Volkswagen CZCA injini
Zamkatimu
Injini yodziwika bwino ya CXSA yasinthidwa ndi ICE yatsopano, yamphamvu kwambiri yomwe imakwaniritsa miyezo yamakono yachilengedwe. Ndi mawonekedwe ake aukadaulo, imagwirizana kwathunthu ndi mzere wa EA211-TSI (CXSA, CZEA, CJZA, CJZB, CHPA, CMBA, CZDA).
mafotokozedwe
Mu 2013, Volkswagen auto concern (VAG) idachita bwino kupanga magetsi omwe adalowa m'malo mwa mndandanda wotchuka wa 1,4 TSI EA111. Galimotoyo inalandira dzina lakuti CZCA. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti chitsanzochi chikuganiziridwabe ngati mtundu wa injini za VAG za mzere wa EA211 wotsogola komanso wapakatikati.
Chomera chamagetsi cha mndandanda wa CZCA wokhala ndi malita 1.4 chili ndi mitundu yayikulu ya Volkswagen, Skoda, Audi ndi Seat pamsika. Mu msika wa Russia, Volkswagen Polo ndi Skoda Octavia, Fabia ndi Rapid, omwe ali ndi injini iyi, ndi otchuka kwambiri.
The galimoto yodziwika ndi compactness, dzuwa, mosavuta yokonza ntchito.
Pazinthu zazikuluzikulu, ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zidatumizidwa ndi 180֯ Mutu wa silinda, womwe udapangitsa kuti azitha kuphatikiziramo kuchuluka kwa utsi, m'malo mwa makina oyendetsa nthawi ndi lamba komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimathandizira kapangidwe kake ka injini yoyaka moto.
CZCA 1,4 lita in-line petulo injini zinayi yamphamvu ndi 125 HP. ndi torque ya 200 Nm yokhala ndi turbocharger.
Adayikidwa pamagalimoto a VAG automaker:
- Volkswagen Golf VII /5G_/ (2014-2018);
- Passat B8 /3G_/ (2014-2018);
- Polo Sedan I /6C_/ (2015-2020);
- Jetta VI /1B_/ (2015-2019);
- Tiguan II / AD/ (2016-);
- Polo Liftback I / CK/ (2020- );
- Skoda Superb III /3V_/ (2015-2018);
- Yeti I /5L_/ (2015-2017);
- Rapid I / NH/ (2015-2020);
- Octavia III /5E_/ (2015-);
- Kodiaq I /NS/ (2016-);
- Fabia III /NJ/ (2017-2018);
- Rapid II / NK/ (2019-);
- Mpando Leon III /5F_/ (2014-2018);
- Toledo IV /KG/ (2015-2018);
- Audi A1 I /8X_/ (2014-2018);
- A3 III /8V_/ (2013-2016).
Sizingatheke kunyalanyaza njira zatsopano monga kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa madyedwe. Tsopano ili ndi intercooler. Dongosolo lozizira lalandira kusintha - kuzungulira kwa mpope wamadzi kumachitika ndi lamba wake woyendetsa. Dongosolo lokha linakhala magawo awiri.
Gawo lamagetsi silinasiyidwe popanda chidwi. Bosch Motronic MED 17.5.25 ECU imayang'anira ntchito yonse ya injini, osati kungowonjezera mphamvu.
Zomangamanga zokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala zimakanikizidwa mu block ya aluminiyamu ya silinda. Pali ma pluses awiri - kulemera kwa injini kumachepetsedwa ndipo kuthekera kwa kukonzanso kwathunthu kwawonekera.
Aluminium pistons, opepuka. Choyipa chachikulu cha njira iyi ndikuwonjezera chidwi chawo pakuwotcha. Choyamba, izi zimawonekera ndi mawonekedwe a siketi, monga momwe tawonetsera pa chithunzi. Zala zoyandama. Kuchokera m'mbali mwake kusamutsidwa kokhazikika ndi mphete zosungira.
Crankshaft ndi yopepuka, ndi sitiroko idakwera mpaka 80 mm. Izi zidapangitsa kuti agwiritse ntchito ndodo zopepuka zolumikizira, zomwe zidalipo pamapangidwewo.
Kuwongolera nthawi kumagwiritsa ntchito lamba. Poyerekeza ndi unyolo, kulemera kwa mfundo kunachepa pang'ono, koma izi zinakhala mbali yokha ya chisankho ichi. Lamba woyendetsa, malinga ndi wopanga, amatha kuyamwitsa makilomita 120, koma pochita izi ndizosowa.
Eni ake odziwa magalimoto amalangiza kuti asinthe lamba pambuyo pa 90 km. Komanso, makilomita 30 aliwonse ayenera kufufuzidwa mosamala. Lamba wosweka amachititsa kuti ma valve apinde.
Mutu wa silinda uli ndi ma camshaft awiri (DOHC), ma valve 16 okhala ndi zonyamula ma hydraulic. The valve time regulator ili pa shaft yolowera.
Njira yoperekera mafuta - mtundu wa jakisoni, jekeseni mwachindunji. Mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito - AI-98. Oyendetsa ena m'malo mwake ndi 95th, yomwe imachepetsa gwero, imachepetsa mphamvu ndikupanga zofunikira pakulephera kwa injini.
Pa turbocharging, turbine ya TD025 M2 imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yopatsa mphamvu ya 0,8 bar. Nthawi zambiri, makina opangira magetsi amasamalira makilomita 100-150, omwe sitinganene za kuyendetsa kwake. Idzakambidwa mwatsatanetsatane mu Chap. Malo ofooka.
Kondomu dongosolo ntchito 0W-30 (zofunika) kapena 5W-30 mafuta. Pazikhalidwe zogwirira ntchito ku Russia, wopanga amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito VAG Special C 0W-30 ndi chivomerezo ndi tsatanetsatane wa VW 502 00/505 00. Kusintha kuyenera kuchitika pambuyo pa 7,5 makilomita zikwi. Pampu yamafuta yochokera ku Duo-Centric, yodzilamulira yokha mafuta.
Injini iliyonse ili ndi mbali zabwino ndi zoipa. Zabwino ndizopambana mu CZCA. Chithunzi cha mawonekedwe a liwiro lakunja la mota yomwe ili pansipa imatsimikizira izi.
CZCA ICE ndi injini yatsopano yomwe ili ndi zosintha zazikulu pakuwongolera magwiridwe antchito aukadaulo ndi zachuma.
Zolemba zamakono
| Wopanga | Mlada Boleslav Plant, Czech Republic |
| Chaka chomasulidwa | 2013 |
| Voliyumu, cm³ | 1395 |
| Mphamvu, l. Ndi | 125 |
| Makokedwe, Nm | 200 |
| Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana | 10 |
| Cylinder chipika | aluminium |
| Chiwerengero cha masilindala | 4 |
| Cylinder mutu | aluminium |
| Lamulo la jekeseni wamafuta | 1-3-4-2 |
| Cylinder awiri, mm | 74.5 |
| Pisitoni sitiroko, mm | 80 |
| Nthawi yoyendetsa | lamba |
| Chiwerengero cha mavavu pa silinda iliyonse | 4 (DOHC) |
| Kutembenuza | Chithunzi cha TD025 M2 |
| Hydraulic compensator | pali |
| Wowongolera nthawi ya valve | chimodzi (cholowera) |
| Lubrication dongosolo mphamvu, l | 3.8 |
| Mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito | Zamgululi 5W-30 |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta (kuwerengeredwa), l / 1000 km | mpaka 0,5 * |
| Mafuta dongosolo | jekeseni, jekeseni mwachindunji |
| Mafuta | AI-98 mafuta |
| Mfundo zachilengedwe | Yuro 6 |
| Resource, kunja. km | 275 |
| Kulemera, kg | 104 |
| Malo: | chopingasa |
| Kukonza (kuthekera, hp | 230 ** |
* yokhala ndi injini yosakira osapitilira 0,1; ** mpaka 150 popanda kutaya kwazinthu
Kudalirika, zofooka, kusakhazikika
Kudalirika
Palibe kukayikira za kudalirika kwa CZCA. Injini ili ndi gwero labwino komanso malire akulu achitetezo.
Zolankhula zambiri m'mabwalo osiyanasiyana ndizokhudza kulimba kwa lamba wanthawi. Akatswiri okhudzidwa ndi Volkswagen amatsutsa kuti ndondomeko yake yosinthira ili pamtunda wa makilomita zikwi 120 ndipo palibe chifukwa chochepetsera.
Izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi ena eni magalimoto. Chifukwa chake, mamembala aku Kaluga amagawana zomwe adawona: "… anasintha lamba wanthawi ndi kuphatikiza lamba wagalimoto. Adasinthidwa pakuthamanga kwa 131.000 km. Ndikukuuzani nthawi yomweyo kuti simukusowa kukwera kumeneko mofulumira kwambiri, mukhoza kuona kuchokera pazithunzi kuti chirichonse chiri choyera pamenepo ndipo chikhalidwe cha lamba chili pa 4 yolimba, kapena ngakhale 5".
Krebsi (Germany, Munich) akufotokoza kuti:... Ajeremani pa injini iyi sasintha lamba wa nthawi isanafike 200 km. Ndipo amati nthawi zambiri amakhala kuti ali bwino. Kusintha kwa fakitale sikuperekedwa konse".
Zikuwonekeratu ndi aku Germany, koma oyendetsa galimoto athu ali ndi maganizo osiyana pa nkhaniyi - pambuyo pa 90000 m'malo ndi kuyendera 30000. Pansi pa ntchito mu Russian Federation, izi zidzakhala zenizeni komanso zotetezeka.
Pankhani ya kuchuluka kwa mafuta, palibenso malingaliro osatsutsika. Mavuto amakumana makamaka ndi eni magalimoto omwe akuyesera kupulumutsa mafuta otsika mtengo ndipo satsatira nthawi yokonza injini.
Woyendetsa galimoto wa ku Moscow, Cmfkamikadze, akufotokoza maganizo ofala kwambiri ponena za injiniyo: “…mulingo wamafuta. Moto wamphamvu! Kugwiritsa ntchito mpaka 7.6 avareji mumzinda. Injini yabata kwambiri. Mukayima paroboti, ngati kuti mwayimitsidwa. Inde, lero, poyeretsa chipale chofewa ndikuyenda mozungulira galimotoyo, idatentha mpaka madigiri 80. Mphindi 5-8. Mosangalala. Choncho nthano yonena za kutentha kwautali ikuwonongedwa".
Wopanga amatenga nthawi yake kuti apititse patsogolo kudalirika kwa unit. Mwachitsanzo, m'magulu oyamba a injini, mavuto adawonedwa mu phiri la chowongolera nthawi ya valve. Fakitaleyo inakonza mwamsanga vutolo.
Injini kwambiri kuposa gwero analengeza ndi maganizo okwanira kwa izo. Ogwira ntchito zamagalimoto awona mobwerezabwereza magalimoto akufika kwa iwo ndi mtunda wopitilira 400 km.
Mphepete mwa chitetezo imakupatsani mwayi wokweza injini mpaka 230 hp. s, koma musachite. Poyamba, injiniyo idalimbikitsidwa ndi wopanga. Kachiwiri, kulowererapo pakupanga gawoli kudzachepetsa kwambiri gwero lake komanso kutsatira miyezo ya chilengedwe.
Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi mphamvu ya malita 125. ndi osakwanira, ndi zotheka kuchita yosavuta Chip ikukonzekera (kupanga kuwala kwa ECU). Zotsatira zake, injiniyo imakhala yamphamvu kwambiri ndi 12-15 hp. s, pomwe gwero likadali lomwelo.
Malingana ndi ndemanga za akatswiri ndi oyendetsa pa injini ya 1.4 TSI CZCA, mfundo yokhayo imadziwonetsera yokha - injini ya Volkswagen iyi ndi yothandiza, yodalirika komanso yotsika mtengo.
Mawanga ofooka
Malo omwe ali ndi vuto la CZCA sanapewedwe. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ambiri a iwo amayamba chifukwa cha ntchito yosayenera ya unit, ndiko kuti, eni eni eni eni omwe ali ndi udindo pazochitika zawo.
Ganizirani vuto lalikulu mfundo ya galimoto
tsya wastegate turbine, kapena m'malo mwake kuyendetsa kwake. Oyendetsa galimoto nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi kugwedezeka kwa ndodo ya actuator. Vutoli litha kuchitika pamtunda uliwonse. Chifukwa chake ndikulakwitsa kwaukadaulo pamapangidwe a injini. Akatswiri-akatswiri amasonyeza kuti pali cholakwika pakusankha mipata ndi zipangizo zamagulu a msonkhano.
Kuti mupewe vuto, m'pofunika kudzoza ndodo ya actuator ndi mafuta osagwira kutentha ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi (ngakhale mutayima m'misewu yamagalimoto) perekani liwiro la injini. Chifukwa cha malangizo awiri osavutawa, ndizotheka kuthetsa kutsekemera kwa ndodo ndikuletsa kukonzanso kwamtengo wapatali.
Kufooka kwina wamba wa supercharged injini kuyaka mkati (CZCA ndi chimodzimodzi) ndi kuchuluka mowa mafuta. Chifukwa si mafuta apamwamba ndi mafuta, makamaka mafuta, osati kukonza injini panthawi yake.
Mafuta osakhala bwino amathandizira kupanga mwaye ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuphika mphete za pistoni ndi mavavu. Zotsatira zake ndizochitika za mphete, kutaya mphamvu, kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta ndi mafuta.
Eni magalimoto omwe amakonza injini nthawi zonse, monga lamulo, samakumana ndi chowotcha mafuta.
Pa injini zakale, chifunga komanso ngakhale kutayikira kozizirira kumawonekera. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuyanika kwa pulasitiki - nthawi imatenga zovuta zake. Vutoli limathetsedwa posintha gawo lolakwika.
Mavuto ena onse omwe amakumana nawo si ovuta, chifukwa ndi osowa, osati pa injini iliyonse.
Kusungika
CZCA ili ndi kusamalidwa kwakukulu. Mapangidwe osavuta, manja achitsulo ndi chotchinga chotchinga amalola kubwezeretsedwa osati pa ntchito zamagalimoto, komanso m'magalasi.
Injini imafalitsidwa kwambiri pamsika wapakhomo, kotero palibe zovuta kupeza zida zosinthira. Mukamagula, muyenera kulabadira wopanga wawo kuti asatengere mwayi wopeza zabodza.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosinthira-analogue panthawi yokonza, makamaka zachiwiri. Tsoka ilo, eni magalimoto ena salabadira izi. Chifukwa chake, ndichifukwa chake nthawi zina ndikofunikira kukonza injini kachiwiri.
N’chifukwa chiyani zimenezi zikuchitika? Mafotokozedwe ake ndi osavuta - ma analogue a zigawo ndi zigawo sizimafanana nthawi zonse ndi magawo ofunikira (miyeso, kapangidwe kazinthu, kapangidwe kazinthu, ndi zina), ndipo ndizosatheka kudziwa zotsalira za zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Musanayambe kukonza unit, sizidzakhala zosayenera kuganizira njira yogulira injini ya mgwirizano.
Palibe zovuta kupeza wogulitsa ma mota oterowo. Mtengo wa unit umasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndipo umayamba kuchokera ku ma ruble 60. Kutengera kukwanira kwa zomata ndi zinthu zina, mutha kupeza injini yotsika mtengo.
Injini ya Volkswagen CZCA ndi yanthawi yayitali, yodalirika komanso yopanda mavuto pamene zofunikira zonse za wopanga zimagwira ntchito.
