Honda R18A, R18A1, R18A2, R18Z1, R18Z4 injini
Zamkatimu
The injini R-mndandanda anaonekera kumayambiriro 2006, amene anali ang'onoang'ono mantha mankhwala mu mbiri ya zomangamanga Honda. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ma motors ambiri omwe adapangidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000 anali akale kwambiri ndipo panali kufunika kopanga zitsanzo zatsopano.
Kuphatikiza apo, miyezo yatsopano yachilengedwe imayika patsogolo zofunikira zina zotulutsa poizoni, zomwe mndandanda wa B-, D-, F-, H-, ZC sunakwaniritse. Ma injini a 1,2 ndi 1,7 lita adalowetsedwa ndi mndandanda wa L, womwe nthawi yomweyo unalowetsedwa m'magalimoto a kalasi B. Mndandanda wa K unakhala wolandira woyenerera wa injini ziwiri-lita, zomwe zinamaliza mwamsanga magalimoto olemera. Pofika kumayambiriro kwa 2006, kupanga magalimoto a Honda Civic ndi Crossroad a kalasi C anali kupangidwa.
Mainjiniya a kampaniyo anali ndi nkhawa ndi funso limodzi - ndi mtima wotani wopatsa magalimoto awa? Monga mukudziwira, ulamuliro wa zitsanzo zakale unali pa zilakolako zapakatikati. Ma injini a L-series angawapatse mphamvu, koma ndi mphamvu ya 90 hp. mayendedwe ayenera kuyiwalika kwanthawizonse. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, injini za K-mndandanda zikanakhala zamphamvu mopanda nzeru pagulu la makina awa. Patapita zaka zingapo, Honda anakonza ndi kuika mu kupanga Motors wa mndandanda: R18A, R18A1, R18A2, R18Z1 ndi R18Z4. Mndandanda wonsewo unali ndi makhalidwe omwewo, zitsanzo zina zinali ndi zosintha zazing'ono.
Zolemba zamakono
Makhalidwe akuluakulu a injini yoyaka mkati akuwonetsedwa patebulo ili pansipa:
| Voliyumu ya injini, cm³ | 1799 |
|---|---|
| Mphamvu, hp / pa rpm | 140/6300 |
| Torque, Nm / pa rpm | 174/4300 |
| Makina amagetsi | jakisoni |
| mtundu | motsatana |
| Chiwerengero cha masilindala | 4 |
| Chiwerengero cha mavavu pa silinda | 4 |
| Pisitoni sitiroko, mm | 87.3 |
| Cylinder awiri, mm | 81 |
| Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana | 10.5 |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, pa 100 km (mzinda / msewu waukulu / wosakanikirana) | 9.2/5.1/6.6 |
| Gawo la mafuta | Zamgululi 0W-20 Zamgululi 0W-30 Zamgululi 5W-20 Zamgululi 5W-30 |
| Kusintha kwamafuta kumachitika, km | 10000 (zokwanira 5000 iliyonse) |
| Kuchuluka kwa mafuta posintha, l | 3.5 |
| Resource, km | Mpaka 300 zikwi |
Zomwe zimayambira
R18A ndi injini jekeseni ndi buku la 1799 cm³. Poyerekeza ndi kuloŵedwa m'malo D17, galimoto ndi wamphamvu ndithu. Makokedwe ndi 174 Nm, mphamvu ndi 140 hp, amene amalola imathandizira magalimoto olemera C-kalasi mwamsanga ndithu. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumadalira kwambiri kayendetsedwe ka galimoto - ndi kayendetsedwe kake, popanda kuthamanga kwadzidzidzi, kumwa ndi malita 5,1 pa 100 km. Mu mzinda, mowa ukuwonjezeka kwa malita 9,2, ndi mode wosanganiza - 6,6 malita pa 100 Km. Wapakati injini moyo ndi 300 zikwi makilomita.
Kufotokozera Kwakunja
Chinthu choyamba choti muyambe kufufuza galimoto mukagula ndikufufuza mbale za fakitale ndi nambala ya galimoto ndi nambala ya injini. Gulu lathu lamagetsi lili ndi nambala yomwe ili pafupi ndi kuchuluka kwa madyedwe, monga momwe tawonetsera pachithunzichi:
Chinthu choyamba chimene chimakuchititsani chidwi ndi kulimba kolimba kwa chipinda cha injini, chomwe si chachilendo kwa injini za 16-valve. Thupi ndi mutu wa silinda zimapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu yamphamvu kwambiri, yomwe imachepetsa kwambiri kulemera kwake. Chophimba cha valve cha chizindikiro ichi chikuyimiridwa ndi pulasitiki yotentha kwambiri, m'malo mwazosankha zamtundu wa aluminiyumu. Kusuntha kwachuma koteroko kunali koyenera - malinga ndi ndemanga za oyendetsa galimoto - kwa zaka 7-10 za ntchito palibe zopindika zomwe zimapatsa mafuta. Zomwe zimapangidwira zimapangidwanso ndi aluminiyumu, mawonekedwe akunja amapangidwa ndi geometry yosinthika.
Zojambula Zapangidwe
Mitundu ya injini ya R18A ili ndi injini zamasilinda anayi. Ndiko kuti, masilindala anayi amapangidwa mu chipikacho, chokonzedwa motsatizana mzere umodzi. Ma cylinders amakhala ndi ma pistoni omwe amayendetsa crankshaft. Sitiroko ya pisitoni ndi 87,3 mm, psinjika chiŵerengero ndi 10,5. Ma pistoni amalumikizidwa ndi crankshaft ndi ndodo zopepuka komanso zamphamvu kwambiri zolumikizira, zopangidwa kwa nthawi yoyamba yachitsanzo ichi. Kutalika kwa ndodo zolumikizira ndi 157,5 mm.
Mapangidwe a mutu wa aluminiyamu sanasinthe - mipando ya camshaft ndi maupangiri a valve amapangidwa mu thupi lake.
Zosintha nthawi
Njira yogawa gasi ndi unyolo, valavu 16 (silinda iliyonse imakhala ndi 2 yolowera ndi 2 mavavu otulutsa). Kamshaft imodzi imagwira ntchito pa mavavu kudzera pa matepi a cylindrical. Palibe ma compensators a hydraulic mu dongosolo, kotero ndikofunikira kusintha ma valve nthawi ndi nthawi mwadongosolo. Ngakhale kuphweka kwa mapangidwe a nthawi, kukhalapo kwa nthawi ya I-VTEC ya valve variable kukulolani kuti musinthe mlingo wa kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa ma valve malinga ndi katundu. Njirayi imakupatsani mwayi wopulumutsa kwambiri pamafuta ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida za injini bwino. Njira yogawa gasi yamagalimoto athu imalephera kawirikawiri.
Makhalidwe a dongosolo la mphamvu
Dongosolo lamagetsi limayimiridwa ndi pampu, mizere yamafuta, fyuluta yabwino, chowongolera kuthamanga kwamafuta ndi majekeseni. Mpweya umaperekedwa ndi ma ducts a mpweya, fyuluta ya mpweya ndi msonkhano wa throttle. Mbali ndi kukhalapo kwa kulamulira kwamagetsi kwa mlingo wa kutsegula kwa throttle, malingana ndi chiwerengero cha kusintha. Komanso mu mphamvu yamagetsi pali EGR yotulutsa mpweya yomwe imawabwezeretsanso kudzera mu chipinda choyaka moto. Dongosololi limachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya wapoizoni womwe umalowa mumlengalenga.
Dongosolo mafuta
Dongosolo lamafuta limayimiridwa ndi mpope wamafuta womwe uli mu sump ya injini. Pampu imapopera mafuta, omwe amadutsa mopanikizika kudzera mu fyuluta ndipo amadyetsedwa kudzera muzobowola kuzinthu zopaka injini, ndikubwereranso mu sump. Kuphatikiza pa kuchepetsa kukangana, mafutawa amagwira ntchito yoziziritsa ma pistoni, omwe amaperekedwa pansi pa kukakamizidwa kuchokera kumabowo apadera pansi pa ndodo yolumikizira. Ndikofunikira kusintha mafuta pamtunda uliwonse wa 10-15 makilomita, makamaka - pambuyo pa 7,5 km. Mafuta a injini omwe amazungulira mumayendedwe opaka mafuta opitilira 15 km amataya katundu wake, "zinyalala" zake zimawonekera chifukwa chokhazikika pamakoma a silinda. Mitundu yovomerezeka ikuwonetsedwa patebulo pamwambapa.
Kuzizira ndi poyatsira dongosolo
Dongosolo loziziritsa ndi la mtundu wotsekedwa, madziwo amayendayenda kudzera muzitsulo mu nyumba zamagalimoto, kumene kutentha kwa kutentha kumachitika. Ma Radiators, mpope, thermostat ndi mafani amagetsi amaonetsetsa kuti makina oziziritsa akugwira ntchito mosadodometsedwa. Voliyumu imasiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa injini. Monga choziziritsa kukhosi, wopanga amalimbikitsa mwamphamvu kugwiritsa ntchito Honda antifreeze mtundu 2, woperekedwa pamitundu iyi ya injini.
Dongosolo loyatsira limayimiridwa ndi koyilo, makandulo, gawo lowongolera zamagetsi ndi mawaya apamwamba kwambiri. Panalibe kusintha kwamapangidwe pamakina ozizira ndi kuyatsa.
Mitundu yama motors a mndandanda wa R18
Mndandanda wa injini umaphatikizapo mitundu ingapo yokhala ndi kusiyana pang'ono:
- R18 A1 - chitsanzo ichi ndi makhalidwe ofanana a galimoto R18 A, lakonzedwa kuti magalimoto Japan ndi North America;
- R18 A2 - injini anaikidwa pa magalimoto European. Makhalidwe sali osiyana ndi R18 A;
- R18 Z1 - mtundu wosinthidwa, 141 hp, torque sinasinthe. Kusiyanitsa kwa kapangidwe kake kamakhala mukusintha kwamakono kwa makina ogawa gasi, omwe pa liwiro lotsika amazimitsa valavu 1 yolowera mu silinda iliyonse. Kusintha kosiyanasiyana pa 5000 rpm;
- R18 Z1 - ndi buku la chitsanzo m'mbuyomu, anaika pa European Honda Civic magalimoto;
- R18 Z9 ndi galimoto yofanana ndi R18 Z1, yopangidwira Honda HR-V.
Kudalirika
Kawirikawiri, mndandanda wa R18 wadzikhazikitsa ngati galimoto yodalirika yomwe sichitha kulephera. Chinsinsi chake ndi chakuti palibe zambiri zoti ziswe apa - mapangidwe a magetsi awa ndi ophweka kwambiri. Kamshaft imodzi imagwiritsa ntchito ma valve olowetsa ndi kutulutsa nthawi imodzi, ndipo unyolo wa nthawi ndi wodalirika kwambiri kuposa lamba. Thupi lamphamvu kwambiri la aluminiyumu la injini ndi mitu ya silinda imatha kupirira kusinthasintha kwa kutentha mwangwiro. Monga momwe zimasonyezera, pulasitiki yotentha kwambiri ya chivundikiro cha valve sichimapunduka ngakhale patatha zaka 5-7. Ngati mutsatira malangizo a Mlengi ndi kukonza injini yake nthawi yake, injini kuphimba makilomita oposa 300 zikwi.
Kukhalabe ndi zofooka
Aliyense woganiza bwino angakuuzeni - injiniyo ndiyosavuta, ndiyodalirika komanso yosavuta kuyisamalira. Mitundu ya R18 ICE idapangidwa ngati injini zamasilinda anayi zomwe aliyense wogwira ntchito pamagalimoto amazidziwa. Vuto laling'ono ndilolephera kufikako kwa zigawo zina ndi misonkhano mu zida za injini. Zina mwazovuta za injini ya R18 ndi:
- Kugogoda kwachitsulo panthawi ya opaleshoni ndi chilonda choyamba chomwe chimapezeka pamtunda uliwonse wa makilomita 30-40. Galimoto ilibe zonyamula ma hydraulic ndipo kuvala kokonzekera kumadzipangitsa kumva. Mavavu ayenera kusinthidwa.
- Ngati liwiro la injini likuyandama, limagwedezeka pamene gasi wagwiritsidwa ntchito - fufuzani nthawi. Ndi kuthamanga kolimba, unyolo umatambasulidwa, uyenera kusinthidwa.
- Phokoso pa opareshoni - nthawi zambiri chifukwa mwina kulephera kwa mavuto wodzigudubuza. gwero ake ndi 100 zikwi makilomita, koma nthawi zina zochepa.
- Kugwedezeka kwakukulu - mu nyengo yozizira, ma motors awa amagwedezeka pang'ono panthawi yogwira ntchito, koma ngati kugwedezeka kuli kwakukulu, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa zokwera injini, zingafunikire kusinthidwa.
Kupanga injini
Malinga ndi ndemanga za eni galimoto, kusintha konse kwa mtundu uwu wa injini zimakhudza kwambiri gwero ndi zilakolako za galimoto. Chifukwa chake, kukhutira ndi magawo a fakitale kapena kukonza ndi kusankha kwamunthu payekha.
Zosintha ziwiri zodziwika bwino za R18 ndi:
- Kuyika kwa turbine ndi kompresa. Chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa kompresa yomwe imapereka jakisoni wokakamiza muchipinda choyaka moto, mphamvu ya injini yoyaka mkati imawonjezeka mpaka 300 ndiyamphamvu. Msika wamakono wamagalimoto umapereka ma compressor osiyanasiyana ndi ma turbines omwe amawononga ndalama zolimba. Kukhazikitsa kotereku kuyenera kuphatikizira m'malo mwa gulu lamphamvu kwambiri lachitsulo-pistoni, komanso ma nozzles ndi pampu yamafuta.
- Kukonzekera kwa Atmospheric. Njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira bajeti ndikupanga kusintha kwa chip, kuzizira kozizira komanso kutulutsa molunjika. Izi zidzawonjezera mphamvu zowonjezera 10. Ubwino wosakayikitsa ndikuti kukonzanso sikumakhudza makamaka moyo wa injini. Njira yokwera mtengo kwambiri imaphatikizapo kukhazikitsa cholandirira, kulowetsa pistoni ndi chiŵerengero cha 12,5, majekeseni ndi kusintha mutu wa silinda. Njira iyi idzawononga ndalama zambiri ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya 180 pamahatchi.
Mndandanda wamagalimoto omwe injini iyi idayikidwira:
- Honda Civic;
- Mtsinje wa Honda;
- Honda Cossroad.
