mega cruiser

Mu injini iyi, okonzawo adasiya chiwembu chochepa ndikugwiritsa ntchito machitidwe achikhalidwe a DOHC okhala ndi makamera opapatiza. Camshaft ili pamutu pamwamba pa mavavu. Dongosolo loterolo, pogwiritsa ntchito turbocharger ndi intercooler, zidapangitsa kuti zitheke kukwaniritsa mawonekedwe ovomerezeka. Mphamvu zazikulu ndi torque zimatheka potsika rpm, zomwe zimafunikira pagalimoto yamtundu uliwonse.

Zolemba zamakono

Zotsatirazi ndi tabu lachidule laukadaulo wama injini a B-series:

Injini	Ntchito buku, cm3	Direct jakisoni zilipo	Kukhalapo kwa turbocharging	Kukhalapo kwa intercooler	Mphamvu, hp, pa rpm	Torque, Nm, pa rpm
B	2977	palibe	palibe	palibe	80 / 3600	191/2200
11B	2977	inde	palibe	palibe	90 / 3600	206/2200
2B	3168	palibe	palibe	palibe	93 / 3600	215/2200
3B	3431	palibe	palibe	palibe	90 / 3500	217/2000
13B	3431	inde	palibe	palibe	98 / 3500	235/2200
13B-T	3431	inde	inde	palibe	120/3400	217/2200
4B	3661	palibe	palibe	palibe	N / D	N / D
14B	3661	inde	palibe	palibe	98/3400	240/1800
14B-T	3661	inde	inde	palibe	N / D	N / D
15B-F	4104	inde	palibe	palibe	115/3200	290/2000
15B-FTE	4104	inde	inde	inde	153 / 3200	382/1800

1BZ-FPE injini

Payokha, ndi bwino kukhala pa injini kuyaka mkati. 1BZ-FPE ndi injini ya 4100 yamphamvu yokhala ndi voliyumu yogwira ntchito ya 3 cm16 yokhala ndi mutu wa valve XNUMX ndi ma camshaft awiri oyendetsedwa ndi lamba.

Injini yoyatsira mkati idasinthidwa kuti igwire ntchito pamafuta amadzi - propane. Mphamvu zazikulu - 116 hp pa 3600 rpm. Torque ndi 306 Nm pa 2000 rpm. M'malo mwake, awa ndi mawonekedwe a dizilo, omwe amathamanga kwambiri pama liwiro otsika. Chifukwa chake, galimotoyo idagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto ogulitsa monga Toyota Dyna ndi Toyoace. Mphamvu yamagetsi ndi carburetor. Magalimoto ankagwira ntchito zawo nthawi zonse, koma anali ndi mphamvu zochepa zosungira gasi.

Kudalirika ndi kulimba kwa B-series motors

Kusawonongeka kwa ma motors awa ndi nthano. Mapangidwe osavuta, malire akulu achitetezo, kuthekera kokonzanso "pa bondo" kunapangitsa kuti mayunitsiwa akhale ofunikira kwambiri pakadutsa msewu.

Ma injini a Turbocharged samasiyana ndi kudalirika kotere. Ukadaulo wamainjini opanga ma supercharging sunafike pamlingo wangwiro panthawiyo momwe ulili lero. Zothandizira za turbine nthawi zambiri zimatenthedwa ndikulephera. Izi zitha kupewedwa ngati injini imaloledwa kuti igwire kwa mphindi zingapo isanatseke, zomwe sizinawonedwe nthawi zonse komanso osati ndi aliyense.

Kuthekera kogula injini ya mgwirizano

Palibe kusowa kokwanira, makamaka pamsika wa Far East. Motors 1B ndi 2B n'zovuta kupeza mu mkhalidwe wabwino, popeza motors zimenezi sizinapangidwe kwa nthawi yaitali. Mitengo yawo imayambira pa ma ruble 50. Magalimoto 13B, 14B 15B amaperekedwa mochulukira. Mgwirizano wa 15B-FTE wokhala ndi chotsalira chachikulu chomwe sichinagwiritsidwepo ntchito m'mayiko a CIS chingapezeke pamtengo wa 260 zikwi rubles.