BMW M20 injini

Mitundu ya injini ya BMW M20 ndi in-line-silinda silinda single-camshaft petrol powertrain. Kupanga koyamba kwa mndandanda kudayamba mu 1977 ndipo mtundu womaliza udagubuduza pamzere wa msonkhano mu 1993. Mitundu yoyamba yomwe injini za mndandandawu zidagwiritsidwa ntchito zinali E12 520/6 ndi E21 320/6. Voliyumu yawo yocheperako ndi 2.0 malita, pomwe mtundu waukulu komanso waposachedwa kwambiri unali ndi malita 2.7. Kenako, M20 anakhala maziko a chilengedwe cha injini dizilo M21.

Kuyambira m'ma 1970, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ogula, BMW yakhala ikufuna injini zatsopano zamtundu wa 3 ndi 5, womwe ungakhale wocheperako kuposa mndandanda womwe ulipo kale wa M30, komabe, ndikusunga masinthidwe amizere asanu ndi limodzi. Zotsatira zake zinali 2-lita M20, yomwe ikadali yaying'ono kwambiri pamzere-sikisi kuchokera ku BMW. Ndi mavoliyumu kuchokera ku 1991 cubic metres. onani mpaka 2693 cu. onani ma motors awa anali kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa zitsanzo E12, E28, E34 5 mndandanda, E21 ndi E30 3 mndandanda.

Zodziwika bwino za M20 kuchokera ku M30 ndi:

• Lamba wanthawi m'malo mwa unyolo;
• m'mimba mwake 91 mm m'malo 100 mm;
• Mbali ya kupendekera ndi madigiri 20 m'malo mwa 30, ngati M30.

Komanso, M20 ili ndi chipika chachitsulo chachitsulo, mutu wa aluminium block, camshaft imodzi yokhala ndi ma valve awiri pa silinda.

M20V20

Ichi ndi chitsanzo choyamba cha mndandanda ndipo anagwiritsidwa ntchito pa magalimoto awiri: E12 520/6 ndi E21 320/6. Kutalika kwa silinda ndi 80 mm ndipo sitiroko ya piston ndi 66 mm. Poyambirira, carburetor ya Solex 4A1 yokhala ndi zipinda zinayi idagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga chosakaniza ndikudyetsa mu silinda. Ndi dongosololi, psinjika chiŵerengero cha 9.2: 1 chinakwaniritsidwa ndipo liwiro lapamwamba linali 6400 rpm. Makina oyambilira a 320 adagwiritsa ntchito mafani amagetsi kuziziritsa, koma kuyambira 1979 adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito chofanizira chokhala ndi cholumikizira chamafuta.

Mu 1981, M20V20 anabayidwa ndi jekeseni, atalandira dongosolo Bosh K-Jetronic. Kuyambira 1981, mano ozungulira agwiritsidwanso ntchito pa lamba wa camshaft kuti athetse kulira pamene injini ikuyenda. Kuphatikizika kwa injini ya jekeseni kunakula mpaka 9.9: 1, mtengo wa liwiro lalikulu la kusinthasintha unatsika mpaka 6200 rpm ndi LE-Jetronic system. Kwa chitsanzo cha E30, injiniyo yakhala ikuwongolera m'malo mwa mutu wa silinda, chipika chopepuka komanso manifolds atsopano osinthidwa ku LE-Jetronic system (M20B20LE). Mu 1987, kwa nthawi yachiwiri ndi yotsiriza, pa M20V20 anaika mafuta atsopano ndi zida jekeseni, Bosh Motronic, amene psinjika ndi 8.8: 1.

Engine ntchito M20V20

Mphamvu zamagalimoto zimayambira 121 mpaka 127 hp. pa liwiro kuchokera 5800 mpaka 6000 rpm, makokedwe amasiyana 160 kuti 174 N * m.

amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zitsanzo

• 1976–1981 E12 520/6 (карбюратор)
• 1977–1982 E21 320/6 (карбюратор)
• 1981–1982 E28 520i
• 1982–1984 E28 520i
• 1982–1984 E30 320i
• 1984–1987 E28 520i
• 1984–1987 E30 320i
• 1986–1987 E28 520i
• 1987–1992 E30 320i
• 1988–1990 E34 520i

M20B20kat ndi mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa M20B20 wopangidwira BMW 5 Series ndipo uli ndi zinthu zingapo. Chinthu choyamba chomwe chiri chosiyana kwambiri ndi kukhalapo kwa dongosolo la Bosh Motronic ndi chosinthira chothandizira chomwe chinali chatsopano panthawiyo, chomwe chimachepetsa kawopsedwe ka mpweya wopangidwa ndi injini.

M20B23

Miyezi isanu ndi umodzi chiyambireni kupanga M20V20 yoyamba mu 1977, kupanga jakisoni (ported jekeseni) M20V23 anayamba. Kwa kupanga kwake, mutu womwewo wa chipika unagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati carburetor M20V20, koma ndi crank mpaka 76.8 mm. Kutalika kwa silinda ndi 80 mm. Dongosolo la jekeseni wogawidwa, lomwe poyamba linayikidwa pa injini iyi, ndi K-Jetronic. Pambuyo pake, idasinthidwa ndi makina atsopano a L-Jetronic ndi LE-Jetronic. Voliyumu ntchito injini ndi malita 2.3, amene ndi pang'ono kuposa yapitayo, komabe, kuwonjezeka mphamvu kale noticeable: 137-147 HP. pa 5300 rpm. M20B23 ndi M20B20 ndi oimira otsiriza a mndandanda, opangidwa pamaso 1987 ndi dongosolo Jetronic.

amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zitsanzo

• 1977-1982 E21323i
• 1982-1984 E30323i
• 1984-1987 E30323i

M20B25

injini iyi m'malo awiri apitawo, opangidwa kokha ndi Bosh Motronic jekeseni dongosolo Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana. Kusamuka kwa 2494 cu. masentimita amakulolani kuti mukhale ndi 174 hp. (popanda chosinthira) pa 6500 rpm, yomwe idaposa magwiridwe antchito ang'onoang'ono oyimira mndandanda. Kutalika kwa silinda kwakula mpaka 84 mm, ndi pisitoni kugunda kwa 75 mm. Kuponderezana kunakhalabe pamlingo womwewo - 9.7: 1. Komanso pamasinthidwe osinthidwa, machitidwe a Motronic 1.3 adawonekera, omwe adachepetsa magwiridwe antchito a injini. Kuphatikiza apo, chosinthira chothandizira chinachepetsa mphamvu mpaka 169 hp, komabe, sichinayikidwe pamagalimoto onse.

amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zitsanzo

• 1985-1993 E30325i
• 1989-1990 E34525i
• 1988-1991 Z1

M20V27 ndi injini ya BMW yayikulu komanso yamphamvu kwambiri ya M20. Idapangidwa kuti ikhale yogwira bwino ntchito komanso ma torque pa ma revs otsika, zomwe sizinali zachizolowezi kwa BMW inline-sixs kuthamanga kwambiri 6000 rpm. Mosiyana ndi M20B25, sitiroko ya pisitoni yakula mpaka 81 mm, ndi m'mimba mwake mpaka 84 mm. Mutu wa block ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi B25, camshaft imakhalanso yosiyana, koma ma valve amakhalabe ofanana.

Ma valve akasupe ndi ofewa, amamwa mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimawonjezera mphamvu. Komanso kwa injini iyi, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zatsopano zopangira njira zotalikirana, ndipo mphuno ndi yofanana ndi ena onse a M20. Chifukwa cha kusintha kumeneku, malire apamwamba a liwiro la injini achepetsedwa kufika 4800 rpm. Kuphatikizika kwamainjini awa kumatengera msika komwe adatumizidwa: magalimoto okhala ndi 11: 1 amayendetsa ku USA, ndipo 9.0: 1 adagulitsidwa ku Europe.

amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zitsanzo

• 1982-1987 E30325e, 325e
• 1982–1988 E28525e

Mphamvu yopangidwa ndi chitsanzo ichi sichidutsa zina - 121-127 hp, koma makokedwe okhala ndi malire a 14 N * mamita kuchokera pamwamba (M20B25) ndi 240 N * mamita pa 3250 rpm.

Ntchito

Pama injini awa, pafupifupi zofunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito SAE theka-synthetics ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe a 10w-40, 5w-40, 0w-40. Nthawi zina, tikulimbikitsidwa kudzaza ma synthetics m'malo amodzi. Opanga mafuta oyenera kulabadira: Liqui Molly, Chisamaliro, fufuzani ma kilomita 10 aliwonse, m'malo mwazogulitsa - zili ngati wina aliyense. Koma ndi bwino kukumbukira mbali imodzi ya BMW lonse - muyenera mosamala kuyan'ana mlingo wa madzimadzi, popeza gaskets zambiri unusable ndi kuyamba kutayikira. Komabe, izi sizovuta kwambiri, chifukwa zimathetsedwa pogula zinthu kuchokera kuzinthu zabwino.

Ponena za malo a injini nambala - popeza chipikacho ndi chofanana - chiwerengero cha zitsanzo zonse za mndandanda zili pamwamba pa spark plugs, kumtunda kwa chipika.

injini M20 ndi makhalidwe awo

Injini	HP/r/mphindi	N*m/r/mphindi	Zaka zopanga
M20B20	120/6000	160/4000	1976-1982
125/5800	170/4000	1981-1982
122/5800	170/4000	1982-1984
125/6000	174/4000	1984-1987
125/6000	190/4500	1986-1992
M20B23	140/5300	190/4500	1977-1982
135/5300	205/4000	1982-1984
146/6000	205/4000	1984-1987
M20B25	172/5800	226/4000	1985-1987
167/5800	222/4300	1987-1991
M20B27	121/4250	240/3250	1982-1987
125/4250	240/3250	1987-1992

 Kusintha ndi kusintha

Mutu wa ikukonzekera BMW bwino kuwululidwa, koma choyamba ndi bwino kumvetsa ngati galimoto chofunika kapena ayi. Chosavuta chomwe chimapangidwa nthawi zambiri ndi mndandanda wa M20 ndikuyika makina opangira turbine ndi chip, kuchotsa chothandizira, ngati chilipo. Zowonjezera izi zimakupatsani mwayi wokweza mpaka 200 hp. kuchokera ku injini yatsopano ndi yaing'ono yotere - kusiyana pafupifupi ku Ulaya pamutu wa injini zazing'ono zamphamvu, zomwe zakhala zikuchitika ndikuchitidwa ku Japan mpaka lero.

Nthawi zambiri, eni magalimoto kuyambira zaka zakale za kupanga amaganizira za kusintha injini, chifukwa gwero kwa zaka 20 kapena kuposa ndi chidwi. Ma injini amakono a BMW ndi Toyota abwera kudzapulumutsa pano, makamaka kukopa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo komanso kudalirika kwawo. Komanso, makhalidwe mphamvu injini ambiri amakono mpaka malita 3 adzawalola ntchito popanda m'malo gearbox. Pankhani yoyika injini yoyaka mkati yomwe imaposa kwambiri mawonekedwe apachiyambi, poyang'ananso iyenera kukhazikitsidwa moyenerera.

Komanso, ngati muli ndi BMW yakale kwambiri kuchokera ku M20 isanafike 1986, mutha kukweza makina ake kukhala amakono kwambiri ndikukhala ndi mphamvu zabwinoko. Ena amayika makina otengera momwe amagwirira ntchito, kapena akufuna kuti akwaniritse bwino "pamunsi".