Skoda Rapid injini
Zamkatimu
Rapid liftback yamakono idayambitsidwa ndi Skoda mu 2011 ku Frankfurt ngati lingaliro lotchedwa MissionL. Chogulitsidwacho chinalowa mumsika wa ku Ulaya patatha chaka chimodzi. Mu 2013, zachilendo zinafika ku mayiko a CIS, ndipo posakhalitsa zinapezeka kwa oyendetsa Russian.
Mbiri ya chitsanzo
Dzina loti "Rapid" lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza ndi kampani yaku Czech. Inayamba kutchuka mu 1935, pamene galimoto yoyamba ya chitsanzo ichi idagubuduza pamzere wa msonkhano. Skoda Rapid idapangidwa kwa zaka 12 ndipo idafunidwa ndi nzika zolemera. Panali mitundu inayi ya magalimoto: zosinthira zitseko ziwiri ndi zitseko zinayi, van ndi sedan.
Kufunika kokhazikika kwachitsanzocho kunali chifukwa cha mapangidwe ake - zatsopano za nthawi imeneyo: chimango cha tubular, kuyimitsidwa kodziyimira pawokha komanso kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo, ma hydraulic brake system. Rapid anagulitsidwa bwino osati ku Ulaya kokha komanso ku Asia. Sanaperekedwe kumisika ina.
Zida zamphamvu kwambiri zinali ndi injini ya 2,2-lita, 60 hp. Iye analola imathandizira kuti 120 Km / h. Mitundu 4 ya injini idagwiritsidwa ntchito pazosintha zosiyanasiyana komanso magulu amitengo. Pazonse, pafupifupi magalimoto zikwi zisanu ndi chimodzi adapangidwa. Kutulutsidwa kwa mndandanda kunatha mu 1947 ndipo nthawi yotsatira dzina lakuti "Rapid" linatsitsimutsidwa patatha zaka 38.
Zatsopano, zamasewera, Rapid zidaphulika pamsika wamagalimoto mu 1985 ndipo nthawi yomweyo zidazigonjetsa. Chosiyana cha zitseko ziwiri cha coupe chinali chokhacho chomwe chinalipo. Galimotoyo inali ndi gudumu lakumbuyo, inali ndi injini za 1,2 ndi 1,3 lita, ndi mphamvu kuchokera ku 54 mpaka 62 hp, malingana ndi kusinthidwa. Rapid anali ndi kukhazikika kwabwino komanso kusamalira bwino. Mu kasinthidwe amphamvu kwambiri liwiro pazipita anafika 153 Km / h. Kufikira makilomita zana pa ola, mathamangitsidwe anachitika mu masekondi 14,9. Galimotoyo inapangidwa kwa zaka 5, ndiyeno dzina lakuti "Rapid" linaiwalika kwa zaka zambiri. Ndipo kokha mu 2012 anabwerera ku mndandanda "Skoda".
Maonekedwe
Maonekedwe a Skoda Rapid mu Chitaganya cha Russia chinachitika mu 2014. Awa anali magalimoto osonkhanitsidwa kunyumba omwe amapangidwa pafakitale ku Kaluga. Galimotoyo yasinthidwa poganizira za nyengo yaku Russia. Komanso, kukonzanso ndi kukonzanso kunapangidwa pakupanga - zochitika zogwirira ntchito ku Ulaya, kumene chitsanzo ichi chinawonekera zaka ziwiri zapitazo, chinaganiziridwa.
Rapid yamakono ili ndi maonekedwe odziwika. Poyamba, idapangidwira anthu olemekezeka omwe amapeza ndalama zambiri. Ndipo anali wokonzeka kuwakondweretsa ndi kumveka bwino kwa mizere, kuphedwa molimba mtima, mwaulemu komanso ngakhale ndi ena oyenda pansi.
Kutengera mpweya komanso bampu yoyambirira yakutsogolo kumapangitsa galimotoyo kuoneka mwaukali. Koma kawirikawiri, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a thupi losavuta komanso zinthu za chrome, zimawoneka zolimba. Kuphatikizika koyenera kwa mikhalidwe imeneyi pamapangidwewo, pamapeto pake, kunapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi oyendetsa magalimoto osiyanasiyana azaka zosiyanasiyana komanso ndalama.
Makinawa ali ndi nyali zachifunga zomwe zimawunikira komwe kutembenuka kumathamanga pansi pa 40 km / h. Zowunikira zam'mbuyo zopindika zimawonekera bwino nthawi iliyonse yamasana komanso nyengo iliyonse. Payokha, ziyenera kudziwidwa malo akulu okhala ndi glazing. Izi zimawonjezera kuwoneka ndikupangitsa dalaivala kuyang'anira mosavuta momwe magalimoto alili.
Mu 2017, chitsanzocho chinasinthidwanso. Skoda anatha kuthetsa mavuto awiri nthawi imodzi: kukonza mapangidwe, kusintha pang'ono maonekedwe a galimoto, ndi kusintha aerodynamics thupi. Izi sizinangowonjezera kuyendetsa bwino kwa galimoto, komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta.
Zolemba zamakono
Mitundu yonse ya Skoda Rapid imapangidwa ndi magudumu akutsogolo. Amakhala ndi kuyimitsidwa kodziyimira pawokha kutsogolo komanso kumbuyo kodziyimira pawokha (pamtengo wozunzika). Mabuleki a disc amaikidwa pa gudumu lililonse. Pa nthawi yomweyi, zakutsogolo zimakhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Chiwongolerocho chimakhala ndi amplifier electromechanical. Zina mwa zigawo ndi misonkhano ikuluikulu yabwerekedwa kumitundu ina ya Skoda, monga Fabia ndi Octavia.
Mitundu yamakono ya Rapid ya 2018-2019 ili ndi zinthu zingapo zogwira ntchito. Ali ndi zida za Electronic Stability Control, zomwe zadziwika kwambiri pamndandanda woyeserera ngozi wa Euro NCAP. Dongosolo la olankhulira lomwe limapangidwira ndi lamphamvu, ndipo okamba okhazikika bwino amapanga mawu apamwamba ozungulira. Tekinoloje zina zamakono zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mgalimoto:
- Zowunikira zowala za bi-xenon zimapereka mawonekedwe owoneka bwino m'malo osawoneka bwino, motero amawonjezera chitetezo paulendo;
- Dongosolo lazidziwitso la Amundsen lili ndi zida zowongolera mawu, lili ndi gawo loyendetsa, limatha kulumikizidwa ndi foni yam'manja, komanso lili ndi zinthu zina zothandiza;
- Zida zachitetezo sizimangokhala ma airbags anthawi zonse, komanso makatani apadera omwe amachepetsa mwayi wovulala pazokhudza mbali;
- Wothandizira wothandizana nawo kuchokera ku pulogalamu ya MYSKODA amathetsa nkhani yokonza njira, akuwonetsa cholinga chogwiritsira ntchito ma levers, mabatani, zizindikiro pa dashboard, akhoza kukonzedwa kuti akukumbutseni zochitika zofunika.
Koma palibe ntchito wothandiza m'malo chinthu chofunika kwambiri - mphamvu ya galimoto. Chitsanzo akubwera ndi 1,6 ndi 1,4 lita injini kuyaka mkati. Injini imatha kupanga mphamvu mpaka 125 hp. Mathamangitsidwe nthawi makilomita zana pa ola - kuchokera masekondi 9, ndi liwiro pazipita akhoza kufika 208 Km / h. Pa nthawi yomweyo, injini ndi ndalama ndi kumwa osachepera mu mzinda adzakhala malita 7,1, pa msewu malita 4,4.
Ma injini a Rapid
Kukonzekera kwachitsanzo kumasiyana osati pamaso pa ntchito zowonjezera, magawo a chassis, komanso mtundu wa injini. Mukagula galimoto ku Russia yopangidwa mu 2018-2019, mutha kusankha imodzi mwa injini zitatu zoyaka mkati:
- CFW - 1,6 L, 90 HP, mafuta, anagawira jekeseni;
- CWVA - 1,6l, 110 hp, mafuta, jekeseni wogawidwa;
- CZCA - 1,4 L, 125 hp, mafuta, turbocharged, jekeseni mwachindunji.
Pazonse, pakutulutsidwa kwa m'badwo wamakono wa Skoda Rapid, mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya injini idagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndipo pogula galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito yachitsanzo ichi, muyenera kudziwa ubwino ndi zovuta zamtundu uliwonse wamagetsi.
Mitundu yama mota omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Skoda Rapid magalimoto kuyambira 2012
| restyling, kuyambira 02.2017 mpaka pano | |||
| Pangani | Voliyumu, l | Mphamvu, hp | Zingwe |
| Mtengo CZCA | 1.4 | 125 | 1.4 TSI DSG |
| CWVA | 1.6 | 110 | 1.6 MPI MT |
| 1.6 MPI AT | |||
| Zamgululi | 1.6 | 90 | 1.6 MPI MT |
| Asanakonzenso, kuyambira 09.2012 mpaka 09.2017 | |||
| Pangani | Voliyumu, l | Mphamvu, hp | Zingwe |
| Mtengo wa CGPC | 1.2 | 75 | 1.2 MPI MT |
| BOX | 1.4 | 122 | 1.4 TSI DSG |
| Mtengo CZCA | 1.4 | 125 | 1.4 TSI DSG |
| CFNA | 1.6 | 105 | 1.6 MPI MT |
| CWVA | 1.6 | 110 | 1.6 MPI MT |
| Zamgululi | 1.6 | 90 | 1.6 MPI MT |
Poyamba, CGPC idakhala mtundu woyambira wamagalimoto amtunduwu. Anali ndi voliyumu yaying'ono - malita 1,2 ndipo anali ndi silinda itatu. Kapangidwe kake ndi thupi lopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu yokhala ndi manja omangika achitsulo. Galimoto ili ndi jekeseni wogawidwa. Zilibe mphamvu zapamwamba poyerekeza ndi kusintha kwina kwa mzere, zomwe, komabe, zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mafuta ochepa.
Madalaivala nthawi zambiri amayamika injiniyo chifukwa chogwira ntchito bwino, ndipo ena amalangizanso kuti azitha kuyendetsa galimoto mkati mwa mzinda. Liwiro pazipita anali 175 Km / h, mathamangitsidwe kuti 100 Km / h inachitika 13,9 s. Magalimoto okhala ndi injini iyi anali ndi kufala kwamanja (ma liwiro asanu).
Kenako, wopanga anakana kukhazikitsa injini 1,2 lita pa Rapid. Komanso, ma motors amtundu wa CAXA sanalinso wokwera pa chitsanzo, adasinthidwa ndi CZCA yamphamvu kwambiri. Pamene mndandanda wa EA111 ICE udasinthidwa ndi chitukuko chatsopano cha EA211, ndiye kuti ma 105 hp motors adasinthidwa. kunabwera CWVA yotchuka kwambiri ya 110-horsepower.
Ma injini ambiri
Imodzi mwa injini zodziwika bwino za EA111, EA211 mndandanda ndi CGPC (1,2l, 75 hp). Ili ndi zabwino ngakhale kuposa injini zoyaka zamkati zamtundu womwewo. Izi, ndithudi, ndizochepa mafuta komanso injini yodalirika kwambiri. Mu 2012, adalowa m'malo mwa injini za m'badwo wakale. Ubwino waukulu umaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito chipika cha aluminiyamu chachitsulo chokhala ndi zitsulo zotayira ndi kusinthanitsa nthawi ndi lamba.
Osatchuka kwambiri anali ma injini a EA211 - CWVA ndi CFW. Mndandanda uli bwino kuposa omwe adatsogolera, chifukwa kwa nthawi yayitali VW Corporation sakanatha kupirira kutentha kwa injini poyambira. Kuphatikiza apo, panali zolakwika zina zingapo zomwe zidayenera "kuthandizidwa" mwachangu ndikusintha mwachangu. Zoyipa zazikulu za EA 111 ndi izi:
- Kugogoda mu injini panthawi yozizira;
- Kuvala mwachangu kwa unyolo wanthawi;
- Mapangidwe osapambana a kukwera kwa injini yakumanzere, kumapangitsa kugogoda poyendetsa pamaenje;
- Low kudalirika kwa utsi zobwezedwa nyumba. Wokonda kusweka.
Koma mavutowa athetsedwa kwathunthu mu EA211. Akatswiri adatha kuchotsa zolakwika zambiri zazing'ono ndikusintha zosankha zoyipa. Anapanga injini zabwino, zokhazikika ndi 110 ndi 90 hp. ndi voliyumu ya 1,6 malita.
Magawo awa adayeneranso kudutsa gawo la "matenda aubwana", koma kusintha kwakung'ono kumatha kuthetsa zovuta zonse zomwe zidachitika. Ma injini nthawi zambiri amatsutsidwa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri komanso kuphika mwachangu mphete zamafuta. Vutoli limalumikizidwa ndi njira zopapatiza zotulutsira mafuta. Njira imodzi ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa kwambiri okhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera. Komabe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa mafuta pafupipafupi momwe mungathere. Ngakhale angapo mbali ya injini, gwero ake adzakhala osachepera makilomita 250 zikwi.
Ndi injini iti yomwe ili bwino kusankha galimoto?
CZCA 1,4L turbocharged ndi yankho labwino kwa aliyense amene amakonda injini zamphamvu ndi liwiro lachangu. Amazizira bwino, njira yochepetsera kutentha imakhala ndi mabwalo awiri ndipo imakhala ndi ma thermostats awiri. Mabwalo amayendetsedwa popanda wina ndi mzake. Zomwe zinachitikira zitsanzo zam'mbuyomu zidaganiziridwa ndipo njira zingapo zopangira zida zidakhazikitsidwa kuti zitsimikizire kutentha kwa injini mwachangu. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi kuphatikiza kwa manifold otulutsa mumutu wa silinda. Turbocharging ili ndi mphamvu zonse zamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito yake ikhale yabwino kwambiri. Iyi ndiye injini yamphamvu kwambiri yomwe idayikidwa pamtunduwu, ndiyabwino kwambiri ndipo imatha kupereka zovuta kwa abale ambiri otchuka. Chigawochi chimaonedwa kuti ndi chodalirika ndipo chilibe zolakwika zazikulu. Komabe, pamafunika kukhala ndi maganizo apadera: mukhoza kuwonjezera mafuta ndi 98 mafuta, ndipo mafuta ayenera kukhala apamwamba.
Gulani galimoto yokhala ndi injini ya 1,6 l 90 hp. - njira yabwino kwa mwiniwake wanzeru yemwe sakonda kuwononga ndalama. Pali ndalama zingapo pano. Choyamba, msonkho wa "iron horse" udzakhala wotsika, kangapo m'madera ena. Kachiwiri, malinga ndi malingaliro a wopanga, chiwerengero cha octane cha mafuta chiyenera kukhala osachepera 91. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zidzatheka kupulumutsa mafuta pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta otsika mtengo a 92. Injini imakoka bwino - pambuyo pake, mphindi, ndipo mphamvu ndi yofanana ndi ya CWVA - 110 hp. Inde, sikungatheke "kuwuluka" ndi "kung'amba" aliyense pamagetsi, koma kwa dalaivala wodziwa bwino komanso wodekha, komanso maulendo ndi banja, izi sizofunikira.
Kugwirizana kopambana pakati pa kuyendetsa mwakachetechete ndi kuyendetsa mwaukali ndi injini ya CWVA. Mphamvu zake zimakulolani kuti muzitha kuyendetsa mwachangu komanso nthawi zonse muziyenda ndi liwiro la magalimoto. Injini yoyatsira yamkati yamasilinda anayi idapangidwira maiko a CIS. Ndi yodalirika, yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso yopanda mafuta.
Injini ndi mtima wa galimoto ndipo zimatengera momwe bwino komanso kwa nthawi yayitali galimoto idzatumikira mwini wake. Rapid ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha zinthu za Skoda. Ndipo pali chiwerengero chokwanira cha zosinthidwa zake kuti munthu aliyense asankhe galimoto malinga ndi zosowa zawo.
