BMW 5 mndandanda e60 injini
Zamkatimu
M'badwo wachisanu wa BMW 5 Series linatulutsidwa mu 2003. Galimotoyi ndi 4-door business class sedan. Thupilo linatchedwa E 60. Chitsanzocho chinatulutsidwa monga kuyankha kwa mpikisano waukulu - chaka chimodzi m'mbuyomo, Mercedes adayambitsa anthu ku W 211 E-class sedan.
Maonekedwe a galimotoyo anali osiyana ndi oimira chikhalidwe cha mtundu. Adapangidwa ndi Christopher Bangle ndi Adrian Van Hooydonk. Chifukwa cha ntchito yawo, chitsanzocho chinalandira mizere yowonetseratu ndi mawonekedwe amphamvu - mapeto ozungulira, chophimba chokongoletsera ndi nyali zopapatiza zakhala chizindikiro cha mndandanda. Pamodzi ndi kunja, kudzazidwa kwa galimotoyo kwasinthanso. Chitsanzocho chinali ndi zida zatsopano zamagetsi ndi zipangizo zamagetsi, zomwe zinkayang'anira pafupifupi njira zonse.
Galimotoyo idapangidwa kuyambira 2003. Analowa m'malo mwake pa conveyor - chitsanzo cha mndandanda wa E 39, womwe unapangidwa kuyambira 1995 ndipo unkaonedwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zabwino kwambiri. Kutulutsidwa kunamalizidwa mu 2010 - E 60 inasinthidwa ndi galimoto yatsopano yokhala ndi thupi la F 10.
Chomera chachikulu cha msonkhano chinali pakatikati pachigawo cha Bavaria - Dingolfing. Kuphatikiza apo, msonkhano unachitika m’maiko enanso 8—Mexico, Indonesia, Russia, China, Egypt, Malaysia, China ndi Thailand.
Mitundu ya Powertrain
Pa kukhalapo kwa chitsanzo, injini zosiyanasiyana zinayikidwa pa izo. Kuti mumvetsetse zambiri, mndandanda wawo, komanso mawonekedwe akuluakulu aukadaulo, akufotokozedwa mwachidule patebulo:
| Injini | N43B20OL | N47D20 | N53B25UL | N52B25OL | Zamgululi | N53B30UL | N54B30 | N62B40 | N62B48 |
| Series Model | 520i | 520d | 523i | 525i | 525, 530d | 530i | 535i | 540i | 550i |
| Volume, kiyubiki mamita cm. | 1995 | 1995 | 2497 | 2497 | 2993 | 2996 | 2979 | 4000 | 4799 |
| Mphamvu, hp ndi. | 170 | 177-184 | 190 | 218 | 197-355 | 218 | 306-340 | 306 | 355-367 |
| Mtundu wamafuta | Gasoline | Injini ya dizeli | Gasoline | Gasoline | Injini ya dizeli | Gasoline | Gasoline | Gasoline | Gasoline |
| Kuchuluka kwa mowa | 8,0 | 4,9/5,6 | 7,9 | 9,2 | 6.9-9 | 8,1 | 9,9/10,4 | 11,2 | 10,7-13,5 |
Injini yoyatsira mkati ya M 54 ndiyofunikira kutchulidwa mwapadera.
Chophimba cha silinda, komanso mutu wake, chimapangidwa ndi alloy aluminium. Zingwe zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chotuwa chotuwa ndipo amakanikizidwa mu masilindala. Ubwino wosatsutsika ndi kukhalapo kwa miyeso yokonza - izi zimawonjezera kusakhazikika kwa unit. Gulu la pisitoni limayendetsedwa ndi crankshaft imodzi. Njira yogawa gasi imakhala ndi ma camshaft awiri ndi unyolo, zomwe zimawonjezera kudalirika kwake.
Ngakhale kuti M 54 imatengedwa kuti ndi injini yopambana kwambiri, kuphwanya malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi kukonzanso pafupipafupi kungayambitse eni ake mavuto ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kutenthedwa, pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwa mabawuti amutu a silinda kumamatira ndi zolakwika pamutu womwewo. Mavuto omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi awa:
- Kusokonekera kwa valve yosiyana ya crankcase ventilation;
- Kusokoneza kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka gasi;
- Kuchuluka mafuta;
- Kuwoneka kwa ming'alu m'nyumba yapulasitiki ya thermostat.
M 54 idakhazikitsidwa pa m'badwo wachisanu mpaka 2005. Idasinthidwa ndi injini ya N43.
Tsopano ganizirani zamagulu amagetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
N43B20OL
Ma motors a banja la N43 ndi ma 4-cylinder unit okhala ndi ma camshaft awiri a DOHC. Pali ma valve anayi pa silinda imodzi. Jekeseni wamafuta wasintha kwambiri - mphamvu imapangidwa molingana ndi dongosolo la HPI - injini ili ndi majekeseni oyendetsedwa ndi hydraulic control. Mapangidwe awa amatsimikizira kuyaka bwino kwamafuta.
Mavuto a injini sikusiyana ndi zitsanzo zina za banja N43:
- Moyo wapampu waufupi wa vacuum. Imayamba kutayikira pambuyo pa 50-80 Km. mileage, chomwe ndi chizindikiro cha m'malo moyandikira.
- Kuthamanga koyandama ndi ntchito yosakhazikika nthawi zambiri zimasonyeza kulephera kwa koyilo yoyatsira.
- Kuwonjezeka kwa mlingo wa kugwedezeka pa ntchito kungakhale chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa nozzles. Pankhaniyi, mungayesere kuthetsa vutoli ndi flushing.
Akatswiri amalangiza kuyang'anira kutentha kwa injini, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta apamwamba komanso mafuta odzola. Kutsata nthawi yautumiki, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosinthira zolembedwa, ndiye chinsinsi chakugwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali popanda zovuta zazikulu.
Ma injini awa adayikidwa pa BMW 520 i model kuyambira 2007. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mphamvu ya unit mphamvu anakhalabe chimodzimodzi - 170 HP. Ndi.
N47D20
Iwo anaikidwa pa angakwanitse kwambiri ndi ndalama kusinthidwa dizilo mndandanda - 520d. Idayamba kukhazikitsidwa pambuyo pokonzanso mtunduwo mu 2007. Choyambirira ndi gawo la M 47.
Injini ndi unit turbocharged ndi mphamvu ya 177 hp. Ndi. Pali mavavu 16 pa masilindala anayi amzere. Mosiyana ndi zomwe zidalipo kale, chipikacho chimapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu ndipo chimakhala ndi manja achitsulo. Makina ojambulira njanji wamba omwe ali ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mpaka 2200 yokhala ndi majekeseni amagetsi ndi turbocharger imatsimikizira kupezeka kwamafuta olondola kwambiri.
Vuto lofala kwambiri la injini ndi kutambasula kwa nthawi. Mwachidziwitso, moyo wake wautumiki umagwirizana ndi moyo wa injini ya unsembe wonse, koma muzochita ziyenera kusinthidwa pambuyo pa 100000 Km. thamanga. Chizindikiro chotsimikizika cha kukonzanso kwapafupi ndi phokoso lakunja kumbuyo kwa injini.
Vuto lofanana lomwe limakhalapo ndikuvala damper ya crankshaft, yomwe ili pamtunda wa 90-100 km. thamanga. Swirl dampers angayambitse mavuto ambiri. Mosiyana ndi chitsanzo yapita, iwo sangakhoze kulowa mu injini, koma pa ntchito wosanjikiza mwaye pa iwo. Izi ndi zotsatira za machitidwe a EGR. Eni ena amakonda kuwachotsa ndikuyika mapulagi apadera. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, unit yolamulira imawunikira chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ntchito.
Monga zitsanzo zina, injini salola kutenthedwa bwino kwambiri. Zimatsogolera kupanga ming'alu pakati pa masilindala, omwe ndi zosatheka kukonza.
N53B25UL
Mphamvu yamagetsi yochokera kwa wopanga waku Germany, yomwe idayikidwa pamagalimoto okhala ndi thupi la 523i E60 pambuyo pokonzanso mu 2007.
Chigawo champhamvu komanso chodalirika cha 6-cylinder in-line chidapangidwa kuchokera ku N52. Makhalidwe a injini:
- Kuchokera kwa omwe adatsogolera adapeza chipika chopepuka cha magnesium alloy ndi zigawo zina;
- Zosinthazo zidakhudza njira yogawa gasi - Dongosolo la Double-VANOS linasinthidwa;
- Opanga asiya dongosolo la Valvetronic variable valve lift;
- Dongosolo la jekeseni wachindunji linayambitsidwa, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti ziwonjezeke kuchulukitsa kwa 12;
- Chigawo chakale chowongolera chasinthidwa ndi Nokia MSD81.
Kawirikawiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta apamwamba ndi mafuta odzola kumatsimikizira kuti injiniyo ikuyenda bwino popanda kuwonongeka kwakukulu. Malo ofooka kwambiri amatengedwa kuti pampu yamafuta othamanga kwambiri komanso ma nozzles. moyo wawo utumiki kawirikawiri upambana 100 zikwi Km.
N52B25OL
Injini ndi petulo inline-six ndi mphamvu ya 218 hp. Ndi. Chigawochi chinawonekera mu 2005 ngati m'malo mwa mndandanda wa M54V25. Aloyi ya magnesium-aluminiyamu idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chachikulu pa block ya silinda. Kuphatikiza apo, ndodo yolumikizira ndi gulu la pistoni imapangidwa ndi zinthu zopepuka.
Mutuwo unalandira dongosolo losinthira magawo ogawa pazitsulo ziwiri - Double-VANOS. Chingwe chachitsulo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati galimoto. Dongosolo la Valvetronic limayang'anira kusintha magwiridwe antchito a ma valve.
Vuto lalikulu la injini limalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwamafuta a injini. M'machitidwe am'mbuyomu, chifukwa chake chinali kusayenda bwino kwa mpweya wa crankcase kapena kuyenda kwanthawi yayitali pa liwiro lalikulu. Kwa N52, kuchuluka kwamafuta kumalumikizidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphete zowonda zamafuta, zomwe zimatha kale pa 70-80 km. thamanga. Panthawi yokonza, akatswiri amalangiza kuti asinthe zisindikizo za tsinde la valve. Pa injini chopangidwa pambuyo 2007, mavuto amenewa si anaona.
Zamgululi
Injini yamphamvu kwambiri ya dizilo pamndandanda. Idayikidwa pa BMW 520d E60 kuyambira 2007. Mphamvu ya injini yoyamba inali 177 hp. Ndi. Pambuyo pake, chiwerengerochi chinawonjezeka ndi malita 20. Ndi.
Injini ndi kusinthidwa kwa unsembe wa M 51. Zimaphatikizapo kudalirika kwakukulu ndi luso limodzi ndi makhalidwe abwino a luso. Chifukwa cha ichi, injini walandira chiwerengero chachikulu cha mphoto mayiko.
Kuyikako kumagwiritsa ntchito turbocharger ndi intercooler, komanso njira yojambulira njanji yolondola kwambiri. Unyolo wodalirika wa nthawi umatha kugwira ntchito popanda kusintha moyo wonse wa injini. Zomwe zimasuntha zimagwirizanitsidwa bwino, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti zitheke kuthetsa kugwedezeka panthawi yogwira ntchito.
N53B30UL
Izi mwachilengedwe aspirated injini wakhala ntchito ngati gawo mphamvu ya BMW 530i kuyambira 2007. Idalowa m'malo mwa N52B30 pamsika ndi voliyumu yofanana. Zosinthazo zidakhudza magetsi - jekeseni wamafuta mwachindunji adayikidwa pa injini yatsopano. Njira iyi idalola kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito a injini. Kuphatikiza apo, okonzawo adasiya dongosolo la Valvetronic valve control - lidawonetsa zotsatira zosakanikirana, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri azitsutsidwa ndi zofalitsa zotsogola zamagalimoto. Zosinthazo zidakhudza gulu la pistoni ndi gawo lowongolera zamagetsi. Chifukwa cha kusintha komwe kunayambitsa, mulingo wokonda zachilengedwe wa injini wakula.
Chigawochi chilibe zolakwika zotchulidwa. Mkhalidwe waukulu wa ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta apamwamba. Kulephera kutsatira izi kumawopseza kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwamagetsi.
N62B40/V48
Mzerewu umayimiridwa ndi magulu akuluakulu amphamvu omwe ali ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana. Kumayambiriro kwa injini ndi M 62.
Oimira banja ndi 8 yamphamvu V-mtundu injini.
Kusintha kwakukulu kunapangidwa kuzinthu zachitsulo cha silinda - kuchepetsa misa, anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito silumin. Ma injini ali ndi makina owongolera a Bosch DME.
Chikhalidwe cha mndandanda ndi kukana kufalitsa kwamanja, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zida zamagetsi. Izi zimachepetsa moyo wa injini pafupifupi theka.
Mavuto aakulu amayamba kuoneka pafupi ndi makilomita 80 zikwi. thamanga. Monga lamulo, amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuphwanya dongosolo la kugawa gasi. Zina mwazofooka, moyo wotsika wa coil woyatsira komanso kuchuluka kwamafuta amasiyanitsidwa. Vuto lomaliza limathetsedwa mwakusintha zisindikizo zamafuta.
Kutengera zinthu ntchito, moyo injini kufika 400000 Km. thamanga.
Ndi injini iti yomwe ili yabwinoko
M'badwo wachisanu wa mndandanda wa 5 umapatsa oyendetsa magalimoto osiyanasiyana - kuyambira 4 mpaka 8-silinda. Kusankha komaliza kwa injini kumadalira zokonda ndi zokonda za dalaivala.
Ma motors a banja la "M" ndi amtundu wakale, ngakhale potengera kudalirika ndi mphamvu, iwo sali otsika kuposa matembenuzidwe am'tsogolo ndi jekeseni wachindunji. Kuphatikiza apo, sizosankha kwambiri zamtundu wamafuta ndi mafuta.
Mosasamala za banja la injini, mavuto akulu amalumikizidwa ndi kutambasula kwa unyolo komanso kuchuluka kwamafuta.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti tsopano vuto lalikulu ndilopeza kope lokonzekera bwino ndi ntchito mosamala.
